Sud-Muntenia Development Region

Summary This paper presents the dehydration and desalting of heavy crude oil produced by in-situ combustion with thermochemical and gas stripping stages. Indirect heating of oil through cocurrent contact with recirculated water from the process, heated with metal heaters, will preclude temperature variations caused by flow fluctuations in the feeding of the plant during the thermochemical process. At the same time, the amount of mechanical impurities (carried out by the recirculated water) is diminished. The flue gas stripping stage increased the process efficiency using a double column and blown-in air heater. Introduction In Romania heavy viscous oils have a more than 20% share in the total production. To enhance oil recovery, in-situ combustion has been applied on Suplacu de Barcau and Videle-Balaria fields. Dehydration and desalting of tight emulsions with a high water content (obtained by in-situ combustion by thermal-chemical processes) were inefficient, yielding a water content and impurities of over 4% by volume in treated oil. The research work led to the improvement of thermochemical treatment by the separation of free water in two stages, to the altering of the heating system using metal heaters, and to final desalting with a diluted solution of an anionic-active agent in fresh water. To remove colloidal nonsettling fresh water, the thermochemical treatment was provided with a stage of gas stripping using a double column with a stripping compartment and a condensing/cooling compartment. A stripping stage with natural gas at a pressure of 0.3 MPa (using horizontal heaters) was installed as an extension to the existing thermochemical treatment plant at Suplacu de Barcau in 1976. A thermochemical and flue-gas-stripping plant for dehydration and desalting of oil produced by in-situ combustion in the Balaria oil field was put on line at Anghelesti in 1990. The plant is at atmospheric pressure and uses vertical heaters with and without blown-in air.

OnePetro

doi: 10.2118/28539-PA

SPE

SPE-28539-PA

SPE Production & Facilities

compartment, Efficiency, emulsion, enhanced recovery, free water, fresh water, gas stripping, heater, in-situ combustion, net oil, separation and treating, spe production & facility, stripping gas, Suplacu, Upstream Oil & Gas, vertical heater, water content

Country:

North America > United States (0.69)
Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Teleorman County (0.68)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)

Oilfield Places: Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Moesian Platform > Balaria Field (0.99)

SPE Disciplines:

Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery (1.00)
Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Processing Systems and Design > Separation and treating (1.00)

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Development of the In-Situ Combustion Process on an Industrial Scale at Videle Field, Rumania

Turta, Alexandru T., Pantazi, Ion G.

OnePetroNovember, 1986

Summary The Sarmatian 3 Videle field is among the largest heavy-oil reservoirs currently known in the world. The oil viscosity under reservoir conditions ranges from 30 to 120 cp [30 to 120 mPa s]. There are three producing horizons: Sarmatian 3a and 3b, partially overlying Sarmatian 3c. producing horizons: Sarmatian 3a and 3b, partially overlying Sarmatian 3c. The field was discovered in 1959. During 1964 to 1976, a water-injection project was gradually expanded to the whole reservoir area. The average oil recovery at the present time is about 13%, and the producing wells are approaching the economic limit-the producing oil/water producing wells are approaching the economic limit-the producing oil/water ratio is higher than 25. For this reason, it was decided to study the feasibility of producing the field by in-situ combustion to recover additional tertiary oil. To obtain the necessary data, three field combustion pilots located upstructure in various areas of the reservoir are being operated. The performance of the three tests is presented and discussed. The favorable performance of the three tests is presented and discussed. The favorable results obtained so far justify the full-scale application of the in-situ combustion process. A linedrive scheme has been selected so that a more or less continuous combustion front will move downdip. To supply the necessary air for a combustion front of more than 11.2 miles [18 km] in length, a giant compression capacity of about 247.2 × 10 6 scf/D [7 × 10 6 std m3/d] will he required. Introduction On the basis of the successful combustion operations conducted fieldwide at suplacu de Barcau, as well as the favorable results obtained by the in-situ combustion experiment in the Balaria field, a study has been undertaken to determine the feasibility of the in-situ combustion process in the Videle field. The Sarmatian 3 Videle and Balaria fields are located near each other and have similar rock and fluid characteristics. Their reservoir drive mechanisms, however, are different; while Balaria produces under natural water drive, the water drive in the Videle field is so weak that a water-injection project had to be applied. An in-situ combustion test was started in 1975 in the Balaria Sarmatian reservoir. After 4 years, the favorable results obtained led to the decision to expand the combustion test to a full-scale project. This paper presents the results obtained in the in-situ combustion tests performed in the Videle field as a tool for increasing oil recovery in a relatively heavy-oil reservoir produced by peripheral and internal water injection. The basic ideas of expanding the in-situ combustion process to full-scale operations are discussed. process to full-scale operations are discussed. Geology and Reservoir Properties The Videle field is located in the southern part of Rumania, about 72.4 miles [117 km] west-southwest of Bucharest. The Videle structure is a monocline 11.2 miles [18 km] long with about a 2.5-mile [4-km] lateral extent. A typical well log is shown in Fig. 1. The Sarmatian 3 Videle field consists of three producing horizons, Sarmatian 3a ( ), Sarmatian 3b ( ), and Sarmatian 3c ( ). Oil is being produced unsegregated from the first two (upper) intervals, 3a and b. The Sa and the Sa are either massive facies or are separated by discontinuous impermeable stringers, forming the pay zone Sa. The Sa is separated from S by an impermeable sequence of clayey layers, ranging from 20 to 46 ft [6 to 14 m] in thickness and extending over the whole surface of Sa. The productive zones range from 2,132 to 2,789 ft [650 to 850 m] and consist of slightly consolidated medium-to-fine-grained sand in Sa and loose, fine-to-very-fine-grained sand in Sa. Sa and Sa are not present in all field areas. Because the Sarmatian Sea overlapped the Cretaceous relief eroded earlier, the aforementioned horizons gradually disappear eastward. The intercommunicating blocks of the Sa, the limits of the Sa and of the Sa, and the location of the Videle reservoir relative to the Balaria reservoir are shown in Fig. 2. A schematic section of the West Videle field is shown in Fig. 3. In East Videle, the Sa strata rest directly on Cretaceous formations. A gradual increase in oil viscosity from west to east is evident in Sa the net pay thickness and the permeability are decreasing in the same direction. The rock is oil-wet both in Videle and in Balaria. The main properties of the strongly undersaturated heavy oil of the Sa Videle and of properties of the strongly undersaturated heavy oil of the Sa Videle and of the Sa Balaria are given in Table 1. SPEFE p. 556

OnePetro

doi: 10.2118/10709-PA

SPE

SPE-10709-PA

SPE Reservoir Engineering

Country:

Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Teleorman County (1.00)
Europe > Romania > București - Ilfov Development Region > Municipality of Bucharest > Bucharest (0.24)

Geologic Time:

Phanerozoic > Cenozoic (1.00)
Phanerozoic > Mesozoic > Cretaceous (0.44)

Industry:

Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
Water & Waste Management > Water Management > Lifecycle > Disposal/Injection (0.77)

Oilfield Places:

Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Moesian Platform > Videle Field (0.99)
Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Moesian Platform > Balaria Field (0.99)

SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery > Thermal methods (1.00)

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SP 8 In-Situ Combustion–An Effective Method to Enhance Oil Recovery in Romania

Carcoana, A. N. (Research and Design Institute for Oil and Gas, Romania) | Machedon, V. C. (Research and Design Institute for Oil and Gas, Romania) | Pantazi, I. G. (Research and Design Institute for Oil and Gas, Romania) | Petcovici, V. C. (Research and Design Institute for Oil and Gas, Romania) | Turta, A. T. (Research and Design Institute for Oil and Gas, Romania)

OnePetroAugust, 1983

The almost 20 years' experience gained in operating in situ combustion projects in Romanian oil fields will be discussed in connection with three industrial projects and 13 pilot tests, of which seven are to be soon expanded to industrial operations. The in situ combustion process has been applied as both secondary and tertiary method to oil reservoirs, containing oils ranging in density from 840 kg/m3 (37 "API) to 960 kg/m3 (16 "API), occurring at depths varying between 100 m and 1200 m; the reservoirs consist of one or several pay zones. A series of data concerning the large project conducted in the Suplacu de Barcãu field and the important project to be started in the near future in Videle-Bãlãria field will be presented to illustrate the present state of in situ combustion technology in Romania. The main difficulties encountered in field operations are presented, along with the total or partial solutions that have been worked out. The engineering thinking, on which the field test design is based, involves consideration of field-wide expansion of the process, in order that oil production operations might be as continuous and economical as possible. It has been estimated that from the total EOR oil recoverable reserves in Romania, 41% will be produced by in situ combustion.

OnePetro

WPC

WPC-20242

11th World Petroleum Congress

application, combustion, combustion front, combustion process, enhanced recovery, ignition, in situ combustion, operation, petcovici, Pilot Test, production well, reservoir, Romania, SAGD, situ combustion-oil recovery, steam-assisted gravity drainage, Suplacu, thermal method, Upstream Oil & Gas

Country:

Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Teleorman County (0.34)
Europe > Romania > Nord-Vest Development Region > Bihor County (0.24)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)

Oilfield Places:

Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Moesian Platform > Moreni Field (0.99)
Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Moesian Platform > Videle Field (0.94)
Europe > Romania > Nord-Vest Development Region > Suplacu de Barcau Field (0.94)
Europe > Romania > Nord-Est Development Region > Dofteana Field (0.94)

SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery > Thermal methods (1.00)

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Enhanced Oil Recovery in Rumania

Carcoana, Aurel N.

OnePetroApril, 1982

Carcoana, Aurel N.; Research and Design Inst. for Oil and Gas Abstract The wide oil field experience of the Romanian oil men in producing hydrocarbon reservoirs is based on an old tradition, but only after 1945 reservoir engineering studies were started in Romania. Beginning with 1950 conventional recovery methods expanded continual. During the last 10 years, however, the crude oil, as energy resource, has become of tremendous importance. The need for increasing the ultimate oil recovery has been felt in Romania as everywhere else. To attain this goal EOR methods were and are tested and expanded on a commercial scale. The paper describes the application of the fire-floods to a broad range of Romanian oil reservoirs and crude properties and reviews the field tests of polymer flooding, surfactant flooding and alkaline flooding. A commercial scale project with cyclic steam injection is presented and also the use of the domestic CO 2 sources to enhance oil recovery. The results and the difficulties encountered are briefly discussed and also the potential of EOR methods in Romania are presented. Introduction The Romanian oil fields present a large variety of characteristics. They generally range from 100 to 4800 meters in depth and from a few meters to several tens of meters in thickness. Productive formations dip varies from 2–3 in the Moesique Platform and the Panonian Depression to as much as 70-90 in the diapir fold area, where salt occur at the surface. The reservoir rocks are mostly continuously layered and are sands, sandstones, limestones or combinations of those ones, having low, high and very high flowing capacities, with viscous and heavy crude oil to less viscous and light ones. Strong faulting and folding hindered in most cases a significant natural water encroachment. As a result, the main recovery mechanisms have been dissolved gas drive and gravity drainage. The application and the development of the gas injection and waterflooding have led to an average country ultimate oil recovery of 30% IOIP. Beginning with 1973 a national EOR Program was set up. As it is known - the term "enhanced oil recovery" (EOR) refers, in the broadest sense, to any method used to recover more oil from a petroleum reservoir than would be obtained by primary recovery -/10/. However, for this paper EOR involves the methods by which additional oil is obtained over that which can be recovered by conventional methods 1/17/.The Program requiring the country-wide analysis of the oil fields and recommending the adequate recovery methods for enhancing ultimate oil recovery, as well as the actions to be taken, must to assure, over the next 20 years, an average country ultimate recovery estimated around 40 – 42% IOIP. THERMAL METHODS IN SITU COMBUSTION. The discovery in 1960 of one of the largest heavy oil reservoir in Romania which is Suplacu de Barcau, with an 0.96 oil relative density, the low ultimate oil recovery of 9% IOIP estimated by primary recovery and the low oil rate of 1–3 m3/d per well obtained, have primary recovery and the low oil rate of 1–3 m3/d per well obtained, have determined thermal methods to be taken into consideration. Two parallel steam drive and in situ combustion field experiments have been conducted (1964–1966) and the results were favorable evaluated. Because of the lack of steam generators, the in situ combustion was the method expanded on a commercial scale. Till 1981 the Suplacu de Barcau in situ combustion line-drive process involves 370 producers and 50 injectors and supports a 4.8 km long burning front, moving downdip from the line of injection wells. The injected air amount is 2.1 × 10 6 sm3/d, the air-oil ratio is maintained around 2 × 10 3 sm3 per m3 and the oil production increase to 1200 m3/d (Fig. 1). p. 367

OnePetro

doi: 10.2118/10699-MS

SPE

SPE-10699-MS

SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Symposium

Country: Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Dâmbovița County (0.28)

Geologic Time: Phanerozoic > Cenozoic (0.48)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)

Oilfield Places:

Europe > Romania > Vest Development Region > Pannonian Basin > Călacea Field (0.99)
Europe > Romania > Vest Development Region > Carpathian Basin > Călacea Field (0.99)
Europe > Romania > Sud-Vest Oltenia Development Region > South Carpathian Basin > Ticleni Field (0.99)
(2 more...)

SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery > Thermal methods (1.00)

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PANEL DISCUSSION: Advances in Simulation of Petroleum Reservoirs by Mathematical Methods

Listed, Not

OnePetroMay, 1975

The basic partial differential equations that describe the multiphase flow of fluids through multidimensional porous media have been well known for over 30 years. However, it was not until high speed digital computers became widely available that the solution of these equations became possible. It is the various complexities introduced by flow geometry and phase behaviour that have created three general approaches to simulation of petroleum reservoirs. The first approach is to use various techniques for solution of the multiphase flow equations assuming that the fluid properties of the oil, gas and water are functions of pressure only and that the flow occurs through the porous media according to Darcy's law. The second approach is to add the additional complexity of simultaneously solving the phase relationships so that the movement and phase of individual molecular species is accounted for. The third general approach is to introduce the additional complexity of flow both through porous media and through fractures. All three approaches have a common goal-to mathematically simulate the behaviour of a petroleum reservoir so that various production strategies can be investigated and the maximum recovery of petroleum obtained. All authors of the five official papers agree that the use of petroleum reservoir simulation is leading toward optimal recovery of hydrocarbons and therefore conservation. Two papers were presented on the application of solutions of the fundamental flow equations. G. IOACHIM et al. reported the application of solutions to the fractional flow equations for simulation of complete water drive and pressure maintained reservoirs. This technique was applied to forecast oil production and recovery from a line drive water flood pilot test in the Sarmatian reservoir, Videle Field (Romania). Discussion centred on the accuracy with which the model predicted actual performance. The AUTHOR stated that insufficient data were obtained to be able to monitor all parts of the solution. However, the water-oil ratio information indicated that a satisfactory match was obtained. The history of the Sarmatian reservoir, Balteni Field (Romania) was used as an example to indicate satisfactory agreement between the forecasting technique and actual field results. N. R. MONTEIRO presented the second paper on application of the fundamental flow equations. A two-dimensional, three-phase simulation was performed to model the solution gas drive natural depletion of the Sao Paulo 4 reservoir, Miranga Field, Block 2 (Brazil). A satisfactory match was obtained of the natural depletion observed in the field. The importance of obtaining good pressure and fluid production data was shown. Data shown in the prese

OnePetro

WPC

WPC-16325

9th World Petroleum Congress

Country:

North America > United States (0.97)
South America > Brazil > São Paulo (0.24)
South America > Brazil > Bahia (0.24)
(3 more...)

Genre: Collection (0.41)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)

Oilfield Places:

South America > Brazil > Bahia > Reconcavo Basin > Miranga Field > Ilhas Formation (0.99)
South America > Brazil > Bahia > Reconcavo Basin > Miranga Field > Gomo Formation (0.99)
South America > Brazil > Bahia > Reconcavo Basin > Miranga Field > Candeias Formation (0.99)
(3 more...)

SPE Disciplines:

Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Simulation (1.00)
Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (1.00)
Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization (1.00)
(3 more...)

Technology: Information Technology > Modeling & Simulation (0.69)

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LE GISEMENT PETROLIFERE DE BUCSANI

Stefanesco, D. (Geologue a l'Institut Geologique de Roumanie)

OnePetroJune, 1937

RESUME f Le gisement de Bucsani (départ. de Dâmboviìa), l'un des plus impOTlanls 8 e .b F v U D manie, mis en valeur au cours des deux dernières ann ées, est locaUsé sur un plt dzaplr typique, aux confins de la zone mio-pliocène sub-carputhigue et de la Plazne rOUmaW. Les prospections de surface et les données obtenues par de nombreux sondages Ont kt6 mises à profit pour donner une image structurale du diapir: en prenani comme niveaurepère (le toit de Méotien. La straligraphie et la tectonique de l'anticlinal sofit discutées & lQ lumzère des connazssances actuelles sur les plis subcarpaihigues du voisznage. Le pétrole imprègne, à Bucsani, les horizons sableur du MPouen, groupés en trois COW plexes, l'inférieur &ant le plus imporlant et ConsMuant la base de l'exgloiiation dan$ tout le chantier. Le pétrole y est paraffineux. Son poids spécijique varie de 0,815 à 0,830. Les gaz qU3 t'accompagnent contiennent de 80 à 150 gr. de gazaIlne par mètre cube. La production moyenne en pétrole, par hectare exploité monte h environ 15.000 tonnes. La production totale obtenue dans ce chantier, entre le 20 novembre 1934 et de 31 décembre 1936, est de 2.775.800 tonnes. Plusieurs documents graphiques, cartes, esquisses et profils, annex és à ce travail. complètent le texte et en facilitent Ila lecture. SUMMARY T he Bucsani field (Department of Dambovit, t), one of the most imporlant in Ruma - j) nia, worked on during the last two years. is locateit on a typical diapir fold, at the bOTderS of the Subcarpathian mio-pliceneous zone, and the Rumanian plain. Surface prospections, and datas obtained by sever$ drtllings haue been used for map p2ng the diapir structure, takinq as key level the Meotian toi. StTatigraphy and Tectonic 0: t he anticline are discussed in connexiion with actual knowle ge of the neighbouring Subcap palhian folds. A t Bucsani, the oil is in the sandy Meoliun levels, grouped in three complexes, the lower one being the most imporlant and forming the basis of expZoitation for the WhOU field. T he oil is paraffinous. Its specific weight ranges from 0,815 to 0,830. The gas contain f rom 80 to 150 gr. of gazoline by cubic meler, The aueraqe oil production amounts to aoout 15.1330 metric tons by worked hectare. The whole production get out of this fielld, from November 20th. 1934 to December 31st. 1936, .., a mounts to 2.775.800 metric tons. Several graphic documents, cards, sketches, sections, annexed lo lhis Teport complete the text and make it easier to read. AUSZUG Das Erddlfeld von Buseani n (Bezirk Ddmhovita) eines der bedeutendsten in de.n letzten ((zwei Jahren in Rumanien in Reirieb genommenen, befindet sich in einer typischen Diapir-Falte, an der Grenze clPr subkarpafhischen Miozan-Pliozanzone und der rumänischen Ebern, Die Untersuchungen der Erdoberflache und die durch zahslreiche Boh

OnePetro

WPC

WPC-2054

2nd World Petroleum Congress

Country: Europe > Romania > Sud-Muntenia Development Region > Dâmbovița County (0.24)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.34)

SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (0.58)

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