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Collaborating Authors
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
On the use of dense seismic noise arrays for groundwater resources monitoring: Results from a controlled infiltration experiment in a water catchment site
Garambois, Stéphane (ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes & CNRS) | Gaubert-Bastide, Thomas (ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes & CNRS and Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour) | Bordes, Clarisse (Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour) | Sanchez Trujillo, Camila (ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes & CNRS) | Voisin, Christophe (ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes & CNRS) | Brito, Daniel (ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes & CNRS) | Roux, Philippe (ISTerre, Université Grenoble Alpes & CNRS)
Water resource management is a current crucial socio-economic issue that requires the development of high resolution monitoring techniques, including non-invasive hydrogeophysical methods. Among them, passive seismic image interferometry (PII) offers an important potential in terms of characterization and monitoring of the crust such as environmental processes. Here, we propose to image and monitor with a dense passive seismic network, made of 99 geophones, the controlled groundwater changes artificially generated by infiltration ponds present at the urban water field supplying the Lyon Metropolis (France). Besides static imaging of the site (an area of roughly 600*350 m), we could assess the hourly seismic velocity variations over 19 days during which two filling/drainage cycles of a water basin occurred. The density of seismic stations offers the possibility to produce high resolution multi-frequency seismic velocity variation maps. The continuous recording could highlight the implementation and hourly evolution of a hydraulic dome, which should act as a bulwark expect to limit river/water table exchanges in case of river pollution.
applied geoscience, basin, dense seismic network, evolution, experiment, exploration geophysicist 10, groundwater, groundwater resource, infiltration experiment, iteration, Piezometer, Reservoir Characterization, resolution, seismic network, sensor, station pair, table variation, Upstream Oil & Gas, variation, velocity variation, volcano
Genre:
- Research Report > Experimental Study (1.00)
- Research Report > Strength High (0.87)
Geophysics:
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Passive Seismic Surveying (1.00)
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
Rami Harkouss currently teaches at Beirut Arab University (BAU) and is the faculty advisor of the SPE BAU chapter. Harkouss is an active participant in the society; he is a member of the Lebanese Order of Engineers and a representative of BAU in Gas and Oil Processing, a European Lebanese Cooperation project. He is a reviewer of technical articles and has published papers on his research. Harkouss is the chairman of the NL TC 67 Committee responsible for the “materials, equipment, and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries” in Lebanon. He is the recipient of many awards, including the 2019 Student Chapter Excellence Award, and winning first place in ADIPEC University Program in 2017 and BAU’s Engineering Projects Day in 2015. Harkouss holds a BE in drilling engineering from Petroleum University of Technology (Ahwaz-Iran), a master’s degree from École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, and a PhD in process chemical engineering from École Nationale Supérieure des Industries Chimiques, France.
Country:
- Europe > France > Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes > Puy-de-Dôme > Clermont-Ferrand (0.30)
- Asia > Middle East > Lebanon > Beirut > Beirut (0.30)
- Asia > Middle East > Iran > Khuzestan > Ahvaz (0.30)
Industry:
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.65)
- Education > Educational Setting > Higher Education (0.65)
Rami Harkouss currently teaches at Beirut Arab University (BAU) and is the faculty advisor of the SPE BAU chapter. Harkouss is an active participant in the society; he is a member of the Lebanese Order of Engineers and a representative of BAU in Gas and Oil Processing, a European Lebanese Cooperation project. He is a reviewer of technical articles and has published papers on his research. Harkouss is the chairman of the NL TC 67 Committee responsible for the “materials, equipment, and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries” in Lebanon. He is the recipient of many awards, including the 2019 Student Chapter Excellence Award, and winning first place in ADIPEC University Program in 2017 and BAU’s Engineering Projects Day in 2015. Harkouss holds a BE in drilling engineering from Petroleum University of Technology (Ahwaz-Iran), a master’s degree from École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, and a PhD in process chemical engineering from École Nationale Supérieure des Industries Chimiques, France.
Country:
- Europe > France > Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes > Puy-de-Dôme > Clermont-Ferrand (0.30)
- Asia > Middle East > Lebanon > Beirut > Beirut (0.30)
- Asia > Middle East > Iran > Khuzestan > Ahvaz (0.30)
Industry:
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.65)
- Education > Educational Setting > Higher Education (0.65)
A Mineralogical Re-Use Classification Model of Molasse Rock Mass in the Geneva Basin
Haas, M. (Chair of Subsurface Engineering / European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)) | De Haller, A. (University of Geneva) | Moscariello, A. (University of Geneva) | Scibile, L. (European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)) | Benedikt, M. (European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)) | Gegenhuber, N. (Chair of Subsurface Engineering) | Galler, R. (Chair of Subsurface Engineering)
Abstract The Future Circular Collider (FCC) aims to become the largest and most powerful particle accelerator in the world located in parts of France and Switzerland. In order to host such an ambitious machine, a tunnel with a length of 97.75 km is currently under feasibility study at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). One of the study's main challenge is the handling of more than 9.1 million m3 of tunnel excavation material. As a matter of fact, this requires a sophisticated geo-scientific and technical classification of FCC's proposed excavated geological units, respectively the molasse rock mass, in terms of re-use and disposal scenarios and to generally considerate its environmental and economic impact. The paper casts a glance at the arising scientific opportunity to classify the excavated tunnel material in future using a mineralogical approach from macroscopic to microscopic scale. Analyses show nickel and chromium minerals within the upper and anhydrite in the upper and lower molasse parts. Nickel and chromium concentrations pollute the molasse rock mass but could imply potential mining as a re-use scenario. Anhydrite likely causes tunnel construction issues when in contact with water. The proposed classification model serves as a link to French and Swiss legislation as well as an European technical guideline concerning re-use of tunnel excavation material on any international construction site. It simplifies and delivers the basis for future contractual models from a client's and contractor's perspective under conditions and protection of national, international and European Union legislation. 1 Introduction Within the last decade, the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) initiated several feasibility studies to build a future collider facing the physical challenges of the 21st century (Zimmermann 2015). A new collider should aim to supersede the current 27 km Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in terms of energy and luminosity. Currently, the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HLLHC) project is upgraded to prepare for the next collider (Acar et al. 2017). However, looking beyond the next decade, a more powerful machine will be required. Hence, study efforts resulted in the final outcome named the Future Circular Collider (FCC) located in the canton Geneva, Switzerland and the French region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes as depicted in Fig. 1. Its scope has been extensively examined with the intent to start physical measurements by 2040 (Abada et al. 2019a, b, c). The remaining time gap tends to investigate the subsurface being part of the geological Western Alpine Molasse Basin in terms of environmental, civil engineering and geological considerations and feasibility.
anhydrite, Artificial Intelligence, borehole depth, classification, collider, construction site, different borehole depth, eurock 2020, european organization, excavation material, geneva basin, information management, lithotype, machine learning, mineralogical re-use classification model, molasse rock mass, nuclear research, Qemscan, Reservoir Characterization, structural geology, Switzerland, Upstream Oil & Gas
Industry:
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government (0.97)
Oilfield Places:
- Europe > Switzerland > Molasse Basin (0.99)
- Asia > Thailand > Gulf of Thailand > Western Basin (0.97)
SPE Disciplines:
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management (0.95)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Artificial intelligence (0.72)
Technology:
Use of passive-source seismic and magnetotellurics data in exploration of a fold-thrust belt
Kirschner, David (Shell International Exploration and Production) | McAllister, Eddie (Shell Upstream Albania) | Davies, Christine (Shell Upstream Albania) | Campman, Xander (Shell Global Solutions International) | Duijndam, Bart (Shell Global Solutions International) | Li, Junlun (formerly with Shell International Exploration and Production) | Marquis, Guy (formerly with Shell International Exploration and Production)
ABSTRACT An integrated passive-source seismic and magnetotelluric study was executed in the Dinaride fold-thrust belt of central Albania in 2016. Ambient-noise surface waves originating from the North Atlantic and Mediterranean were recorded on a 380-node network that was deployed over a 500 km2 area for three months. Several hundred earthquakes were also recorded on the network. The data was analyzed by Sisprobe (Grenoble) to generate velocity cubes of the subsurface. Additional seismic data was recorded during a two-week deployment of 280 nodes along a 2D line. Magnetotelluric data was acquired at 105 sites and processed by Schlumberger (Milan) to generate a subsurface resistivity volume for two portions of the AOI. The results of these studies provide a three-dimensional image of the fold-thrust belt that helps explore the area. Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 17, 2018 Start Time: 1:50:00 PM Location: Poster Station 14 Presentation Type: Poster
SEG-2018-2996957
Albania, carbonate thrust sheet, cross-section, deployment, dinaride fold-thrust belt, Earthquake, exploration, fold-thrust belt, magnetotelluric data, node, regional deployment, Reservoir Characterization, seg 10, seg international exposition, shell international exploration, siliciclastic sediment, surface geology, thrust sheet, Upstream Oil & Gas
Geophysics:
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Electromagnetic Surveying (1.00)
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
Abstract Water injection has been used to increase oil recovery since the late 19 century. For over 100 years, the mechanisms behind this incremental oil recovery have been thought of as physical, i.e. the injection of water maintains reservoir pressure and sweeps the mobilised oil to the producing well. In the last decade this premise has been questioned and through the development of BP's LoSal™ EOR technology, it is now recognised that oil recovery through waterflooding also involves chemical processes and that modifying the brine chemistry of the injection water can significantly impact the observed recovery. Several hypotheses regarding the mechanism involved with low salinity waterflooding have been discussed in the literature. In 2006, BP published a proposed mechanism for this phenomenon based upon multicomponent ion exchange (MIE) triggered by expansion of the electric double layer at the mineral surfaces that bind the oil. This paper describes on going research studies focused on advancing the understanding of these mechanisms using sophisticated physical chemistry techniques such as Small Angle Scattering using neutrons from the ILL facility in Grenoble, France and the ISIS facility at the Rutherford Appleton laboratory, UK and X-rays at the DIAMOND Light source, Oxon. These techniques are capable of measuring the thickness of any water layer at the mineral surface down to the Angstrom level. Results to date provide some support for the BP published mechanism. They have shown the presence of a thin water layer and its variation with changes in the salinity of the water medium at model silica and clay-like surfaces, with attached (model) polar oil components, suspended in oils. Furthermore, the impact of cation-type on the water-layer thickness has also been demonstrated.
cation, concentration, dispersion, divalent ion, enhanced recovery, instrument, mechanism, monovalent cation, neutron, neutron scattering, particle, Petroleum Engineer, salinity, scattering, spe 129722, thin water layer, Upstream Oil & Gas, variation, water layer, water layer thickness, water management, waterflooding
SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery > Waterflooding (1.00)
ABSTRACT The National Road RN 91 has been threatened for about twenty-five years by a huge landslide, located 25 km south-east to the town of Grenoble (France). If several million cubic meters of rock fall down, the debris will dam the valley. Then the failure of the dam by overtopping and rapid erosion might result in a catastrophic flood and dramatic consequences for human life, environment and economy throughout the valley. The paper presents the hazard assessment based on geological and hydrological surveys, including small scale hydraulic tests, as well as the risk evaluation that has been performed. The risk management relies first upon a high level monitoring and an emergency plan; various mitigation strategies have been considered. 1 INTRODUCTION In 1980, rock falls including blocks of limited size occurred on the National Road RN 91, in the valley of the Romanche river, approximately twenty kilometers southeast of Grenoble town (Figure 1). The starting point of the rocks, called "Les Ruines de Sechilienne", is located 300 m above the valley bottom, one kilometer downstream from Sechilienne village, in the French Alps. (Figure in full paper) Such rock falls are frequent in mountainous areas and nobody paid special attention to the event of 1980 as most of the slope was covered by a dense forest. But in 1985, new rock falls with large size blocks occurred and the road had to be closed during several days. An emergency monitoring was decided, during day and night. Soon afterwards a barrier of concrete blocks was set up along the road at the toe of the slope; the blocks were surmounted by detection wires connected to red lights located at both ends of the danger zone, one hundred meters long. The first geological surveys showed that the unstable area, not easily accessible and wooded, was not just a matter of one cliff generating some rock falls, but included a potential volume of a few million cubic metres. From the moment the landslide hazard was identified, the risk management was based on a monitoring system associated with an emergency plan. This system, initially composed of geodetic and extensometer manual measurements (cables stretched through fractures), was gradually developed and improved. In 1985–1986, as a first prevention measure, a diversion of the RN 91 was built in the valley floor, at the toe of the slope opposite to Les Ruines, with temporary bridges at each side of the exposed area. The heavy trucks had to keep using the old road. To avoid the potential wanderings of the river dammed by debris in case of a rockslide, a diversion channel has been dug; it is protected by an earth dyke, supposed to be able to retain 1–2 million m3 of debris. The final bridges for the road diversion were built a few years later. The main features of the hazard and risk evaluation linked to the moving rock mass are presented below.
consequence, debris, debris cone, Discharge, emergency plan, frontal zone, gallery, ground transportation, hazard, hm 3, hydraulic fracturing, landslide, lowest point, progressive failure implying major risk, risk management, rn 91, rock fall, Scenario, sechilienne landslide, Séchilienne, the valley
Industry:
- Transportation > Ground > Road (1.00)
- Automobiles & Trucks (0.88)
SPE Disciplines:
A Fracture Mechanics Approach to the Study of Rock Fall Triggering
Castelli, M. (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica - Politecnico di Torino) | Allodi, A. (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica - Politecnico di Torino) | Scavia, C. (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Strutturale e Geotecnica - Politecnico di Torino) | Frayssines, M. (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Impliquant la Geologie et la Mecanique (LIRIGM) - Universite J. Fourier)
ABSTRACT: Aim of this paper is to show the role of rock bridges in the stability of fractured rock slopes through a Fracture Mechanics approach. To this purpose the numerical back analysis of the triggering phase of a 2000m3 rock fall occurred in Vercors (French Subalpine Ranges) in 2004 is carried out through the Displacement Discontinuity Method. The presence of rough and fresh surfaces on the detachment area after the failure induced to hypothesize the tensile propagation of natural discontinuities inside rock bridges. A detailed geological survey carried out on the detaching niche and the surrounding rock mass allowed the definition of a geometrical model while some laboratory tests carried out on the rock material allowed to obtain the mechanical parameters requested by the numerical method. On the basis of these data, some back analyses based on fracture mechanics allowed to simulate a toppling mechanism due to the tensile progressive failure of surveyed rock bridges. 1 INTRODUCTION The stability of fractured rock slopes is strongly related to the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of natural discontinuities, which require to be explicitly taken into account in the numerical analyses through a discontinuum approach. The model most widely used considers the discontinuities to be fully persistent, disregarding the presence of rock bridges inside the rock mass. However, this assumption can be highly pessimistic in terms of stability, because the presence of even small bridges of intact rock substantially increase joint strength (Einstein et al., 1983). Several models based on the Limit Equilibrium Method can be adopted to overcome this problem, referring to equivalent values of shear and tensile strength representative of the combined effect of joint surfaces and intact rock (Jennings, 1970; Einstein et al., 1983; Frayssines, 2005).However, this approach disregards the concentration of stresses at discontinuity tips, which gives rise to progressive failure in the structure. On the contrary, Fracture Mechanics makes it possible to take progressive failure phenomena into account through a study of the triggering and propagation of cracks starting from natural defects or discontinuities located in the rock mass. One of the earliest methods for the application of the principles of Fracture Mechanics to the assessment of the stability of rock structures was suggested by Tharp (1984). This method is based on the determination of the Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) through expressions obtained from very simple geometry, neglecting the presence of a non-uniform state of stress in the slope. More recently the use of a numerical procedure, based on the BEM technique of the Displacement Discontinuity Method (DDM) (Crouch & Starfield, 1983), has been proposed by Scavia (1995) and Castelli (1998). 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE ROCK FALL AND DEFINITION OF THE GEOMETRICAL MODEL On January 30, 2004 a rock fall of about 2000m3 occurred in the Vercors Sub-alpine Chain, approximately 50 km south west of Grenoble (F). The rock mass came crashing down in the main road "D531", killing two people..
back analysis, Coalescence, crack propagation, failure surface, fracture mechanics, frayssine, geometrical model, hydraulic fracturing, mechanical characteristic, mechanical parameter, mechanism, numerical analysis, progressive failure, propagation, rock bridge, rock mass, stability, tensile propagation, Upstream Oil & Gas
Influence of Sand Liquefaction On Self-burial of a Pipe Subject to Wave Action
Foray, P.Y. (Laboratory 3S, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France) | Bonjean, D. (Laboratory 3S, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France) | Michallet, H. (LEGI (CNRS-INPG-UJF), Grenoble, France)
Coastal or offshore structures such as pipelines installed on the seabed are subject to cyclic horizontal loads either by direct hydrodynamic wave action or through the cyclic movement of risers or flow lines transmitted by floating structures. In fine sandy or silty soils, such cyclic loads may lead to liquefaction of the surrounding bed, which can play an important part in the processes of erosion, trenching or self-burial of the pipes. A large 1-g physical model was built to study the fluid-soil-structure interaction, with special emphasis placed on the conditions in which liquefaction occurs around a pipe instrumented with pore-pressure transducers. The experiments indicate a strong increase in pore pressure at the pipe-soil interface, and lateral visualization revealed the liquefaction of a soil band in the vicinity of the pipe. The penetration of the structure can be related to the phenomenon of liquefaction. INTRODUCTION The process of self-burial of structures resting on the seabed as a result of wave action has been extensively studied by Lyons (1973), Lambrakos (1985), Brennoden et al. (1986), Wagner et al. (1987), Palmer et al. (1988) and Morris et al. (1988), among others. Many of these studies were devoted to specific pipe-soil interaction in order to draw up design criteria for pipeline stability. The first experimental program was conducted at the University of Grenoble by Branque et al. (2001, 2002) to quantify the influence of cyclic amplitude and sand density on pipe penetration and changes in lateral resistance. Transitory liquefaction of the soil close to the pipe was noted in some of the tests, with peak cyclic pore pressures reaching the effective overburden stress. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the effect on the stability of coastal or offshore structures of wave-induced liquefaction, in combination with scour effects.
actuator, amplitude, dense sand, displacement, international journal, liquefaction, load amplitude, offshore pipeline, pipe, Pipe Penetration, pipe subject, pipe-soil interface, polar engineering, pore pressure, pore-pressure transducer, Reservoir Characterization, reservoir geomechanics, sand liquefaction, self-burial, transducer, Upstream Oil & Gas
Influence of Sand Liquefaction On the Self Burial of a Pipe Submitted to Wave Action
Foray, P.Y. (Laboratory 3S, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble) | Bonjean, D. (Laboratory 3S, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble) | Michallet, H. (LEGI, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble)
ABSTRACT Coastal or offshore structures such as pipelines installed on the seabed are submitted to cyclic horizontal loads either by the direct hydrodynamic wave action or through the cyclic movement of risers or flow lines transmitted by floating structures. In fine sandy or silty soils the cyclic loads can induce a liquefaction of the surrounding bed which can play an important part in the processes of erosion, trenching or self-burial of the pipes. A large 1g physical model was built to study the fluid-soil-structure interaction with special emphasis on the conditions of occurrence of liquefaction around a pipe instrumented with pore pressure sensors. The experiments indicate a strong increase in pore pressure at the pipe-soil interface and a lateral visualisation put into evidence the liquefaction of a soil band in the vicinity of the pipe. INTRODUCTION The process of self burial of structures resting on the seabed induced by the wave action has been extensively studied by Lyons (1973), Lambrakos (1985), Brennoden et al (1986), Wagner et al (1987), Palmer et al (1988), Morris et al (1988), among others. Many of these studies were devoted to the specific pipe-soil interaction in order to elaborate design criteria for pipeline stability. A first experimental program was conducted at the University of Grenoble by Branque et al (2002) to quantify the influence of the cyclic amplitude and the density of the sand on the penetration of the pipe and the evolution of the lateral resistance. A transitory liquefaction of the soil close to the pipe could be noted for some of the tests, with peak cyclic pore pressures reaching the effective overburden stress. In the recent years, an increasing attention has been given to the effect of wave-induced liquefaction on the stability of coastal or offshore structures, in combination with scour effects.
actuator, amplitude, correspond, displacement, evolution, interaction, liquefaction, load amplitude, loading period, offshore pipeline, Offshore Technology Conference, penetration, pipe, pore pressure, proceedings, Reservoir Characterization, reservoir geomechanics, Technology Conference, th offshore technology conference, transducer, Upstream Oil & Gas
Country:
- Europe > France > Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes > Isère > Grenoble (0.26)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.16)
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