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Seychelles
New Viewpoint on the Geology and Hydrocarbon Prospectivity of the Seychelles Plateau
Granath, James (1Granath & Assoc. Consulting Geology, Highlands Ranch, Colorado, United States) | Rango, Rolf (2Takamaka Energy Limited, Singapore) | Emmet, Pete (3Brazos River Services, Spring, Texas, United States) | Ford, Colin (2Takamaka Energy Limited, Singapore) | Lambert, Robert (2Takamaka Energy Limited, Singapore) | Kasli, Michael (2Takamaka Energy Limited, Singapore)
ABSTRACT We have reprocessed, re-imaged, and interpreted 10000+ km of legacy 2D seismic data in the Seychelles, particularly in the western part of the Plateau. Seychelles data have been difficult to image, particularly for the Mesozoic section: volcanics are a major attenuator of low frequency signal, and a hard water bottom contributes to signal problems. Enhanced low frequency techniques were applied to improve the signal fidelity in the 4 to 20 Hz range, and to remove spectral notches of shallow geologic origin. These efforts have allowed a reasonable view of the structure of the Plateau to a depth equivalent to about 3.5 sec TWT, and permit a comparison of areas atop the Plateau to the south coast where the three 1980's Amoco wells were drilled. It is clear that the main Plateau area of the Seychelles (excluding the outlying territories) is comprised of several separate basins, each with similar Karoo, Cretaceous, and Cenozoic sections that relate to the East African and West Indian conjugate margins, but the basins each have nuanced tectono-stratigraphic histories. The previously recognized Correira Basin in the SE and the East and West South Coast Basins face the African conjugate margin; other unimaged ones complete the periphery of the Plateau. The interior of the Plateau is dominated by the Silhouette Basin to the west of the main islands and the Mahé Basin to the east. The co astal basins have harsh tectono-thermal histories comparable to other continental margins around the world; they are typically characterized by stretching, subsidence and breakaway from their respective conjugate margins. In contrast the interior basins are comparable to ‘failed’ rift systems such as the North Sea or the Gulf of Suez. The South Coastal Basins, for example, tend to be more extended which complicated interpretation of the Amoco wells, but they have significant upside, as exemplified by the Beau Vallon structure. The interior basins, on the other hand, have typically simpler structure: the Silhouette Basin contains a system of NW-trending linked normal faults that could easily harbor North Sea-sized hydrocarbon traps with a variety of rift-related reservoir possibilities. Bright, reflective, hard volcanic horizons are less common than usually presumed, but most of the basins may contain considerable pyroclastic material in parts of the section. All of the basins appear to be predominantly oil prone, with considerable upside prospectivity.
SPE-AFRC-2556681-MS
Amoco well, basin, breakup, conjugate margin, earth & planetary sci, History, Hydrocarbon Prospectivity, India, interior basin, lower jurassic unconformity, mahé basin, new viewpoint, plateau, Reservoir Characterization, seismic data, Seychelle Plateau, Silhouette Basin, structural geology, unconformity, Upstream Oil & Gas
Country:
- Africa > Seychelles (1.00)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea (0.56)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea (0.46)
- (2 more...)
Geologic Time:
- Phanerozoic > Mesozoic > Cretaceous (0.57)
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic > Paleogene (0.48)
Summary Constant Bank-1 is a 3,200 m (10,500 ft) wildcat well located in 50 m (164 ft) of water on a carbonate bank in the Republic of Seychelles, a group of tropical islands in the Indian Ocean. In this article we describe the development of a contracting philosophy for planning and executing the project through the formation of an alliance comprised of operator, drilling contractor, and integrated services company. We examine the unique environmental and logistical features of this project and describe how the alliance addressed these critical issues by using the strengths of the respective companies to reduce risks and ensure a cost-effective, successful operation. The logistical management of this rank wildcat well, which was situated in a remote location offering no practical means of resupply and no local resources, was further complicated by the technical difficulties associated with the well. We conclude by discussing the different objectives of each company in conjunction with the overall project objectives and describing how these respective goals were aligned to the mutual needs of the alliance. The lessons learned by the alliance members are noted and recommendations are made for approaching similar operations. Introduction Enterprise Oil Exploration Ltd., under a license agreement with the Seychelles National Oil Company, committed to drill a subsea exploration well to a total vertical depth of 3,200 m (10,500 ft). The well was located on Constant Bank, 200 km (124 mi) southeast of the main island of Mahe (Fig. 1). Enterprise was the sole licensee with 100% equity in the well. In this article we describe the various factors that increased the risks and consequently the potential costs of drilling this well. A project management strategy involving integrating all the principal services into two distinct contract groups was devised for managing these risks and reducing costs. The lessons learned from applying this process to a high-risk remote-location single-string venture are noted, and recommendations are made for enhancing this form of management strategy in future drilling operations. In addition, the limitations of this type of approach are defined. Project Outline The principal factor governing the drilling project is the well location. Located in 50 m (164 ft) of water on a carbonate bank 200 km (124 mi) from the main island of Mahe and over 5,300 km (3,300 mi) from the Singapore supply base, the well had a number of significant risks associated with it. The Republic of Seychelles is one of the smallest countries in the world with a population of 70,000 people. The nation, which is located in the Western Indian Ocean, consists of several small granite islands totaling 280 km (175 mi). The country is renowned for its unspoiled, pristine environment with the main sources of revenue being tourism and fishing, two businesses that are not usually considered compatible with oil exploration. This situation was complicated by Enterprise's high public exposure in the small country. Consequently, environmental protection was of paramount importance. Moreover, the country was devoid of any infrastructure capable of supporting an offshore exploration program, and the remote location of both the well and the islands themselves meant that any resupply would be very difficult unless performed by air. Based on these geographical and ecological factors, Enterprise Oil decided to use a drillship. The vessel required for such a job needed to be capable of carrying all the equipment and materials for the well plus considerable contingency equipment. In addition to all the aforementioned challenges, the well was a rank wildcat, and given the difficulties of resupply, it would be necessary for the operator to carry substantial additional materials to allow for any unforeseen well problems. Further, the drillship required state-of-the-art minimum-discharge systems for meeting the onerous environmental restrictions imposed by the Seychelles authorities. Since the few drillships that satisfied these broad criteria were based in the Far East, Singapore was selected as the load-out and mobilization point early in the project planning. Three wells had been previously drilled in the Seychelles in the mid-1980s, but limited well information was available. In addition, these three wells were located more than 300 km (190 mi) from the location for the current project, placing them in an entirely different geologic setting. Therefore, the comparative value of these wells was limited. Defining and Implementing a Project Management Strategy From the outset, we knew that we would have to plan the well for optimal management of various risks. The process would have to address the following interrelated points:environment; wildcat well; remote location; high operating costs. The fundamental objective of the project was to complete the well as cost effectively and safely as possible.
Oilfield Places: North America > United States > Michigan > Michigan Basin > Enterprise Field > Richfield Formation (0.93)
SPE Disciplines:
- Well Drilling (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Project management (1.00)
Abstract As a well-known holiday resort, the Seychelles economy depends on tourism and fishing. The activities associated with drilling a wildcat well in that environment are not considered compatible with the image of unspoiled nature. However, an operating company was contracted by the Seychelles National Oil Company to drill a subsea exploration well to a total vertical depth of 3,200 m at a location on Constant Bank, 200 km southeast of the main island of Mahe. The planning and drilling of this well has been described in an earlier paper (SPE 35092). In SPE 35092, the authors explain how a service company was chosen to provide the integrated drilling services along with a contractor to provide the drillship and associated services. The successful outcome of the project management methods used and the efficiencies obtained from their approach are identified in SPE 35092. In this team, the service company's role and responsibilities required the project management and delivery of six services:Drilling-fluid material and engineering Cementing materials and engineering Directional surveying Wireline logging Mud logging Drill bits Introduction From the beginning, the service company was aware that environmental protection was a prime issue in planning the project, the execution of the services, and the demobilization after completion of the job. The environment and other health and safety issues would be reviewed on completion of the job. These issues had to be addressed so that the other subcontracting businesses would be familiar with and would adhere to the health, safety, and environmental (HSE) management system used by the service company. The benefits of planning and open communication in the team assembled by the operating company are stressed in the SPE 33092 paper. The focus of this paper is the effective delivery of all services, where a structured approach to the management of risk was needed with a high level of awareness in the drilling services team. Failure in this respect could have been damaging to all the key players in the project. After contributing to the team producing the Exploration and Production (E&P) forum's guidelines for the development of HSE management system, the service company adopted the management system. Using a common system in the field of HSE management is important in the oil and gas industry. With the growth of alliances and integrated services, it is vital at the operational level of the service and down the line that the systems and procedures are known and practiced by all staff, even if they do not work for the same organizations. Getting the jobs done requires a degree of interdependence and reliance on common factors. An HSE management system that provides a common framework is essential for defining the relationship and interface between the services and the drillship operation. The operating company's strategy from the conceptual stages of planning had prepared an environmental-impact assessment with oil-spill prevention and waste-management plans. The findings from the initial assessment and findings were shared so that it was possible for the service company to consider how it could contribute in mitigating environmental risk. Two main areas applied in this planning phase:Choice of chemical substances Review of options and proposals for supply and logistics support During the early part of the project planning, it was possible to identify and specify drilling muds, cementing, and associated chemicals that were already proven in application and design. These chemicals had been determined to have a limited-to-negligible impact when released to the environment.
acceptable level, completion, control measure, exposure, handling, hazard, HSE Training, management system, project management, responsibility, Risk analysis, risk assessment, service company, Seychelle, seychelle spe 36054, spe 35092, spe 36054, strategic planning and management, Upstream Oil & Gas, well drilling
SPE Disciplines:
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Project management (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Environment (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > HSSE & Social Responsibility Management > HSSE management systems (0.89)
Abstract Constant Bank - 1 is a 3,200m (10,500ft) wildcat well located in 50m (164ft) of water on a carbonate bank in the Republic of Seychelles, a group of tropical islands in the Indian Ocean. This paper covers in detail how the contracting philosophy was developed to plan and execute the project through the formation of an alliance comprised of Operator, Drilling Contractor and Integrated Services Company. It examines the unique environmental and logistical features of this project and how the alliance sought to deal with these critical issues utilising the strengths of the respective companies to reduce risks and ensure a cost-effective, successful operation, The logistical management of planning a rank wildcat in a remote location with no practical means of resupply and no local resources was further complicated by anticipated technical difficulties with the well. The paper concludes by considering the different objectives of each company in conjunction with the overall project objectives and how these respective goals were aligned to the mutual needs of the alliance. The lessons learned by all three alliance members are noted and recommendations made on how they would approach such all operation in the future. Introduction Enterprise Oil Exploration Ltd., under a license agreement with the Seychelles National Oil Company, had a commitment to drill a subsea exploration well to a total vertical depth of 3,200m (10,500ft). The well was located on Constant Bank, 200 km (124mi) south east of the main island of Mahe (Fig. 1). Enterprise was the sole licensee with 100% equity in the well. This paper describes the various factors that increased the risks and consequently the potential costs of drilling this well. A project management strategy involving integrating all the principal services into two distinct contract groups was devised and applied to manage these risks and reduce the costs. The lessons learned from the application of this process to a high-risk remote-location single-string venture are noted and recommendations are made for enhancing this form of management strategy in future drilling operations. In addition, the limitations of this type of approach are defined. Project Outline The principal factor governing the drilling project is the well location. Located in 50m (164ft) of water on a carbonate bank 200 km2 (124mi) from the main island of Mahe and over 5,300km (3,300 mi) from the Singapore supply base, the well had a number of significant risks associated with it. The Republic of Seychelles is one of the smallest countries in the world with a population of 70,000 people living on several small granite islands totaling 280 km2 (175 mi2) in area in the western Indian Ocean. The country is renowned for its unspoiled, pristine environment with the main sources of revenue being tourism and fishing, two businesses that are usually not associated with oil exploration. These potential incompatibilities could be compounded by the company's very high public exposure in such a small country. Consequently, environmental protection was of paramount importance. Moreover, the country was devoid of any infrastructure to support an offshore exploration programme. Coupled with this, the remote location of both the well and the islands themselves meant that any resupply would be very difficult unless by air. This combination of these geographical and ecological factors resulted in the decision to use a drillship. The vessel to be selected had to have the capacity to carry all the equipment and materials for the well plus considerable contingency. Added to all the aforementioned challenges, the well was a rank wildcat and given the difficulties of resupply it would be necessary to carry substantial additional materials to allow for any unforeseen well problems. Also, the drillship would require state-of-the-art minimum-discharge systems to meet the onerous environmental restrictions imposed by the Seychelles authorities. P. 431
Canmar, contractor, drilling contractor, drilling operation, Efficiency, Halliburton, iadc spe 35092, objective, operator, operator-contractor-integrated service alliance, personnel, philosophy, project management, Republic, responsibility, service company, Seychelle, standby rate, strategic planning and management, Upstream Oil & Gas
SPE Disciplines:
(Davis, 1990). Constant Bank is a carbonate shoal the Seychelles Bank.
application, closure, compaction, compaction factor, constant bank structure, deepening water, depth conversion, horizon velocity analysis, instantaneous velocity, interval velocity, Reservoir Characterization, Seychelle, southern part, Upstream Oil & Gas, variation, velocity function, velocity parameter
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
ALTIMETER DATA PROCESSING The most pronounced signal of the marine geoid over the Radar altimeter data from GEOS-3, SEASAT and Seychelles Platform is associated with the rapid increase GEOSAT were combined to one data set over the in water depth going from the continental shelf to the Seychelles Platform (Figure 1). Each satellite track has deep ocean. The bulge of the geoid, caused by the higher been individually selected and checked for coherency in density of the plateau relative to sea water, is adjusted areas of repeat passes. The addition of GEOS3 for, together with the effect from the isostatic measurements is especially important in equatorial regions compensation associated with the sea floor topography.
adjustment, compensation, crust, crustal structure, density variation, depression, geoid, isostatic compensation, isostatic effect, marine geoid, Offshore Area, petroleum prospective, Reservoir Characterization, sea surface, Seychelle Platform, structural geology, undulation, Upstream Oil & Gas, variation, wavelength undulation, western shelf
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (0.71)
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