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Emilia-Romagna
Innovative Strategies, Monitoring and Analysis of the Coastal Erosion Risk: The STIMARE Project
Archetti, Renata (University of Bologna) | Damiani, Leonardo (Politecnico di Bari) | Bianchini, Augusto (University of Bologna) | Romagnoli, Claudia (University of Bologna) | Abbiati, Marco (University of Bologna) | Addona, Fabio (University of Bologna) | Airoldi, Laura (University of Bologna) | Cantelli, Luigi (University of Bologna) | Gaeta, M. Gabriella (University of Bologna) | Guerrero, Massimo (University of Bologna) | Pellegrini, Marco (University of Bologna) | Saccani, Cesare (University of Bologna) | Barbanente, Angela (Politecnico di Bari) | Saponieri, Alessandra (Politecnico di Bari) | Simeone, Vincenzo (Politecnico di Bari) | Tarantino, Eufemia (Politecnico di Bari) | Bruno, Maria Francesca (Politecnico di Bari) | Doglioni, Angelo (Politecnico di Bari) | Zanin, Giulia Motta (Politecnico di Bari) | Pratola, Luigi (Politecnico di Bari) | Molfetta, Matteo Gianluca (Politecnico di Bari)
ABSTRACT Coastal erosion processes are often due to inappropriate coastal defense strategies. The construction of infrastructures that interfere with the coastal circulation and the sediment transport along the coast (piers, docks, etc.), the destruction of the dunes and other anthropogenic modifications to the beach, are some of the factors that limit the adaptability of the beach system and amplify the risk of erosion and flooding of the coastal land. Coastal defense interventions have historically been based on the construction of rigid works (seawalls, groins, breakwaters, jetties, etc.), which, while protecting the territory, have often shifted the problem of erosion to the neighboring coasts. The paper will present the contents and the first findings of the research project STIMARE (Innovative strategies, monitoring and analysis of the coastal erosion risk), financed by the Italian Ministry of the Environment and the Sea (MATTM), aimed to define strategies for coastal management, based on a strong involvement of the stakeholders, and on the use of innovative or low-costs technologies for coastal monitoring. Methodology is based on data acquisition, numerical modelling, laboratory tests, physical and ecological monitoring. All the information and results will be discussed with the local stakeholders, in order to provide a comprehensive strategy for coastal protection, following the European Marine Strategy framework. The Project involves researchers from two important Universities in Italy (University of Bologna and Politecnico di Bari) and has a strong interdisciplinary approach, involving coastal engineers, urban planners, geologists, ecologists and mechanical engineers. INTRODUCTION In the coastal erosion processes anthropic activities and inappropriate human interventions frequently alter the littoral dynamics governed by natural factors. Several factors limit the adaptability of the coastal system and amplify the risk of erosion and flooding of the land. Among them, the following ones can be mentioned:the urbanization and the intensive use of the territory, which cause the stiffening of the coastal areas, man-made infrastructures (piers, docks etc.) interfering with the natural longshore sediment transport and the drainage basins and the reduction of sediment supply from drainage basins and the destruction of the dune belt. In the past, coastal defense interventions were commonly realized through the construction of rigid works (e.g., artificial reefs, groins and breakwaters), which, while protecting the territory, have often also shifted the problem of coastal erosion to the nearby littorals, creating a ‘domino’ effect.
airoldi, archetti, beach, climate change, coastal defense work, coastal erosion risk, coastal protection, defense intervention, Indicator, innovative strategy, intervention, Italy, monitoring, Politecnico, risk management, saponieri, sediment transport, shoreline, stakeholder, storm surge, study site
SPE Disciplines:
ABSTRACT Snam-Stogit, among the European leaders for underground gas storage (UGS) development, manages nine depleted fields in silicoclastic geological systems, ensuring safety conditions and compliance with environmental constraints. Multiple solutions have been deployed to improve technical efficiency and to optimize related costs, adopting the latest technology to perform a green formation evaluation and geosteer horizontal wells in complex tectonic frameworks. Snam-Stogit tested and routinely applied new technologies such as high-resolution resistivity images in slim holes recordings, sourceless formation evaluation platforms, multilayer bed boundary mapping, and reservoir mapping services. This method allowed for improving the storage capabilities while decreasing the number of wells needed for evaluation and to better understand the geological-structural setting. The logging-while-drilling (LWD) solutions provided the opportunity to acquire data at any well deviation, minimizing the target formation alteration and invasion, often occurring in unconsolidated sands. The possibility for acquiring and interpreting data in real time was effectively used to minimize critical issues related to drilling operations, such as entering a depleted reservoir with inadequate mud weight. A high number of wells have been drilled, including more than 30 horizontal wells, yielding the possibility to build a solid set of solutions to meet the challenges of drilling in mature gas fields, often with limited predrill data. This paper presents an overview of the evolution and state-of-the art LWD solutions applied to UGS projects. Case studies are also presented to complement the technology description and to demonstrate the impact from applying the solutions. INTRODUCTION UGS activity began in North America in 1916 (Marzorati et al. 2012) and is presently a commonly used practice. Today, they are more than 600 active storage sites worldwide, with approximately 70% located in the USA and the remaining sites mainly concentrated in Europe. UGS was initially tested in Italy during 1964, converting the depleted gas reservoir of Cortemaggiore (Emilia-Romagna Region) from production to storage. Snam-Stogit, currently the major UGS Italian company, manages nine storage facilities, including Brugherio, Bordolano, Cortemaggiore, Fiume Treste, Minerbio, Ripalta, Sabbioncello, Sergnano, and Settala, (Figure 1), which operates in synergy with the transport and regasification infrastructures of the company, ensuring energy security for Italy. The UGS facilities are located in depleted gas reservoirs with average depths between 1000 and 1700 m. The geology is therefore suitable for UGS, as it worked for ensured containment in the existing natural gas reservoirs existing for millions of years. The fields are mainly located in the Po Plain, while the Fiume Treste field is situated in the Abruzzo region (central Italy). Miocene to Pliocene poorly cemented sands and gravels, which make up the target reservoir, are covered by several hundred-m thick massive shale, acting as very efficient seal. The geological traps, both structural and stratigraphic, are associated with buried thrusts in medium-complexity geological context. Selecting the storage sites is driven by specialized studies, 3D modelling, and technical-economical evaluations. Continuous monitoring of the field performance is improved by introducing new technology and solutions, and acquiring surface and downhole data. At the well, scale, the information is obtained by wireline reported by Cantini et al. (2010), LWD, coring, and continuous acquisition of dynamic records of pressure, temperature, and fluid volumes. Storage performance optimization and future reservoir behaviour used updated numerical models.
Artificial Intelligence, bed boundary detection service, drilling data acquisition, drilling measurement, drilling operation, formation evaluation, information, Italy, logging while drilling, LWD, LWD Technology, offshore mediterranean conference, porosity, real time system, Reservoir Characterization, resistivity image, resistivity measurement, resistivity-at-bit service, Schlumberger, snam-stogit, sustainable underground gas storage development, Upstream Oil & Gas, wellbore
Oilfield Places:
- North America > United States > California > Sacramento Basin > 2 Formation (0.99)
- Africa > Angola > South Atlantic Ocean > Lower Congo Basin > Block 31 > Terra Field (0.99)
SPE Disciplines:
Technology:
Abstract The paper covers the construction and use of large caverns for temporary and permanent purposes on the example of the 27km long Semmering Base Tunnel in Austria. Semmering Base Tunnel is a twin tube, single-track railway tunnel with numerous cross passages and an underground emergency station with ventilation located approximately at the center of the tunnel system. The construction started in 2014 and is ongoing until 2026. The emergency station, which is located at the toe of two 400 m deep shafts, requires the construction of large permanent caverns with dimensions in the range of 20 by 18 m. The available space in these caverns will also be used during construction for the placement of site installations underground in order to optimize the logistic procedures and avoid disruptions in supply and discharge via the shafts. Intermediate access points are provided by 120 to 200 m deep shafts, which also require the construction of temporary caverns at the shaft bottom for site installations, material storage and transport purposes. In one case even shaft head caverns are carried out as the shafts start underground at the end of a 1.2 km long access tunnel. For the construction in difficult geological conditions complex headings and special support measures using the SEM are applied. Advanced numerical 2D- and 3D-calculations were carried out to verify the adequacy of the designed solutions. The final configuration of the permanent and temporary caverns includes the installation of a drained, secondary lining or a complete backfill in case of the temporary structures. 1. Introduction The content of the paper covers the construction of temporary and permanent caverns at the example of an actual project currently carried out in Austria. The boundary conditions requesting the construction of the caverns such as safety regulations, logistic purposes or overall schedule requirements are addressed. The chosen solutions for the construction of the caverns as well as its configuration for the temporary and the final stage are presented. 2. Project overview Semmering Base Tunnel is located app. 80 km south of Vienna in Austria and is part of the Baltic-Adriatic Railway Corridor, which runs between the Baltic Sea from Gdansk in Poland to the Adriatic Coast near Bologna in Italy (see Figure 1).
ISRM-ARMS10-2018-102
Country:
SPE Disciplines:
- Well Drilling (0.49)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics (0.31)
Guidelines for the Environmental Monitoring of Oil and Gas Industry in Italy: Seismic, Ground Deformation and Reservoir Pressure Measurements
Macini, P.. (University of Bologna) | Mesini, E. N. (University of Bologna) | Antoncecchi, I.. (University of Milan Bicocca, and Italian Ministry of Economic Development) | Terlizzese, F.. (Italian Ministry of Economic Development)
Abstract Today, HSE issues, environmental conservation and social acceptance are paramount in all industrial sectors. In particular, the social and environmental impact of E&P industry must be wisely evaluated and monitored. Following this direction, the Italian Oil & Gas Safety Authority (DGS-UNMIG, a Directorate General of the Ministry of Economic Development) issued a new set of monitoring guidelines for future licensing and E&P operations in Italy. After the seismic sequence of May 2012 in Northern Italy, a public discussion pointed out that these earthquakes could have been related to possible "anthropogenic" causes, i.e., a seismic activity induced or triggered by underground fluids withdrawal. For this reason, the Italian Department of Civil Protection appointed an independent international scientific commission to evaluate all available geoscience data to shed light on this hypotesis. In particular, three production fields, located near the epicenters of the seismic sequence, were closely examined: 1) a geothermal field; 2) an underground natural gas storage field; 3) a mature oilfield with reinjection. According to the conclusions of the above International Commission, the National Oil & Gas Safety Authority issued a new document of monitoring guidelines. In particular, future E&P operations in Italy must be complemented by properly designed monitoring networks aimed at controlling the: a) seismic activity; b) ground deformation; c) reservoir pressure. The monitoring networks must be implemented as soon as practicable when licensing is granted, in order to evaluate prior local seismicity and ground deformation with a sufficient accuracy. Moreover, monitored data must be made available to the safety Authorities, and thorough informative actions to residents and stakeholders must be properly carried out. The paper illustrates the above guidelines, the recent agreements signed with the Emilia-Romagna Regional Government and the present monitoring performed at selected Italian pilot test sites, according to the indications contained in the abovementioned guidelines.
agreement, application, economic development, emilia-romagna regional government, ground deformation, guideline, Implementation, Italy, license, natural gas storage, oil & gas safety authority, oilfield, pilot test site, production control, production monitoring, Reservoir Characterization, reservoir pressure, Reservoir Surveillance, safety authority, survey domain, Upstream Oil & Gas
Country:
- Europe > Italy > Emilia-Romagna (0.37)
- North America > United States > Texas > Nolan County (0.24)
Industry:
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > Europe Government > Italy Government (0.49)
SPE Disciplines:
1 Introduction In order to consider the presence of cracks in an abandoned gypsum pillar in numerical simulations, a hybrid method FEM/DEM, which allows the transition from continuum to discontinuum, was assumed. By means of a specific numerical code (ELFEN), this approach has been calibrated involving both physical quantities introduced by fracture mechanics and numerical aspects in order to support this hybrid method. Furthermore, the approaches FEM and FEM/DEM have been compared, showing advantages and disadvantages through experimental tests carried out to characterize geomechanical response of the pillar. The interaction domain has been calculated thanks to the implementation of both methods. The meaning of determining this domain is related to the evaluation of failure limit when a coupled system of loads (normal and tangential force and momentum) is acting on pillars. An application to a case study of an abandoned gypsum mine interacting with building in San Lazzaro di Savena (Bologna) is shown. 2 Abandoned Gypsum Mine – specific pillar (P7) chosen The choice of this pillar is related to its complex and redundant joint's system, its reduced section and its location. In fact, it was possible to obtain its topography by TLS to furnish a detailed geometrical for the simulation. In the following figure the mine system and the selected pillar is shown. 3 Laboratory tests (UCS, BT, Triax) A series of laboratory tests permitted to obtain failure parameters to be inserted both in constitutive model for the continuum approach (FEM) than for the crack propagation model for the discontinuum approach (FEM/DEM). 4 A numerical comparison between the two approaches A coupled system of loads acting on pillar P7 has been simulated. In particular, 3D numerical simulations have been run to calculate an interaction domain represented by normal and tangential force and momentum. Also for the 2D FEM/DEM approach an interaction domain has been built thanks to a simplified solution by choosing two representative sections of pillar P7. In the following the numerical calibration of the continuum and hybrid approach is shown.
author bear full responsibility, conference 2017, contribution, eth zurich, extended abstract 2017, hydraulic fracturing, isrm specialized conference, kerry leith, martin ziegler, matthew perra, monte verità, pillar, presentation, publication, Reservoir Characterization, reservoir geomechanics, Switzerland, Upstream Oil & Gas, Wellbore Design, wellbore integrity
Country:
Industry:
- Materials > Construction Materials (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.50)
SPE Disciplines:
The Commissione ICHESE Case History After 2 Years, as a Poor Geo-Ethics and Communication Episode in the Frame of the Nimby Sindrome and Geopolicy Weakeness: Consequences on Gas Storage Including CO2 Storage for CCS
Quattrocchi, F. (Istituto Nazionale Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Università Roma 2 Tor Vergata)
ABSTRACT In the frame of energy/heat production from underground by new and enhanced technologies, including geogas storage (CH4, CO2), the paper considers the Italian ICHESE Commission's case history as an international Commission involved with the local policy of the Emilia Romagna Region to answer two questions dealing with the role of industry underground activities in generating the long 2012 seismic sequence, destroying part of the Emilia-Romagna Region. In particular, the first question - if an un-existent natural gas storage was responsible for the "triggered" seismic sequence, being that the reservoir is studied only in books - was completely without rational consideration, namely a "political question" rather than a "scientific question" delivered as a paradox to experts, coming from abroad too! The paper will rework any step - in science and communication - of this "dark side of the moon" of the complex relationships between stakeholders, policymakers, journalists and scientists, despite the early and fruitful cooperation between industry and Academic/Research Centers, in the frame of the growing needs of a public debate. This complex and motley stakeholders community, made by scientific-industry-institutions is involved in the difficult task to study and accept (or refuse) subsurface reservoir-handling projects, strongly impacting the live territory & the underground, in densely populated countries such as Italy, in terms of appropriate public communication and sound deontological behaviour (namely: geo-ethics in the AAPG meaning). These facts are creating a lot of issues to the industry and to the correct researchers and professors. Next, the paper recalls and reviews years of "scientific" communication within the mass-media in this field - underground management to produce energy, storage and heat - highlighting the positive and negative messages, in comparison to the true and objective scientific experimental data, gathered by the real scientific work, as perceived by citizens of middle class scholastic culture, which do not delve in to the geologic disciplines, but receive simply the journalistic front-end, very often as a sensationalist scoop. This path progressively gets tangled as a consequence of the complex conflicting use of the underground to produce energy (hydrocarbons, heat, as well as geogas storage, geothermal reserves, unconventional gas exploitation, REE mining). The "Sblocca Italia" subsurface infrastructures are now therefore not accepted by Italian citizens.
Case History, climate change, commissione ichese early report, communication, conflict, early report, Earthquake, emilia romagna region, geoga storage, ichese commission, Italy, natural gas storage, policymaker, renewable energy, Reservoir Characterization, scientist, seismic sequence, seismicity, social responsibility, stakeholder, subsurface storage, sustainability, sustainable development, Upstream Oil & Gas
SPE Disciplines:
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Storage Reservoir Engineering > Natural gas storage (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Storage Reservoir Engineering > CO2 capture and sequestration (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- (3 more...)
3D Voronoi Pre- and Post- Processing Tools for Using the Tough2 Family of Numerical Simulator for Hydrocarbon Gas Migration
Bonduà, S. (University of Bologna) | Bortolotti, V. (University of Bologna) | Macini, P. (University of Bologna) | Mesini, E. (University of Bologna) | Vasini, E. M. (University of Bologna)
Abstract The TOUGH family of multi-component, multiphase numerical reservoir simulators have a well know and a long history of applications in different fields of mass and heat transport in porous media. The use a full three-dimensional (3D) unstructured grid permits a great degree of flexibility to reproduce the geometry of complex geological formations and performs accurate reservoir numerical simulations. The full 3D Voronoi tessellation approach also allows reproducing the geometry of geological formations (useful, for example, in directional drilling). In this work, we present some applications of the 3D Voronoi pre- and post-processing software tools dedicated to the TOUGH family of codes (developed at the DICAM Department of the University of Bologna by the Geothermal research group), to study problems of gas migration in hydrocarbon reservoirs. In particular, a small set of 3D grids of a deep sedimentary formation has been created with VORO2MESH, and the simulation results analysed with TOUGH2Viewer. VORO2MESH is a software coded in C+ able to rapidly compute the 3D Voronoi tessellation for a given domain and to create a ready-to-use TOUGH2 MESH file, up to million blocks. It is based on the well-known and powerful open source voro++ library. The new extended version of the TOUGH2Viewer post-processor was used to easily inspect the 3D Voronoi discretization and to better manage the numerical simulation results. The software, written in Java, handles the visualization of both 3D grids (structured and unstructured) and simulation results. This study shows the effectiveness of these tools, and that the use of unstructured grids, instead of structured grids, substantially improve both the reproduction of the geological model and the TOUGH simulation results. 1 Introduction The TOUGH [1] family of codes adopts the Integral Finite Difference Method (IFDM, [2,3,4]) for space discretization. The IFDM method needs that each interface (the surface separating two adjacent blocks) to be orthogonal to the line passing the two nodes of the blocks (also known as the orthogonality constraint). Cartesian structured grids satisfy this requirement, but they are not able in most cases to build complex shapes, such as for example the geometry of geological formations, without decreasing their dimension and increasing, therefore, the total number of blocks.
California, discretization, geometry, grid, lawrence berkeley national laboratory, Modeling & Simulation, operational safety, Reservoir Characterization, reservoir simulation, seed point, simulation result, software, structural geology, structured grid, tough family, tough2viewer, Upstream Oil & Gas, Visualization, voro2mesh, Voronoi Grid
Country:
- North America > United States > California (0.31)
- Europe > Italy > Emilia-Romagna > Bologna > Bologna (0.25)
SPE Disciplines:
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Simulation (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (0.95)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety > Operational safety (0.60)
Technology:
- Information Technology > Software (1.00)
- Information Technology > Modeling & Simulation (1.00)
ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to study the mechanical behavior of a real pillar located in an abandoned gypsum mine in San Lazzaro di Savena (Bologna, Italy) through numerical simulations using a continuum to discontinuum hybrid approach. Continuum numerical simulations based on a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model cannot represent the observed failure mechanism and estimated limit strength of mine pillars, supporting the need to properly account for their real 3D geometry and rock mass structure. A hybrid 3D FEM/DEM method has been applied to obtain a more realistic mechanical response of a gypsum pillar subjected to a vertical uniaxial load. 1 INTRODUCTION The analysis of the mechanical response, failure mechanism and limit strength of mine pillars is a key point for the risk management in underground mine operation and decommissioning. Nevertheless, these analyses are usually performed through oversimplified approaches which do not take into account real 3D geometry and rock mass structure. The aim of this work is to study the behavior of a real pillar located in an abandoned gypsum mine in San Lazzaro di Savena (Bologna) through numerical simulations using a continuum to discontinuum approach. The 3D geometry of the pillar has been reconstructed by close-range terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Structural analyses of the TLS point cloud and detailed field discontinuity surveys allowed the characterization of the pre-existing rock joints. Intact rock mechanical properties have been also evaluated through extensive laboratory testing. The complex 3D geometry and structural pattern of the pillar suggest to go beyond a typical continuum approach. Thus, a hybrid FEM/DEM method, which allows the transition from continuum to discontinuum through the simulation of cracks nucleation and propagation, has been used. By means of a specific numerical code (ELFEN), the pillar behavior has been simulated from the laboratory test scale to the real in situ scale and geometry. The constitutive model, integrating Rotating Crack Model and Mohr Coulomb failure loci, was calibrated on the laboratory experimental results and in situ observation of real failure crack patterns.
algorithm, calibration, Continuum, failure mechanism, fem dem numerical analysis, fracture propagation, geometry, hydraulic fracturing, mechanical properties, mechanical response, metals & mining, numerical analysis, numerical simulation, pillar, quasi-brittle material, Reservoir Characterization, reservoir geomechanics, Simulation, transition, Upstream Oil & Gas
Industry:
- Materials > Construction Materials (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas (0.69)
SPE Disciplines:
Abstract The interaction between deep seated landslides and infrastructure facilities is a topic of relevant interest in the rock mechanics literature. This paper is to discuss the case of deep seated landslides reactivated during excavation of two large size twin tunnels in Italy. In each case, an overview of the geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions is given. The efforts made in order to gain into the understanding of the complexities involved and the necessary quantification of the stability problems during tunnel excavation are presented. Two- and three-dimensional numerical modelling methods, used as means to back-analyze the reactivated landslide and the interaction with the tunnels, are discussed. It is shown how modelling associated with advanced real-time monitoring may contribute to the understanding of the problems under study. 1 Introduction During excavation of two large size twin tunnels, in complex geological, hydrogeological and geotechnical conditions, along the new highway under construction through the Apennines in Italy, between Bologna and Florence, progressive ground movements were observed on the ground surface. These resulted from the reactivation of deep-seated landslides due to tunnel excavation. Based on the working classification of landslides to assess the danger of natural slopes (Cruden & Lan 2014), the landslides of interest are "reactivated, complex, very slow moving rockslides, due to artificial causes" such as tunnel excavation. Surprisingly, however, the latter cause is not explicitly indicated in the checklist of landslide causes proposed by the Working Party on World Landslide Inventory (1994) as given in Cruden & Lan (2014). Due to this, the main motivation for writing this paper stems from the above consideration. The aim is to bring the attention on this important "artificial cause", which need be considered with the most care possible, in view of the consequences that may derive when tunnels are excavated under inhabited areas and in the near vicinity of existing infrastructures. In addition, one is not to neglect the problems deriving for assessing the conditions for opening these tunnels to traffic and maintaining them in service in future years.
Artificial Intelligence, cross section, deep-seated landslide, deep-seated landslide activated, displacement, displacement rate, inclinometer, interpretation, knowledge management, landslide, landslide response, landslide-sliding surface, real time system, size twin tunnel, surface displacement, tst data, tunnel, tunnel excavation, tunnel face, Upstream Oil & Gas
Industry:
- Transportation > Ground > Road (0.55)
- Automobiles & Trucks (0.55)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.53)
SPE Disciplines:
Abstract Underground Gas Storage is playing an increasing role in European gas markets in order to match supply and demand of gas and to ensure the security of gas supplies. In addition, despite the persisting economic crisis and the consequent reduction of the gas demand, during the last years the storage operators are requested to offer a wide range of services to allow the optimization of the delivery system and to ensure a reliable supply of gas. This trend is, perhaps, even more marked in Italy considering the strong dependence on this energy source. Lately, in this Country, storages, and more in general E&P business, are " under popular investigation" after the Emilia Romagna earthquake of May 2012 because of the suspicion that the tremors may have been triggered by storage activities in that area. So, following the increasing demand of safety and knowledge by the population living around storages, Edison Stoccaggio entrusted O.G.S. (National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics), an Italian Public Research Institute, with the task to develop the Collalto Seismic Network (RSC - Rete Sismica di Collalto) in order to obtain a high-quality service, as well as to provide transparent information and public data. The RSC has been operating since January 2012. Based on the first three years (2012-2014) of monitoring data, the RSC detects all earthquakes down to about a local magnitude of 0.0 in the area surrounding the reservoir; thus it is a very effective solution to recognize a possible seismicity phenomena induced by storage activities and to allow to the storage Operator to activate promptly the proper actions to face the above said phenomena before any consequence for the environment and the safety of people living around the storage.
Artificial Intelligence, Collalto, correlation, Earthquake, Edison Stoccaggio, gas storage, induced seismicity, information, Institute, local magnitude, Magnitude, natural gas storage, natural seismicity, operation, procedure, real time system, Reservoir Characterization, seismic network, seismicity, storage activity, underground gas storage, Upstream Oil & Gas
Geophysics:
SPE Disciplines:
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