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Central Java
Abstract The volume of potential failure in a limestone pit located in Rembang has been estimated in previous researches but the risk rating has not been determined yet. In this paper, the determination is carried out by using the failure probability value of the most potentially failed slope and the available estimated volume. The result shows that the risk is categorized as moderate to high level of risk, and from the sensitivity analysis, the variables that influence the most to the safety factor are LG's unit weight and cohesion and HG's friction angle. 1 Introduction PT X is an open-pit limestone mine located in Rembang, Central Java, Indonesia. In order to expand the mine to the north, it is necessary to do the slope stability analysis of its slope design. It has been stated in Azizi et al (2018) that for a single bench of each lithology with slope angle at 80°, the estimated volumes of potential failure are 181 and 163 m. Additionally, Hartanti (2018) has also concluded that the location with the lowest 3D safety factor (SF) is at the north of the pit with the SF 2,01 and estimated volume of the potential failure 185,000 m using Cuckoo Search and 190,000 m using Grid Search. Thus, the amount of the impact has been discovered. However, to know how great the risk is, it is essential to do the risk analysis. Quantification of risk of slope failure can be done by multiplying the failure probability (FP) with consequences of slope failure. Consequences of slope failure consist of the occurrence of fatalities and/or injuries to workers, loss and/or damage to company's properties, loss of reserves, environmental damage, and the cost for handling slope failure materials. One of the biggest impacts for the company is absolutely the cost that must be incurred due to the slope failure. To prevent this happening, it must be ensured that the potential failure is still in control. References that discuss further about risk analysis in open-pit mine can be seen in Contreras et al (2006), Tapia et al (2007), Read & Stacey (2009), Azizi et al (2011), Wattimena et al (2012), Kramadibrata et al (2012), Wattimena et al (2013), Kramadibrata et al (2013), Azizi et al (2013), Azizi et al (2014), Ardhi et al (2017), and Abdullah et al (2018).
azizi, Central Java, cuckoo search, Engineering, engineering department, hartanti, Indonesia, international society, international symposium, metals & mining, rembang district, risk and uncertainty assessment, risk management, rock mechanic, Rocscience, Simulation, slope stability, Symposium, universita trisakti
Genre:
- Research Report > Experimental Study (0.49)
- Research Report > New Finding (0.35)
SPE Disciplines: Management > Risk Management and Decision-Making > Risk, uncertainty, and risk assessment (1.00)
Abstract Land subsidence is a critical issue to be addressed for large cities located near the sea. The monitoring of land subsidence is vital for predicting and managing the disasters that might occur. Many methods have been established to conduct this work, such as using geotechnical monitoring instruments and applying artificial satellite technologies. Those methods can provide highly accurate measurements for small areas. However, it would be expensive and ineffective to apply them to extensive areas. Hence, a monitoring method, that is economical to conduct, can be applied quickly and continuously, and can provide accurate measurements over large areas, is needed. Multi-temporal Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (MT-DInSAR), such as the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS), is a powerful technique for meeting the above demands. And, since the lifespans of current SAR satellites are commonly designed to be around 5–7 years, continuous monitoring for longer periods by the MT-DInSAR technique is important. To deal with these types of issues, a new method is required that can utilize the data from multiple (different) satellites. In this study, a method for long-term land subsidence monitoring by MT-DInSAR, using multi-sensor data sets, is presented. Firstly, the SBAS method is performed for each time series SAR data set. Secondly, the hyperbolic fitting method is applied to estimate real values from the results of each data set. Finally, the hyperbolic curve is used to connect the results of the unlinked time series data sets. To verify this method, the land subsidence in Semarang City, Indonesia is taken as an example case. Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar 1. Introduction DInSAR is an invaluable tool for observing land surface deformation over vast areas with the high accuracy of centimeter and high-spatial resolution of 3–30 m after spatial averaging and geocoding. Moreover, DInSAR does not require the installation of any devices on the ground, and it has been widely used for detecting horizontal and vertical displacements of the land surface (Hanssen, 2002).
Abstract North Serayu basin is Java Tertiary sedimentary basins that is formed due to back arc basin and the sedimentary fills was begun in Eocene. The sediments ranged from terrestrial environment until the deep marine controlled by gliding tectonic. Oil seepages are found in some areas such as Karangkobar, Majalengka, Suruh, Klantung, Sodjomerto, and etc. This research was conducted with the aim of revealing the existence of hydrocarbons in North Srayu basin and its petroleum systems. This study focused on surface manifestation, stratigraphic cross-section measurement, and analysis of the geological structures to determine subsurface. In addition, petrographic and geochemical analysis of rock and oil samples to determine chemical and physical properties. Measuring stratigraphy at several places in Kali Tulis, Kali Worawari and Kali Desel which located in Banjarnegara, Indonesia. Geochemical analysis of rock samples of Totogan and Worawari Formation, oil seepage samples in Klantung and Karangkobar to provide the value of carbon content, and correlating the characteristic of oil and rocks. AMT measurements in Cipluk Field with to determine the subsurface condition and petroleum system hypothesis. Based on the measuring stratigraphy at several places in Kali Tulis, Kali Worawari which located in Banjarnegara composed by Worowari Formation which deposited on shallow marine environment and Kali Desel composed by Rambatan Formation which deposited on the slope of deep marine environment with turbidity system. Geochemical analysis of rock samples of Totogan and Worawari Formation has a TOC value of 1,42% with Tmax 405 °C and Rambatan Formation TOC value is 0.99%, Tmax 449 ° C, classified as Type III kerogen. Oil seepage samples TOC value is 1.3%, type III kerogen and considered quitely mature. AMT measurements in Cipluk Field showed two characters of resistivity, resistivity >1000 ohm meter indicate homogeneous folds, interpreted as Merawu and Penyatan Formation, resistivity <1000 ohm meter interpreted as Banyak, Cipluk and Kalibiuk Formation (Handayani, 2010). Oil to rock correlation represent the similarity of organic facies, indicated the Worowari and Rambatan formation potential as a source rock. Merawu dan Banyak Formation was interpreted as a potential reservoir, Cipluk and Banyak Formation as the cap of the petroleum system. Migration and trapping system through the toe thrust faulting patterns controlled by the gliding tectonic. This research objective was to provide the new information about the North-Srayu Basin petroleum system enigma. Previous publication explained the abundant oil seepages in North-Srayu area, the potential source rock, and the potential petroleum system, but none of them explained about the geochemical analysis and conducted it with structural geology. This Paper collect all of the interpretation before and provide the best possibility of North-Srayu Basin petroleum system.
Banjarnegara, central java hydrocarbon potential, fragment, geochemical characterization, Geochemistry, Halang Formation, hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon seepage, international petroleum technology conference, north serayu petroleum system, petroleum system, Reservoir Characterization, sandstone, sediment, source rock, structural geology, TOC value, totogan formation, Upstream Oil & Gas
Geologic Time:
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic > Paleogene (0.91)
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic > Neogene > Miocene (0.73)
ABSTRACT: Modern satellite technologies, i.e., GPS (Global Positioning System) and SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar), have begun to be used for monitoring deformation over extensive areas in the field of Rock Engineering. SAR is an attractive tool which does not require any devices on the ground. However, the improvement of its monitoring accuracy is a key issue for practical applications. In this paper, a simple multi-temporal analysis is proposed for this purpose. In order to verify the procedure, the monitoring of the subsidence in a city in Indonesia is shown as an example. The results are then compared to displacements measured by GPS to confirm the validity. A map of the subsidence over the large area has been generated, and it is clearly seen that the trends in subsidence depend on the ground conditions. 1 INTRODUCTION Monitoring is an important task for assessing the stability of structures and for confirming the validity of the design. It is also important for predicting risks and managing safe operations. Many methods have been established to conduct this task, such as geotechnical monitoring instruments, survey methods and artificial satellite technologies. GPS is one of the useful methods for continuously monitoring displacements over an extensive area with high accuracy (Shimizu et al. 2014). However, GPS is only capable of measuring the displacement of points which have been installed with a sensor. Thus, if monitoring is to be conducted over a large area, such as a city, a mountain, a coastal region, etc., a huge number of GPS sensors will be required. On the other hand, SAR is powerful technology for mapping the Earth's topography. In particular, Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) is a useful technique for observing the deformation of the ground surface (Hanssen 2002). DInSAR has already been applied to monitor the ground subsidence in large areas, the slope deformation in mines and landslide behavior, etc. (Raucoules et al. 2007, Hartwig et al. 2013, Akbarimehr et al. 2103), but the procedure still needs to be improved in order to obtain reliable results. In this paper, a simple procedure is proposed to obtain accurate results for the long-term monitoring of subsidence. It is a method of the multi-temporal analysis of DInSAR, which consists of many pairs of selected SAR data with a short period and a small perpendicular baseline. The method is applied to monitor the subsidence over the city of Semarang in Indonesia. The results are then compared with displacements measured by GPS to confirm the validity of the method. A map of the subsidence over the large area has been generated, and it is clearly seen that the trends in subsidence depend on the ground conditions. Moreover, the hyperbolic method is also applied to the results of Multi-Temporal DInSAR in order to smooth the data and to predict future subsidence.
Artificial Intelligence, deformation, DInSAR, displacement, Fluid Dynamics, ground condition, Indonesia, interferogram, Interferometry, land subsidence, monitoring deformation, multi-temporal dinsar, northeast area, procedure, Reservoir Characterization, SAR data, Semarang, semarang city, subsidence, synthetic aperture radar, University
SPE Disciplines:
Technology:
Gravity Surveying to Determine the Location of Intrusive in Dieng Volcanic System
Luthfian, Alutsyah (Universitas Gadjah Mada) | Hayuningtyas, Sekar Dirgantari (Universitas Gadjah Mada) | Yusuf, Mulia (Universitas Gadjah Mada) | Sidiq, Umar (Universitas Gadjah Mada) | Sentanu, Farhan Binar (Universitas Gadjah Mada)
Summary Gravity survey has been done in Pangonan Field in Dieng Volcanic System during January 14 – 19, 2015. The survey has been successful in finding two gravity anomaly peak, which related to the possible location of diorite intrusions. In Dieng Volcanic System, diorite intrusion either acts as a heat source or a geothermal reservoir. Introduction Geothermal is an emerging new source of environmentally friendly source for electric energy. As a country located near the subduction zone, Indonesia hosts many potential and producing geothermal field. One of those producing geothermal field is Dieng Volcanic System, located in the middle of Central Java, on the crossroad to Wonosobo, Banjarnegara, and Batang Regency. Up to now, the Dieng Volcanic System has been able to produce 60 MW of electric power, managed by PT Geodipa Energi Dieng. Gravity survey has been done in Dieng at 1991, covering much of its eastern part including the Pangonan Volcano. But this survey failed to delineate the occurrence of diorite intrusion found at more than 2000 meter TVD in wells located around Pangonan Volcano (Boedihardi et al., 1991). Our field campaign in northeastern side of Pangonan Volcano tries to resolve this issue, using a more detailed survey with regular measurement point spacing. The field campaign was done in 38 points on the northeast flank of Pangonan Volcano. The points were spaced roughly 180 meters each. Measurements are held from January 14 to 19, 2015 in the midst of rainy season. Field Description Pangonan Field is located on the northeast side of Pangonan Volcano of Dieng Volcanic Field. The surface of the field is composed of Pangonan Volcano volcanic edifices which is andesitic in composition. This layer covers the andesitic breccia and tuff, which is found at lower depth starting from 500 meters true vertical depth (TVD). Diorite intrusion might be met at more than 1500 meter TVD. The topography of the field was rather inclined, with elevation ranging from 2048 to 2300 meter above mean sea level. In the east, the field is bordered by Prau Caldera wall, which make the terrain correction here is rather high. At the southern end, the Pangonan Field meets Sikidang Manifestation, which performs fumaroles, boiling mud pools, and steaming ground.
anomaly, Bouguer anomaly, Bouguer anomaly map, correction, dieng volcanic system, diorite intrusion, field campaign, geophysics, geothermal field, gravity, intrusive, Pangonan Field, Pangonan Volcano, Reservoir Characterization, SEG New Orleans, Upstream Oil & Gas, upwardcontinued bouguer anomaly data
SPE Disciplines:
Samarang Integrated Operations (IO) - Tri-Node Collaborative Working Environment (CWE) Integrating People, Technology and Process
Azaman, Dzulkarnain (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd;) | Majinum-Helmi, Hendry (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd;) | Shahari, Shahrizal (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd;) | Sayung, Colinus Lajim (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd;) | Mamat, Dato' Wan (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd;) | Wong, Lee Hin (SCHLUMBERGER) | Salim, Muzahidin Muhamed (SCHLUMBERGER) | Som, M Kasim (SCHLUMBERGER) | Biniwale, Shripad (SCHLUMBERGER)
Abstract Samarang field is located offshore Sabah, with operation office in Kota Kinabalu (KK), Sabah and headquarter in Kuala Lumpur (KL). The Collaborative Working Environment (CWE) is one of the key components in Samarang Integrated Operations (IO) project, it is desired to collaborate actionable data and information across the expertise from multiple disciplines and geographically split locations in order to have faster and better decision making processes. A Tri-Node CWE was designed and implemented in Samarang IO project. It integrates new transformational technologies with integration of offshore data streaming and work processes and has enabled the followings: Collaborative expertise of multiple domain and locations across geographically split of Samarang Offshore, Sabah Operations and Headquarter Enables a more effective working environment Work processes are streamlined and automated Quality information is available and accessible across the organization Management by Exception Increase hydrocarbon production and recovery The Tri-Node CWE is adopting immersive model whereby Samarang Asset Team was co-located and work in CWE. The model is selected considering lesson learned from industry projects that if employees have to schedule the use of a separate collaboration room (Distributed Model) and leave their workspace to go there, they are less likely to do so. The Tri-Node CWE is housing Samarang Asset Team with shared visualization of data, KPIs, workflow execution with surveillance by exception, collaborative decision making with action tracking and management. The aim is to closely coordinate synergistically the decision making processes across different domains and functions in efficient manner. The implementation of Integrated Operations for Samarang Field represents a major change in the way that Semarang asset will manage the operation of Samarang in both the daily and long term operation of the field. As such it qualifies as a major technology project and Change Management is a vital and ongoing part of the alignment, planning and implementation of the project. The change management is recognized as one of important components in Samarang IO Framework to ensure stakeholders are in alignment as well as its sustainability. J.P Kotter and Prosci Adkar Change Management models are being used to execute the Change Management Plan. The goal of this paper is to describe the Tri-Node CWE & Change Management implementation in Samarang Integrated Operations project and underscore its challenges and lesson learnt in integrating data from different technologies into work processes and enables multiple petro-technical domain expertise for decision making in collaboration manner.
asset and portfolio management, collaborative working environment, Energy Conference, expertise, Implementation, knowledge management, lee hin wong, muzahidin muhamed salim, petronas carigali sdn bhd, project management, samarang asset team, samarang integrated operation, Schlumberger, strategic planning and management, surveillance, tri-node collaborative working environment, tri-node cwe, Upstream Oil & Gas
Country:
Oilfield Places: Asia > Malaysia > Sabah > South China Sea > Sabah Basin > Block SB301 > Samarang Field (0.98)
SPE Disciplines:
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Project management (1.00)
- Management > Professionalism, Training, and Education > Communities of practice (1.00)
- Management > Asset and Portfolio Management > Integrated asset modeling (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Knowledge management (1.00)
This reference is for an abstract only. A full paper was not submitted for this conference. Abstract The B-field, located on Central Java, Indonesia, is a steep flanked carbonate structure of Oligo-Miocene age with approximately 1,000 m of relief relative to the surrounding platform. The extensive formation evaluation program for large carbonate oil fields shows that geologic features such as karst and fractures can be very effective to enhance productivity and thus production but they can also provide detrimental connection between the producing oil zone and the overlying gas and underlying water zones. Characterizing this type of system is a huge challenge for reservoir simulators. This paper will discuss the results of a modeling study in characterizing the excess permeability, quantifying its impact on production, and representing its effect in simulation models. In this study, the karst features was modeled with an analogue-based dendritic pattern and the size and permeability of karst region was calibrated with production data. To model fracture excess permeability, a DFN (discrete fracture network) geologic model was built, upon which a DP (dual-porosity) simulation model was constructed. A series of DP sensitivity cases was designed and simulated to evaluate the range of production impact from fractures. Although DP model is considered the most rigorous modeling technique available for fractures, the challenges are that it normally requires long simulation time and more importantly it needs significant amount of data for model verification and calibration. From the results of reservoir characterization and production comparison, it was demonstrated that a conventional single porosity model with modifications that mimic fracture connections is appropriate for the B-field. Two modifications adopted in this study were pseudo wells and permeability enhancement in the fracture-prone area. Pseudo wells, shutting in at surface but permitting cross-flow in designated reservoir intervals, were implemented to capture premature gas / water breakthrough phenomena that often observed in naturally fractured reservoirs. The permeability enhancement was intended to represent the positive impact of fractures on production by accelerating fluid movement through tighter reservoir. The results of DP model were used as a bench mark to determine the extent of permeability enhancement.
IPTC-14826-ABSTRACT
SPE Disciplines:
Summary Indonesia lies in volcanic arc area that is related to geothermal such as in Ungaran which is located 40 km Southwest of Semarang, Central Java. Ungaran is formed by volcano tectonic depressions which form fault that shorten geothermal manifestations in Ungaran that first formed. In Ungaran, there are several geothermal manifestations such as fumaroles, hot springs, hot pools, diluted bicarbonate waters, silica sinter teraces, and altered grounds. The manifestations which are related to rock permeability is dominated by fracture permeability like in Gedongsongo, Nglimut, and Kaliulo. Gedongsongo is the main geothermal manifestations. The Ungaran geothermal system is water dominated. Temperature manifestation on surface up to 91°C which can be interpretated that the reservoir is high temperature system with minimum reservoir temperature of approximately 280oC, pH between 7-9, which is potential for geothermal energy utilizations. The geothermal study of Ungaran can be used for knowing the geothermal potency, there for it can be expoited. Introduction The Ungaran geothermal prospect area lies on the North Serayu Range, which is resulted uplift into a geoanticline during the Miocene. Gedongsongo is the main geothermal resource, associated with the upper young stratovolcanic system of Ungaran volcano. The stratovolcano consist of series of andesitic to basaltic lava and breccia with occasional interbedded tuff. This formation is overlying marine sediment formation. Chemical data of thermal manifestation such as fumarole, hot springs, and acid surface hydrothermal alteration grounds indicate that Ungaran is typical of hot water dominated system with minimum reservoir temperature of approximately 280oC. The pre-caldera volcanic rocks and the tertiary marine sedimentary rocks are inferred to be the main reservoir rocks. This system is mainly controlled by Northwest-Southeast, Northeast-Southwest and the Ungaran collapse structure that runs from West to Southeast (Budiardjo et al., 1997). Geothermal Manifestations Most of geothermal manifestation can be found in upstream part of Panjang river in Gedongsongo such as hot springs, fumaroles, warm pools, and altered grounds. The geothermal manifestation in Gedongsongo is the main object of the research. The geothermal manifestation which comes up in the south side of Ungaran (Banaran) is diluted bicarbonate water, the north side of Ungaran (Gonoharjo) is hot springs, Kendalisodo Mountain (hot springs), Diwak (warm-hot springs) and Kaliulo (hot springs). The surface geothermal manifestation temperature in Ungaran is between 34oC (Kaliulo with 364 m msl) to 91oC (Gedongsongo with 1300 m msl). Geophysics Studies Geophysics exploration which have been done consists of gravity, geomagnetic, and Magnetotelluric. Geomagnetic anomaly shows that the north side of Gedongsongo, characterized with very low negative anomaly lower than - 44500 nT, while in Darum and Ngipik the anomaly is quite low that is less than -400 nT with 400 m width (Gaffar et al., 2006). The value of susceptibility sediment in Gedongsongo is very low, it is 0.0020 emu (Nuridyanto et al., 2004). The gravity anomaly around Gedongsongo shows lower value, less than 10 mGal and tends to be lower in the north peak of Ungaran (Gaffar et al., 2006). The highest heat anomaly in Kali Panjang, the upstream of Gedongsongo, is 54oC, while its surrounding area is 20-30oC.
anomaly, conductivity value, fumarole, Gedongsongo, geothermal manifestation, geothermal study, Geothermal System, hot springs, Indonesia, international exposition, lineament, low anomaly, manifestation, proceedings, recharge area, renewable energy, reservoir temperature, resistivity value, seg houston 2009, Ungaran
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Non-Traditional Resources > Geothermal resources (1.00)
The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effects on the sea level of the Java Sea are studied using the time lag analysis and the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). The time lag analysis results show that the time lags among wind, Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and sea level changes are 0 to 2 month lag. The HYCOM-estimated sea levels are validated using tide gauge sea levels. Due to the shallowness of the Java Sea, the wind-induced mixed layer is easily reaches to the bottom. The HYCOM-estimated volume transport is compared with European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellite wind vectors. The HYCOM results show that the ENSO effects on the sea level greater than the wind effect. INTRODUCTION Jakarta, Semarang and Surabaya, which are located along the northern coast of the Java Island, are easily affected by the sea level change of the Java Sea. This condition is worsened by the land subsidence along the North Jakarta, and Semarang since 1980s (Hirose et al., 2001). Subsidence level in Jakarta measured by using JERS-1 SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) was around 10 cm from 1993 to 1995 and 6 cm from 1995 to 1998. The Java Sea is a shallow body of sea and has average depths of around 40 to 50 meters. A map showing the location of the Java Sea has been depicted in Fig. 1. The Java Sea is bordered by the Kalimantan Island on the north, the Java Island on the south, the Sumatra Island on the west, the southern Makassar Strait on the east, the Karimata Strait on the northwest, and the Sunda Strait on the southwest. Past observation (Gordon et al., 2003) and ocean model results (Sofian et al., 2006a) show that the northwest monsoon wind drives the Java Sea low-salinity surface water move to the southern Makassar Strait during the northwest monsoon from October to March.
Country:
SPE Disciplines:
Mathematical Model of Spit Growth In Serayu Estuary, Central Java, Indonesia
Salim, HangTuah (Department of Ocean Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology) | Kusuma, Syahril Badri (Department of Ocean Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology) | Nazili, Nazili (Department of Ocean Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology)
ABSTRACT Due to the economic crisis struck the South Asian State in 1997, Indonesia experience the worst impact among other Nations in the region, the construction of power plant has been slowing down. In order to catch up with the power demand, several coal power plants are being constructed. One of them is Cilacap Coal Fire Power plant sited near Serayu river mouth. The morphology of the river mouth is very dynamic; it changes accordingly due to waves, tides, and upland flow. A mathematical model which incorporates all the driving forces caused by waves, tides, and upland flow was developed in order to predict the morphological changes caused by the construction of power plant facilities such as cooling water intake, water discharge, and coal unloading terminal. The input of the model are tidal elevations, wave climate predicted by hind casting, upland flow, bathymetry, and sediment properties. The model was verified and calibrated by the actual morphological change taking place in the river mouth. The model was used to predict the morphological changes, sedimentation in the harbor basin of coal unloading terminal, and the bathymetric changes. This model has helped the engineer in planning and designing the coastal protection measures. INTRODUCTION State electric power company PT PLN is responsible for providing the electricity to the public. Increasing demand for power has forced PT PLN to allow private company own the power plant and its power will be bought by PT PLN with prenegosiated price. High cost of fossil fuel caused the government to transform the diesel power plant to more economical coal fired power plant and to promote the third party to build new power plants. Private sectors have strong interest in this business and one of the private power plant is being built in the estuary of Serayu river whose
Artificial Intelligence, bed change model, bed dissipation, breakwater, Central Java, change model, cutoff, elevation, Engineering, equation, hydrodynamic model, logic & formal reasoning, logic programming, mathematical model, modeling, morphological change, power plant, river mouth, sediment model, serayu estuary, spit growth, water management, wave model
Country:
- Asia > Indonesia > Central Java (0.40)
- North America > United States > California (0.29)
Industry:
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