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Tromsø
Abstract Due to the interaction with land or other (larger) ice masses, high internal stress can occur inside sea ice. During the MOSAiC Expedition the level ice pressure in the vicinity of the research vessel Polarstern was measured over a time period of six months by three pressure panels frozen into the ice. The objective is to investigate the relationship of changing level ice conditions and the internal ice pressure in the vicinity of structures. Introduction In fall 2019 the biggest arctic expedition of all times – the MOSAiC Expedition led by the Alfred-Wegener-Institut started: Research vessel Polarstern (Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung, 2017) left Tromsø harbor to travel towards north, where it is frozen into the ice for about one year drifting across the Arctic along with the natural ice drift. Hence, this is a high-tech repetition of the famous Fram Expedition from 1893 to 1896 by Fridtjof Nansen. The expedition's objective is to record a vast variety of interdisciplinary data during an entire annual cycle, including the arctic winter. The obtained insights are supposed to provide a better understanding of the Arctic, especially with respect to climate change. Within the larger scientific scope of the expedition one sub-project was the measurement of long-term level ice pressure in the vicinity of a larger structure (i.e. the Polarstern) and a possible dependency of the vessel to changes of the level ice pressure and vice versa. Detailed knowledge of ice pressures (or stresses) is of interest both from a scientific as well as an engineering point of view. Examples where these quantities play an important role are ice dynamics models (Hibler, 1979; Richter-Menge, 1997; Richter-Menge and Elder, 1998) or the formation of pressure ridges (Parmerter and Coon, 1972). The latter ones contribute to the motion of the ice by wind forces acting on the pressure ridge sails (Arya, 1973), while also forming natural obstacles even large ice-breaking ships cannot traverse (Kovacs et al., 1973)
The newly established Center for the Ocean and the Arctic is based deep within the Arctic circle in one of Norway's northernmost cities, Tromsø. Its task is to coordinate efforts to chart a course for sustainable use of the ocean and the Arctic. Its mandate also includes working toward the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 14 on conservation and sustainable use of the oceans. The sustainable development goals are both ambitious and overarching in their targets. The challenge in achieving them is translating the goals into specific targets at a local level. DNV GL has been entrusted with producing the first two reports: a status of a sustainable blue economy in the Norwegian Arctic and a foresight study analyzing the challenges and opportunities associated with developing a sustainable blue economy in the Norwegian Arctic.
SPE Disciplines: Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Sustainability/Social Responsibility > Sustainable development (1.00)
On 11 October 2011, the X Prize Foundation announced the winners of the USD 1.4 million Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE, launched during the summer of 2010 in the wake of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster in the US Gulf of Mexico. According to a press release, “the competition inspired entrepreneurs, engineers, and scientists worldwide to develop innovative, rapidly deployable, and highly efficient methods of capturing crude oil from the ocean surface.” Emerging from an original field of more than 350 submissions from all over the world, Elastec/American Marine of Carmi, Illinois, captured the USD 1 million first prize, with Norway’s NOFI Tromsø awarded the USD 300,000 second prize; no contestant’s cleanup system qualified to receive third prize. Testing the 10 finalists’ technologies in order to determine the winner would have been impossible were it not for a facility called Ohmsett (Oil and Hazardous Materials Environmental Test Tank). What is Ohmsett, and why is it so critical to the development of oil spill prevention and mitigation technology? Omsett’s Origins The existence of Ohmsett arose from response to another oil spill disaster. On 24 March 1989, the Exxon Valdez oil tanker struck Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska, spilling an estimated 260,000 bbl to 750,000 bbl of crude oil. Considered one of the most devastating human-caused environmental disasters, a number of preventative or cautionary measures ensued. One of these was the US Oil Pollution Act (OPA 90) of 1990, which among its many provisions established a program providing for “research, development, and demonstration of new or improved technologies which are effective in preventing or mitigating oil discharges and which protect the environment.” The disaster also provided the push needed to get the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund (OSLTF), created in 1986 by the US Congress, off the ground. In August 1990, US President George H.W. Bush signed OPA 90 into law, and authorized both the use of the OSLTF as well as collection of revenue to maintain it. One of the primary purposes of OSLTF’s Principal Fund (exclusive of its Emergency Fund) is to carry out oil spill-related research and development (R&D).
chemical spill, detect oil, dispersant, Efficiency, jpt feature, mitigating disaster, Mitigation Technology, Ohmsett, ohmsett facility, Ohmsett Oil Spill Research, oil spill disaster, oil spill response, recovery efficiency, skimmer, spill response, tank, test facility, Upstream Oil & Gas, US government
Country:
- North America > United States > Alaska (0.25)
- Europe > Norway > Troms og Finnmark > Tromsø (0.25)
- North America > United States > Illinois (0.24)
Industry:
- Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
SPE Disciplines: Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Environment > Oil and chemical spills (1.00)
In the past, Norwegian vessels have entered the Arctic for fishing and for hunting whales and seals. The seal hunters needed to go to the iceedge or into the ice to catch the seals and their activity created much needed income in the past. These seal hunters came mainly from the Aalesund area of Norway (many came from the village of Brandal) and from the Tromsø area in the north. Although seal hunting is controversial to day, there might be important learning to bring to new industries like the offshore oil and gas industry and to the navigators in ice infested northern waters. An activity within the research project “PetroArctic” at NTNU has focused on collecting experience data from the seal hunters, (Alme, 2009). A number of interviews with elders (age from 70 to 80+) have been conducted with focus on the physical environmental conditions, vessel behavior in ice and causes of loss of vessels. Among those interviewed were the legendary captain Paul Stark who sailed on sealers from 1950 to 2000 and who was involved in three vessel losses. Newspaper records from the early decades of the 20th century have been reviewed. Prior to the time of steel hull ships with diesel engines, wooden ships with sails and thereafter with steam engines were used. There were frequent losses caused by ice pressure and vessel implosions. Losses were also due to interaction with “ice foots” (Figure1) of multiyear ridges or due to hits from floating ridges on waves. The paper presents characteristic features of vessels used and ice conditions for the different areas where seal hunting took place. These were the Newfoundland area, Labrador coast, Danish Strait, the Area in vicinity of Jan Mayen, North East Greenland coast, Spitzbergen, Eastern Barents Sea towards Novaya Zemlya and the mouth of the White Sea (Figure 2). The causes for the losses or damages to vessels are reviewed in details. In this respect it should be noted that although the ice cap might be shrinking in the future, there will be ice parts of the year over large areas. The ice might even move faster than in the past and get to new areas that traditionally have been ice free. This also relate to the ice of the polar pack that might move more than in the past. There is therefore a strong encouragement to implement the learning of the Arctic pioneers.
Country:
- North America > Canada > Newfoundland and Labrador > Newfoundland (0.25)
- North America > Canada > Newfoundland and Labrador > Labrador (0.24)
- Europe > Norway > Troms og Finnmark > Tromsø (0.24)
ABSTRACT: After more then 70 years of cold war, international cooperation seems to melt the political ice along the coast of Siberia. New and very interesting shipping prospect have brought the Northeast-passage back to the political and technological agenda. Compared to a southern route, the Northern Sea Route (NSR) of Russia will reduce the distance from Northern Europe to the Northern Pacific with approx 50%. In addition to the reduced distance enormous natural resources on the coast of Siberia will contribute to make the NSR the nautical challenge of the next century. INTRODUCTION The question of investigate the international shipping potential on the Norther Sea Route (figure 1) was in Norway first highlighted during an Arctic training project at Tromsø Maritime college in 1∼89. The college had for a long t1me been anX10US to loose the old competence in Arctic navigation, obtained through the traditional sealing activity. Through an agreement with Murmansk Shipping Company we were 1n 1990 allowed to sail into Siberian waters on the company's vessels and study the shipping activity and pilot services in the Kara Sea. In 1991 a110wence to join the ice-classed merchant vessel "Kapitan Danilkin" on a northern voyage from Norway to Hong Kong was obtained (Kjerstad, 1992b). At this time the Fridtjof Nansen Institute in Oslo had started an inter-national and multi-disciplinary pilot study of the Northern Sea Route, where we participated. Through this projects shipping on the Northern Sea Route is perceived as being a technological and economical challenge, but ecologica1- and sovereignty questions are also highlighted (0streng, 1992). SHIPPING ACTIVITY, PAST AND PRESENT From early times European people had a dream of a short northern passage to the Far East. Encouraged by big rewards and honor, many explorers tried to navigate this challenging area in the remote north.
accuracy, arctic, arctic news record, consideration, freight & logistics services, icebreaker, international cooperation, Kjerstad, marine transportation, nautical challenge, navigation, northern sea route, nuclear icebreaker, operator, river, ship, shipping company, Siberia, the-northeast-passage, voyage
Country:
- Europe > Russia > Northwestern Federal District > Murmansk Oblast > Murmansk (0.26)
- Europe > Russia > Kara Sea (0.25)
- Asia > Russia > Kara Sea (0.25)
- (3 more...)
Industry:
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Transportation > Freight & Logistics Services > Shipping (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas (1.00)
- Government > Military (0.88)
Oilfield Places:
- North America > Canada > Quebec > Arctic Platform (0.89)
- North America > Canada > Nunavut > Arctic Platform (0.89)
- Europe > Russia > Northwestern Federal District > Northwestern Federal District > Nenets Autonomous Okrug > Timan-Pechora Basin (0.89)
- (2 more...)
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