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Italy's Eni is aiming to construct a second floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) processing facility offshore Mozambique to fast-track monetization of the ultradeepwater gas reserves it is developing with its partners ExxonMobil and China National Petroleum Co. (CNPC) in the Mozambique Rovuma Venture SpA (MRV). No final investment decision (FID) has been made, but Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi told analysts during a 2Q earnings call on 29 July that Eni's partners "are positive" and view the option as a temporary fix to work around political risk that has stalled ExxonMobil's movement on the $30-billion onshore LNG facility originally planned. In late 2020, an Islamic militant insurgency that had been building over 3 years intensified attacks along the Cabo Delgado coast, home to not only ExxonMobil's Rovuma LNG facility but also TotalEnergies' $20-billion Mozambique LNG development. The attacks prompted the French major to declare force majeure in late April 2021 and ExxonMobil to postpone its FID to 2022 or even 2023. Rovuma isn't having to wait to produce LNG from its upstream operations in Mozambique's Area 4 block, however, thanks to the decision in 2017 to construct the $7-billion Coral-Sul FLNG facility which arrived at its mooring site 50 km (31 miles) offshore of the north coast of Mozambique in January.
South Africa's chemical and synthetic fuels giant Sasol Ltd. is ditching plans to import natural gas via the proposed African Renaissance Pipeline (ARP) from the Rovuma Basin, opting for tanker deliveries of liquified natural gas (LNG) to best tap into Mozambique's offshore gas reserves. Investing in the ARP would tie Sasol to the asset "for 30 or 40 years because that's the nature of the investment," Sasol's CEO Fleetwood Grobler told Bloomberg in an interview at Sasol's Johannesburg headquarters. "Gas in the long term is also a fossil fuel and we said we want to get to net zero," Grobler said. "It's a no-regret move because you know that will deplete and then when you don't need the gas you don't develop more gas. You need to bridge 10 to 15 years and then you need to go out."
The Coral-Sul FLNG ship, the first floating LNG facility ever to be deployed in the deep waters of the African continent, is ready to depart Samsung Heavy Industries shipyard in Geoje, South Korea, in route to Mozambique. The vessel is 432 m long and 66 m wide, weighs around 220,000 tons, and has the capacity to accommodate up to 350 people in its eight-story living quarters module. It will be moored at its operating site at the Coral South field in Area 4 of the Rovuma basin. Production startup is expected in the second half of 2022. The FLNG treatment and liquefaction installation has a gas liquefaction capacity of 3.4 mtpa and will put in production 450 Bcm of gas from six subsea wells located in the giant Coral discovery.
Mozambique is located in southeast Africa with an extensive area of 306,642 sq miles (approximately 800,000 sq km). The major cities include the capital city of Maputo, Beira, Matola, Nampula, Quelimane, Tete, Nacala, and Pemba. The terrain varies from lowlands to high plateau with a climate range from tropical to subtropical. Mozambique has an enormous energy potential, which provides the country with favourable means to fulfil its domestic and regional energy needs for southern Africa and beyond. The latest discoveries of natural gas, estimated at 277 trillion m3, puts Mozambique in a very privileged position both in the region and in the world.
Mozambique Rovuma Venture has submitted the development plan to the government for the first phase of the Rovuma LNG project, which will produce, liquefy, and market natural gas from the Mamba fields located in the Area 4 block offshore Mozambique. The plan proposes the design and construction of two liquefied natural gas (LNG) trains which will each produce 7.6 mtpa of LNG. ExxonMobil will lead construction and operation of natural gas liquefaction and related facilities on behalf of the joint venture, and Eni will lead construction and operation of upstream facilities. In a presentation prepared for a March analyst meeting, ExxonMobil said more than 13 mtpa is targeted to be on line by 2024, with a potential to scale up to more than 40 mtpa. "We are excited to be progressing the Rovuma LNG project, working with the government and leveraging the expertise and capabilities of all of the partners," said Liam Mallon, president of ExxonMobil Development Company. "The Rovuma LNG Project is moving forward swiftly," said Stefano Maione, Eni's executive vice-president for the Mozambique Program.
Mozambique Rovuma Venture has submitted the development plan to the government for the first phase of the Rovuma LNG project, which will produce, liquefy, and market natural gas from the Mamba fields located in the Area 4 block offshore Mozambique. The plan proposes the design and construction of two liquefied natural gas (LNG) trains which will each produce 7.6 mtpa of LNG. ExxonMobil will lead construction and operation of natural gas liquefaction and related facilities on behalf of the joint venture, and Eni will lead construction and operation of upstream facilities. In a presentation prepared for a March analyst meeting, ExxonMobil said more than 13 mtpa is targeted to be on line by 2024, with a potential to scale up to more than 40 mtpa. "We are excited to be progressing the Rovuma LNG project, working with the government and leveraging the expertise and capabilities of all of the partners," said Liam Mallon, president of ExxonMobil Development Company. "The Rovuma LNG Project is moving forward swiftly," said Stefano Maione, Eni's executive vice-president for the Mozambique Program.
Abstract Floating LNG (FLNG) technologies are being deployed to monetize mid-sized offshore gas reservoirs, avoiding constructing a sub-sea gas pipeline to a land-based LNG facility and export jetty. Containing the processing to an oceanic environment also reduces the impact on indigenous peoples as well as terrestrial flora and fauna. FLNG facilities also have the potential of serving multiple offshore fields over the life of the facility, thereby reducing the minimum size field that can be economically monetized. Three major decisions for FLNG topsides are pretreatment, liquefaction and driver technology selections, with major impacts on safety, weight, space, maintainability and sensitivity to motion. A fourth decision is selection of a new build hull or LNG carrier revamp. The take-away from this work is an understanding of the tradeoffs inherent in these selections, supporting tailoring an FLNG facility to business constraints. Cryogenic processing requires pretreatment for removal of water and carbon dioxide to prevent solids formation. The use of brazed or welded aluminum equipment, common in cryogenic processing, also requires the removal of mercury. Candidate pretreatment technologies will be covered with an emphasis on the advantages and drawbacks regarding weight, space, and sensitivity to both tilt and motion. Offshore liquefaction technologies are often novel and have few or no offshore references. The available offshore liquefaction technologies and Licensors will be presented. Because of the diversity of liquefaction technologies, the technologies will be grouped by refrigerant, and then these liquefaction categorizations will be compared with an emphasis on safety, scale, weight, and sensitivity to motion and efficiency. Application of mechanical drives for centrifugal compressors in an offshore environment is well-practiced. Given this maturity, types of technologies will be compared on power ratings, availability, maintainability, flexibility and weight, without referring to individual suppliers.
The government of Mozambique has approved a development plan for the multibillion-dollar Rovuma LNG project, which will produce, liquefy, and market natural gas from three reservoirs located in the Mamba complex of Area 4 block offshore Mozambique, two of which straddle the boundary with neighboring Area 1. Area 4 is operated by Mozambique Rovuma Venture, a joint venture owned by ExxonMobil, Eni, and CNPC, which holds a 70% interest in the Area 4 exploration and production concession contract. ExxonMobil will lead the construction and operation of natural gas liquefaction and related facilities on behalf of the joint venture, and Eni will lead construction and operation of upstream facilities. A final investment decision by the joint venture parties is expected later this year, with LNG production expected to begin in 2024. ExxonMobil said in a statement that market activities are progressing. Sales and purchase agreements for 100% of the LNG capacity for trains 1 and 2 have been submitted to the government of Mozambique for approval, which together will produce more than 15 mtpa of LNG.
Eni's finalization on 1 June of its USD 7-billion investment in a FLNG project in Mozambique has sparked announcements of awarded contracts by service and equipment providers. Eni and the country's government signed all the drilling, construction, and installation contracts for the production facilities, as well as agreements for the regulatory framework and financing of the Coral South project, Mozambique's first offshore development. The Coral South field, discovered in 2012, is the first project in the development of the gas resources Eni located in Area 4 of the Rovuma basin, which contains 85 Tcf. Eni said the Coral South field holds approximately 16 Tcf of gas. The final exploration well was drilled 3 years ago.
Eni's finalization on 1 June of its USD 7-billion investment in a FLNG project in Mozambique has sparked announcements of awarded contracts by service and equipment providers. Eni and the country's government signed all the drilling, construction, and installation contracts for the production facilities, as well as agreements for the regulatory framework and financing of the Coral South project, Mozambique's first offshore development. The Coral South field, discovered in 2012, is the first project in the development of the gas resources Eni located in Area 4 of the Rovuma basin, which contains 85 Tcf. Eni said the Coral South field holds approximately 16 Tcf of gas. The final exploration well was drilled 3 years ago.