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Collaborating Authors
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Well Testing by Multiphase Flow Meter in Ogdcl Nashpa Field
Hussain, Shahid (Agar Corporation Inc) | Fasih, Muhammad (Oil & Gas Dev. Company Limited) | Sheikh, Ahsan (Oil & Gas Dev. Company Limited) | Qayyum, Faisal (Oil & Gas Dev. Company Limited) | Ali, Ashraf (Oil & Gas Dev. Company Limited) | Qureshi, Imran (Integrated Well Services & Solutions)
Abstract The numerous advantages and benefits of Multiphase Flow Meters (MPFM) experienced globally by major oil & gas operating companies were studied by and have driven OGDCL for using MPFM for well testing their challenging fields. During the past year, OGDCL has installed, field-tested and deployed their first multiphase flow meter at Nashpa oil field. The objective of the field-testing program of the MPFM was to establish the meter ability to accurately measure the three production phases (oil, water, and gas) and to determine meter reliability in a field environment. During trial testing, the MPFM flow rates were compared to reference conventional test separators and storage tanks within the allowable accuracy bands. Both the meter accuracy and operational reliability were satisfactory to OGDCL acceptance criteria. The application of MPFMs in OGDCL production operations will provide continuous on-line well production monitoring and eliminate large conventional test separators and test lines. As a result, tremendous economic savings would be realized due to a significant reduction in capital and operating expenditures associated with well-testing activities. The MPFM covers a wide range of multiphase applications at several different oil and gas-condensate fields. This technically developed, compact non-radioactive MPFM is targeted for testing wells at remote onshore fields and for future potential unmanned offshore platforms, where weight and space are major concerns. Currently, in OGDCL the combination of MPFM technology with a well-designed test plan is leading to the optimization of the well performance Continuous well-test data being obtained from MPFM is leading to accurate production allocation and better reservoir management. Thus, the introduction of online Multi-phase Flow Metering (MPFM) technology presents a reliable alternative to conventional test separators for well testing and flow measurement in Pakistan's oil and gas industry. This overcomes the limitation of conventional well testing means and technologies to operate with higher gas volume fraction, varying water cut and changing dynamics of the multi-phase flow. This paper discusses in detail the success story of multiphase flow meter (MPFM) and its application program in OGDCL. The paper also presents an overview of MPFM technology. This will add to the existing SPE literature a focused technical paper describing the MPFM installation and application experience in OGDCL Pakistan that can be used as a reference by other operating companies, academic personnel, R&D organizations and New Technology promoters in the country.
accuracy, application, conventional test separator, dip tank, flow metering, MPFM, multiphase flow meter, nashpa field, nashpa oil & gas field, Ogdcl, ogdcl nashpa field, operation, Petroleum Engineer, production control, production monitoring, proration factor, reference measurement, Reservoir Surveillance, separation, test program, test separator, Upstream Oil & Gas, well testing
Production & Reserves Allocation Using a Molar Equation in Gas Condensate Fractured Reservoir Without PSP Survey
Shahid, Muhammad Hasan (Reservoir Engineering Department Ocean Pakistan Limited Islamabad Pakistan) | Akhtar, Muhammad Saeed (Reservoir Engineering Department Ocean Pakistan Limited Islamabad Pakistan) | Shakeel, Mariam (Reservoir Engineering Department Ocean Pakistan Limited Islamabad Pakistan)
Abstract The Ratana Field is a gas condensate field located in the Potwar Basin of Pakistan, discovered in 1990. The field comprises several stacked reservoirs in a thrusted anticlinal fold with two main reservoir compartments, an eastern and a western, which are separated by the main thrusts, but appear to be in pressure continuity through a fracture network. Ratana-2 was the first well drilled in the western compartment which came on production from the Paleocene Patala Formation limestone reservoir and is a major producer in the field. Ratana-2 was subsequently deepened to the Jurassic Datta Formation but because of a stuck drill string in the hole all penetrated reservoirs (Chorgali/Sakesar, Patala, Lockhart and Datta) have been open to flow since November 2009. Well interventions are not therefore possible in Ratana-2 and production and reserves allocation based on limited dynamic data are thus very challenging. Surface-based parameters including water and gas composition analysis, wellhead shut-in pressures, surface production rates and other relevant data were used to perform production and reserves allocation by using a molar equation. The results of the molar equation predictions were cross-checked with the data from nearby well Ratana-4 which is also producing commingled from Paleocene and Jurassic age reservoirs since November 2015. Production logging surveys were acquired twice in over a period of six months and were consistent with the molar equation-derived formation-wise production allocation. Subsequently, the molar equation was used on the available surface data of Ratana-2 for the formation-wise production and reserves allocation and indicates for the first time that the Lockhart Formation as is a contributing reservoir in the Ratana Field and enabling the Lockhart Formation reserves to be booked after seven years of production.
Bscf, chorgali sakesar, co 2, complex reservoir, condensate reservoir, cumulative production, gas condensate fractured reservoir, Lockhart, Mmstb, molar equation, production & reserve allocation, production control, production monitoring, ratana field, ratana-2, ratana-4, reservoir, Reservoir Surveillance, Upstream Oil & Gas, western compartment
Oilfield Places:
- Asia > Pakistan > Upper Indus Basin > Potwar Basin (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Punjab > Chakwal District > Upper Indus Basin > Potwar Basin > Wargal Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Karak District > Lockhart Formation (0.99)
First Application of New Conveyance Technique to Acquire Electric Log Data in Complex Hole Conditions in Margala North and Tal Blocks of Northern Potwar Deform Zone and Kohat Basin, Pakistan
Farooq, Umar (MOL Pakistan) | Ahmed, Jawad (MOL Pakistan) | Ali, Saqib (MOL Pakistan) | Tashfeen, Muhammad (MOL Pakistan) | Shah, Khurram Abbas (MOL Pakistan) | Siddiqi, Farrukh (Weatherford Oil Tool Middle East) | Ali, Chand (Weatherford Oil Tool Middle East)
ABSTRACT This paper presents the first real field application of Electric logging in Pakistan with a new conveyance Technique in order to acquire logging data where conventional Wireline logging data acquisition is not possible due to complex bore hole condition (depth, deviation and hole size etc.). The new logging technique was successfully conducted on a wild cat exploratory and a development well in Margala North & Tal Blocks respectively. Open-hole logs data was acquired from potential reservoir zones that under normal wireline logging conditions would not have been possible due to high risk of sticking or losing the well due to presence of radioactive sources in the tool string. In this new technique, logging tools are conveyed to TD inside the drill pipe by wireline or by pumping them with a specialized piston. Once tools reach the TD, they are pumped out of the drill pipe and latched at the bottom, and then pipes are pulled up while data is recorded by the tools hooked with drill pipes. In some of the runs, the logs were acquired while pipes were constantly rotated and mud was circulated through. The logs acquired through this technique consisted of Laterolog Resistivity, Neutron Porosity, Bulk Density & PE, Sonic Porosity Cross Dipole Sonic and Formation Imaging. The successful application of this technique in Pakistan has opened new ways to acquire logs data in challenging bore-hole conditions with logging tools and radioactive sources being at low risk of losing down hole.
doi: 10.2118/181134-MS
SPE-181134-MS
Oilfield Places:
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Kohat Basin > Kawagarh Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Kazakhstan > Aktobe Oblast > Precaspian Basin > North Block (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Upper Indus Basin > Potwar Basin > Tal Block (0.94)
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
Transformation of Failure to Success in Revival of Production by Overcoming Reservoir Damage in Carbonate Fractured Reservoir (Case Study)
Jadoon, M. Saeed (1 Oil and Gas Development Company Limited) | Majeed, Arsahd (1 Oil and Gas Development Company Limited) | Bhatti, Abid Husain (1 Oil and Gas Development Company Limited) | Akram, Mian M. (1 Oil and Gas Development Company Limited) | Saqi, Muhammad Ishaq (2 Pakistan Petroleum Limited)
Abstract Balanced drilling through naturally fractured reservoir and controlling loss for preventing reservoir damage and rehabilitation of normal production is a serious challenge in the Kohat-Potwar basin of Pakistan. The potential of hydrocarbons in these reservoir rocks has been masked by the overbalance drilling practices in this region. Due to overbalance drilling in fractured reservoirs and the use of heavy mud with barite blocks the fractures and that results in little or no flow during DST. The negative results of DSTs usually force the decision makers either to abandon the well or to re-test and establish the connectivity between the formation and the well bore. The well under study was drilled in fractured carbonate reservoir rock to a depth of more than 5000 meters in Kohat–Potwar basin to target Datta and Lockhart formations. During drilling, due to complexities, well could not reach the Datta formation. No wire line and image logs could be obtained in Lockhart formation due to slim hole. The last 5-7/8 inch hole of this well had to be drilled by using Oil Based Mud (OBM) to control well bore instability, the same mud was used in the reservoir sections. During drilling, losses were observed in the reservoir section. On the basis of drilling information, the well was directly completed in the Lockhart formation. After completion, well was allowed to flow but no hydrocarbon surfaced. As Lockhart formation is proven producer, and it became a challenge to evaluate the reservoir for its production potential and to find out the causes of no flow from the formation. After negative results of well test, all the data of G & G and mud logging was reviewed and detailed analysis of fractures network over the field were carried out to understand the well behavior. The data revealed that mud losses during drilling are indicative of fracture's presence in the tested zone(s) and fractures may have been plugged resulting in no flow during test. It was realized that reservoir has potential but connectivity between formation and the well bore need to be enhanced. Even after no flow during initial testing of the well for long period, bold decision of cleaning of the well was under taken andseries of Nitrogen kick off jobs were undertaken to facilitate the well to flow. The nitrogen kick off werecontinued for four months, longest cleaning job ever undertaken in Pakistan and close monitoring of well was put inplace. After four months, WHFP started improving and flow of the hydrocarbons was observed and finally 730 bbl/d of oil and 1.6MMscfdgas were recorded. After the flow of the well, stimulation, with special recipe after lab experiments for OBM, wascarriedout with very encouraging results. After producing about one year, the well is still cleaning under natural flow. In this paper, we would try to share our experiences about the use of OBM in fractured carbonate reservoirs, fracture characterization, reservoir damage and its remedial jobs. In addition to this, well performance, well cleaning and stimulation methodology, evaluation of non-flow behavior of well during initial testing and the lessons learned to transform failure to success will be explained.
carbonate fractured reservoir, carbonate reservoir, complex reservoir, drilling fluid chemistry, drilling fluid formulation, drilling fluid management & disposal, drilling fluid property, drilling fluid selection and formulation, drilling fluids and materials, fluid loss control, fracture, hydrocarbon, Lockhart formation, lockhart limestone, mela-3, nitrogen, Ogdcl, overcoming reservoir damage, Pakistan, Petroleum Engineer, reservoir, reservoir section, spe 163125, Upstream Oil & Gas, well bore
Oilfield Places:
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Kohat Basin > Kawagarh Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Karak District > Lockhart Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Peshawar District > Kohat Basin > Kohat Block (0.97)
SPE Disciplines:
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid selection and formulation (chemistry, properties) (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid management & disposal (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Naturally-fractured reservoirs (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Carbonate reservoirs (1.00)
An Integrated Approach to Evaluate Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoir in TAL Block, Kohat Basin
llyas, Asad (MOL Pakistan Oil & Gas Co. B.V Islamabad-Pakistan) | Farooq, Umar (MOL Pakistan Oil & Gas Co. B.V Islamabad-Pakistan) | Ahmad, Jawad (MOL Pakistan Oil & Gas Co. B.V Islamabad-Pakistan) | Saleem, Omer (MOL Pakistan Oil & Gas Co. B.V Islamabad-Pakistan) | Palekar, Arshad Hussain (Schlumberger, Islamabad-Pakistan) | Ramzan, Muhammad (Schlumberger, Islamabad-Pakistan) | Siddiqui, Faraz Hassan (Schlumberger, Islamabad-Pakistan)
ABSTRACT Petroleum play in North Pakistan comprises of naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR) both in clastics and carbonates. These fractures play key role in the determination of reservoir quality and production behavior of the formations and is a subject of interest for E & P companies particularly working in Kohat Plateau. In TAL Block, naturally fractured Lockhart formation has very low matrix porosity and fractures provide the main source for storage and fluid flow in it. It has also been observed that all the fracture sets in carbonate reservoirs do not contribute to flow. Flow variations have been observed with different fracture trends identified from open-hole logs based on their connectivity, fracture apertures and secondary porosity. This leads to the development of an integrated approach using existing information from open hole logs, image logs, formation tester and production logs to optimize the reservoir modeling, history matching and selection of future perforation intervals. In this paper, data from six wells located in different structures in TAL Block has been utilized to study the behavior of naturally fractured carbonate reservoir. During the study, it was observed that in some wells, the top part of Lockhart formation was contributing more to production while in others, the bottom part was more productive. These flow variations could be associated with different fracture trends, their connectivity, fracture apertures and secondary porosity. This problem was addressed by sub-dividing Lockhart in to different layers/facies based on fracture evaluation (types, density, secondary porosity, nodularity and rock texture), open hole logs, formation tester results and production logs interpretation.
Oilfield Places:
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Upper Indus Basin > Potwar Basin > Tal Block (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Kohat Basin > Kawagarh Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Karak District > Lockhart Formation (0.99)
- (2 more...)
SPE Disciplines:
Development of Low Permeability Carbonate Reservoir in Depleted Sand Producing Gas Field - A Case Study
Majeed, Arshad (Oil and Gas Development Company Ltd. Islamabad) | Khan Jadoon, Mohammad Saeed (Oil and Gas Development Company Ltd. Islamabad) | Jahangir, Saleem (Oil and Gas Development Company Ltd. Islamabad) | Andrabi, Aftab Hussain (Oil and Gas Development Company Ltd. Islamabad) | Ahmed, Bashir (Oil and Gas Development Company Ltd. Islamabad)
ABSTRACT Exploration and exploitation of low permeability gas reservoirs in mature developed field is a challenge. It involves re-evaluation and characterization of reservoir properties of the producing zones. As the field understudy is mature and needs to understand the different pressure regimes and available gas potential in depleted and un-depleted zones before embarking on the exploitation of these low permeability reservoir. In past, development of low permeability reservoir was considered uneconomical due to low flow rate and longer pay out time. However, present gas prices and existence of infrastructure of surface facilities on field shifts the negative economics of low gas flow rates to positive direction. Consequently, any gas flow rates are deemed to be economical and a source of extra revenue. In this field, both carbonate and sandstone are producing reservoirs. Carbonates are of low permeability reservoir while sandstone is fragile and represent high permeability reservoir. Initially DSTs were conducted in both reservoirs while wells were completed in sand stone reservoir. Due to the fragile nature of the sandstone formation, gravel pack completion was used to avoid sand production. Initially, high permeability sand stone formation was produced. Volumetric and dynamic data was collected and analyzed to determine the undepleted part of the reservoir. The dynamic data indicated that low permeability reservoir has insignificant contribution and needs to be developed. Petrophysical properties of the carbonate reservoir were reviewed; new DST was conducted in the carbonate reservoir. During DST, longer build up was planned for reliable pressure data. After DST analysis, it was observed that it is low permeability reservoir with high skin value and need to be stimulated. Acid stimulation was carried out that have resulted in significant improvement and the well was put on production with sustainable production rate. In this paper, integrated approach of evaluation of geological and dynamic data that have resulted in successful recompletion of wells in low permeability carbonate reservoir will be discussed. The lesson learned from this successful evaluation and production of low permeability reservoir can be used for the exploitation of these reservoirs in the country.
Oilfield Places:
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Karak District > Shinawari Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa > Karak District > Samanasuk Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Pakistan > Sindh > Panjpir Field (0.98)
- Asia > Pakistan > Sindh > Nandpur Field (0.98)
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (1.00)
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