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The PDF file of this paper is in Russian. In 2019 Zarubezhneft started a project on developing mature fields in Southern part of Fergana Valley by creating a joint venture with Uzbekneftegas JSC – ANDIJANPETRO LLC. First development of the assets started in 1945 with current number of 775 drilled wells with density of 1–9 ha/well; now 90% of the well stock is abandoned; some wells are idle or awaiting abandonment. Producing wells can be characterized as highly deteriorated. At the start of the project, the primary task was to perform a quick evaluation of the assets with sparse data quality and availability. The first steps were data collection and physical inspection of subsurface equipment and field infrastructure. Data collection was complicated by a fact that initial data was dispersed between different companies and institutes on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan and by a fact that all the source data was in all cases a hard copy. Research Institute VNIINeft (subsidiary of Zarubazhneft Group) in cooperation with Zarubazhneft carried out extensive work including digitization and analysis of all available data. Modern data evaluation methods allowed to determine and prioritize workovers in order to increase oil production. Precise data quality control and screening has been performed to define inconsistencies in initial geological data. Infrastructure inspection has been performed during a series of field trips and required not only visual control, but also well position determination, precise technical verification of well hardware and pumps in order to update current status of each well. Based on the data collected, well history has been reconstructed; data included production, design and workovers. Perophysical evaluation of digitized well logs and local reinterpretation of available 3D seismic data has been performed. Together with well test data and production history, it allowed to determined missed pay zones and potential exploration targets. As a result a field development scenario has been prepared that indicates that production could be raised four times and that leads to a new level of project's economics. Collection and analysis of well data form 1950's–1970's is ongoing. All initial information and firstly well logs are still being analyzed. Different probabilistic scenarios are being made for geological features in order to estimate potential target areas, evaluate residual reserves and resources. All this information is being arranged into a uniform database that can definitively revitalize mature fields of Fergana Valley.
Lin, Yaping (Research institute of petroleum exploration & development, CNPC) | Wu, Tiezhuang (China national oil and gas exploration and development corporation) | Kong, Linghong (Research institute of petroleum exploration & development, CNPC) | Zheng, Junzhang (Research institute of petroleum exploration & development, CNPC) | Song, Lianteng (Research institute of petroleum exploration & development, CNPC) | Tan, Liyong (Greatwall drilling company) | Guo, Chaosheng (Bureau of geophysical prospecting)
Abstract In this study, the outcrops, core-data, well-logging, and rock thin-film were used. Based on the core lithfacies, single-well and multi-wells sedimentary facies, and the structure texture, the Mesozoic and Cenozoic reservoirs were studied in the central depression zone of the Fergana Basin. In this paper, the petrological characteristics, pore structure and diagenesis characteristics of the reservoirs were systematically studied on the base of thin-film (slice), scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction of clay minerals, physical property analysis and constant velocity mercury intrusion. The reservoir differentiation in this area was analyzed. The genesis and the formation conditions of relatively high-permeability high-quality reservoirs were surveyed, it is believed that high-quality sandstone reservoirs are mainly developed in relatively high-structured sandstones, and the reservoirs are strongly squeezed or stretched to increase the original porosity. The presence of ultra-high pressure (pressure coefficient > 2.0) allows the original relative high porosity to be well preserved. The high energy and thick-layer river sand bodies in the delta front are the basis for the formation of relatively high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirs in this study area. The high-pressure and ring-side cementation formed by rapid deposition facilitates the preservation of intergranular pores and is the native of relatively high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirs. The key to pore preservation, in addition, the dissolution contributes to the formation of relatively high porosity and high permeability reservoir pores. The study suggests that the high-quality sandstone reservoirs in the central depression of Fergana are formed by the following factors: high-yield reservoirs are mainly controlled by sedimentary features, structural features, channel sandstones, pore structures, ultra-high pressure, and lithologic characteristics. According to these control factors, the author divides the reservoirs in this study area into three categories: Class I—high-porosity and high-permeability reservoirs with porosity above 17% and permeability of 87-2417md; Class II—medium-hole high-permeability reservoirs, porosity is 8-17%, permeability is 1.2-116md; Class III—low porosity and low permeability reservoir, porosity is less than 8%, permeability is less than 1.2md; the main reservoir of the study area is clearly defined The characteristics of the main strata, the characteristics of the high-quality sandstone reservoirs, and the distribution facies. This study is a kind of exploration of reservoir porosiry of the central depression in the Fergana Basin, it analyzes the relevant laws and characteristics of reservoirs in the deep formation of this area, and provides suggestions for the research and development of the region.
Abstract Oil spill response is generally considered to be a maritime issue. Despite not necessarily receiving the most coverage, inland spills do happen and may actually occur more frequently than we perceive. In fact, one of the largest spills found in literature is the 1992 Fergana Valley spill in Uzbekistan (more than 80 million gallons). As such, the challenges faced in responding to an inland spill merit wider discussion. Many inland oil fields are located in regions of extreme climate where conditions can be brutal. Responders, who are not acclimatised, will find working in these conditions tough when they are on-site. This, coupled with the harsh terrain, will increase the risks exposed to responders. As such, it is important to put in place guidelines and measures to ensure the health and safety of personnel. In some situations, difficulty in communications between different teams may arise due to the large area of operations. This can be further exacerbated by the surroundings; for instance, teams may be located in different low-lying regions separated by highlands rendering communications via mobile phone - and sometimes, even satellite phones - ineffective. Measures must therefore be put in place to ensure that the security of all personnel is not compromised. Inland oil fields are often in remote locations which makes response an extremely complicated logistical exercise. Conventional oil spill response equipment such as booms and skimmers may be inappropriate and strategies employing manual clean up will likely be required. Additionally, the inaccessibility presents another set of problems pertaining to waste management. This paper discusses the key issues faced during an inland oil spill response. The paper will use a case example from the recent Yemen oil spill to discuss the pertinent operational issues. Introduction Based on the statistics published by the Oil Spill Intelligence Report (1999), of the ten largest spill in history (by volume), three of the spills were inland spills. The largest inland spill ever reported was the Fergana Valley spill, Uzbekistan at 88 million gallons. This is also the third largest oil spill recorded in literature. Table 1 below lists out the largest spills by volume. Despite supporting facts and figures suggesting the likelihood of oil spill occurring both inland and offshore, oil spill response is generally considered more of a maritime issue.