Criteria for the CPT-Based Liquefaction Severity Index Classification

Ku, Chih-Sheng (I-Shou University) | Chen, Chao-Wei (I-Shou University) | Lee, Ya-Chun (I-Shou University)

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ABSTRACT The liquefaction potential index (LPI) has been widely applied to ground liquefaction hazard assessment. The liquefaction severity index (LSI) was similar to the LPI. In this paper, Robertson unified CPT-based method was applied to conduct the LSI of cases histories in two liquefaction areas, Adapazari in Turkey and Yuanlin City in Taiwan. The statistical method is applied to set the LSI threshold values for the low ground liquefaction potential, the medium ground liquefaction potential and the high ground liquefaction potential as 15.2, 29.2 and 48.4, respectively. INTRODUCTION Earthquake-induced liquefaction may cause ground damage or structural damage. Iwasaki et al. (1982) proposed the liquefaction potential index (LPI) for ground liquefaction risk assessment. The LPI can be defined by eq. (1). In eq. (1), when the safety factor FS (equation) 1.0, the liquefaction resistance factor is set to FL=1-FS. If the safety factor FS>1.0 and FL=0, the depth weighting factor W(z)=10-0.5z, where z is the distance to the ground surface (m), FS can be calculated by the liquefaction assessment method. According to six earthquakes in Japan, 64 liquefaction cases and 23 non-liquefaction cases have been analyzed. Iwasaki et al. (1982) recommended the risk classification by liquefaction potential index (Table 1). (equation) Many researchers adopted Iwasaki's index as a reference for regional earthquake liquefaction risk assessment (Toprak and Holzer, 2003; Papathanassiou et al. 2005; Sonmez et al. 2008; Heidari and Andrus, 2010; Kang et al. 2014; Maurer et al. 2014; Rahman et al. 2015; Sana and Nath, 2016). Li et al. (2006) investigated the effect of adopting different models for FS in the LPI framework on the computed LPI value, their results of the LPI calibration analyses showed the obvious effect of adopting different models for FS. Moreover, the FS model that was characterized with a mean probability of approximately 0.35 yielded the "best" results. Juang et al. (2008) indicated that the Iwasaki criterion is not universally applicable, and the LPI threshold must be recalibrated when any component in the model of the LPI framework is replaced with a new component.

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