Geophysical And Rock Mechanics Investigations At Berke Dam Site

Bozdag, T. (Middle East Technical University) | San, D. (Middle East Technical University) | Pasamehrnetoglu, A.G. (Middle East Technical University)

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ABSTRACT: Characteristics of in situ rock can be estimated from the rock mechanics investigations and from the propagation and shapes of elastic waves. In recent years, besides the rock mechanic studies, seismic methods are highly used for the testing of surface and underground facilities, large dams and earthquake engineering subjects. For this purpose, a geophysical investigations (which concerns seismic-refraction and tomography studies) and rock mechanics studies (laboratory tests) are carried out at Burke dam site right bank in Adana-Turkey. In this paper, the results of field and laboratory studies are given and rock mass is classified according to seismic velocity and rock type conditions. RESUME: Les caracteristiques in-situ des roches peuvent etre esteems à partir des recherche de la mecanique des roches et de la propagation et de la found des nodes elastiques. Dans les dernieres annees, les màthods sismiques sont frequemmeut utilisees, à côte des etudes de mecanique des roches, pour tester la surface et Ie housetrain des battements, des grinds barrages et des suits dans Ie eider du genie seminude. Une etude geophysique (sismique-refraction et tomographic) et de mecanique des roches a ete menee dans la rive droite du site de barrage Burke, à Adana, Turquie. Dans cette publication, mons preseutons les resultats de terrain et des etudes de laboratoire et une classification des caracteristiques des roches seton les vitesses sismiques et des conditions de types de roches. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Charakteristiken von dem Feels an Ort und Stele ken man aus felsmechanischen Forschungen und von der Übertragung und Formen von elastischen Welled beurteilen. In den latten Ahrens werden nubbin felsmechanischen Untersuchungen in hohem Maße seismische Methoden fuer die Pruefung von Tagesoberflache und Untertageeinrichtungen, großen Drammen und Erdbeben Ingenieurthemen benutzt. Fur diesen Zweck wurde seine geophysische Frosting (welche seismische Refraction und tomografische Forschungen betreffen) und felsmechanische Untersuchungen (Laboruntersuchungen) an der rechten Bank des Burke Dammgelandes in Adana- Tuerkei durchgefuehrt. In diesel Ericht wurden die Ergebnisse von Fled und Laboruntersuchungen gegeben und Felsmassecharakterisierung ist gemaß zu seismischer Geschwindigkeit und Felsartzustand klassifiziert. 1 INTRODUCTION The rock mechanics studies in field and laboratory for determining the physical and geological character of the rocks and ground are widely used. Due to strict safety specifications requirement for ground and underground facilities, the seismic testing is extensively used. These methods are practical and convenient for determining a stratigraphic map and information on the geological character and mechanical properties of the rockmass. For the purpose of seismic measurements, the seismic-refraction and seismic-tomography methods are commonly used techniques. A common feature of all these methods is that information can be derived from travel times and wave-forms of a wave propagating from the shot point to the receiving point. Using only seismic-refraction data can be misleading for solution of a variety of geotechnical and earthquake engineering problems. When a rock formation with high seismic velocity overlies materials of lower velocity, seismic velocity of the beneath formation cannot be determined. To overcome this constraint, the technique of seismic tomography, similar to X-ray computer tomography measurements for reconstructing internal images of the human body, can be used. Although this technique is complex and expensive it is the only technique which can give precise two-dimensional velocity distribution through a given zone enclosed by boreholes, test adits or ground surface. This two dimensional velocity image can be interpreted in terms of a two-dimensional distribution of rock properties (ISRM, 1988). To define the rock mass classification accurately, in-situ seismic velocity investigations have to be supported with laboratory rock mechanics studies. In this study, the geophysical investigation and rock mechanical studies carried out at Burke dam site right bank in Adana- Turkey are presented (Fig. 1). Burke project includes a 201 m high, double curvature, thin, concrete arch dam being constructed on Cayman river with its height is rank as first in Turkey and eighteenth in the world in concrete dam classification. The stratigraphic map, geology and rock mass characterization of the investigated field is established under the light of seismic and rock mechanics investigation.

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