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Collaborating Authors
Overview of active and passive seismic data acquisition and monitoring at the Illinois Basin: Decatur project
Williams-Stroud, Sherilyn (Illinois State Geological Survey) | Leetaru, Hannes (Illinois State Geological Survey) | Bauer, Robert A. (Illinois State Geological Survey) | Greenberg, Sallie (Illinois State Geological Survey) | Whittaker, Steven (Illinois State Geological Survey)
ABSTRACT The Illinois Basin – Decatur Project (IBDP) is an integrated carbon capture and geological storage project conducted at the Archer Daniels Midland Company’s (ADM) corn processing plant in Decatur, Illinois, USA (Figure 1). Nearly 1.1 million tons (1 million tonnes) of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO) was injected into the base of a 500 m thick saline sandstone reservoir at a depth of 2140 m over three years from 2011 to 2014. Prior to injection, an extensive investigation of site conditions included monitoring of air, soil, groundwater, and bedrock. Monitoring activities continued through the three-year injection period, and are ongoing during the post-injection period and scheduled to continue into the first quarter of 2020. As part of this site characterization and monitoring effort, an extensive and varied suite of seismic data has been collected. The seismic data includes three 2D seismic reflection lines across the site, several borehole vertical seismic profile (VSP) acquisitions, two different 3D seismic data volumes acquired four years apart, passive seismic monitoring from geophones installed in two different boreholes (and temporarily in a third), and passive seismic monitoring from an array of earthquake seismometers on the surface above the injection site. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 17, 2019 Session Start Time: 1:50 PM Presentation Start Time: 2:15 PM Location: 301B Presentation Type: Oral
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (0.94)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics > Earthquake (0.91)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.55)
- North America > United States > Kentucky > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Indiana > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Illinois > Illinois Basin (0.99)
ABSTRACT Monitoring microseismicity during the injection of CO has the potential to provide vital data and feedback on a range of timescales: from real-time to longer term analysis. Minimising the risk of seismic hazard and CO leakage, while ensuring the injected CO is conforming to the injection plan are all possible with an effective microseismic monitoring programme. However, the most reliable interpretation of microseismic data comes from accurate and precisely located events, which is not always achievable with a typical monitoring network. In this study we provide an overview of some different analytical techniques used at the Illinois Basin Decatur project (IBDP) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) site, to help constrain microseismic locations with the goal of improving the understanding of the subsurface response to CO injection. Presentation Date: Tuesday, September 17, 2019 Session Start Time: 1:50 PM Presentation Start Time: 3:30 PM Location: 301B Presentation Type: Oral
- Geology > Structural Geology (0.47)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock (0.46)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (0.46)
- North America > United States > Kentucky > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Indiana > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Illinois > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- (2 more...)
Abstract Borehole geophysical methods are a key component of subsurface monitoring of geologic CO2 storage sites because boreholes form a locus where geophysical measurements can be compared directly with the controlling geology. Borehole seismic methods, including intrawell, crosswell, and surface-to-borehole acquisition, are useful for site characterization, surface seismic calibration, 2D/3D time-lapse imaging, and microseismic monitoring. Here, we review the most common applications of borehole seismic methods in the context of storage monitoring and consider the role that detailed geophysical simulations can play in answering questions that arise when designing monitoring plans. Case study examples are included from the multitude of CO2 monitoring projects that have demonstrated the utility of borehole seismic methods for this purpose over the last 20 years.
- North America > United States (1.00)
- North America > Canada > Ontario (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics (0.68)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (0.46)
Summary We demonstrate a workflow to simulate seismicity generated by CO2 injection into the In Salah field, Algeria. Seismic activity in hydrocarbon reservoirs is caused by stress changes on pre-existing fractures that lead to their re-activation. As inputs to our workflow, a history-matched reservoir flow simulation is used to model changes in pressure caused by injection; while a geomechanical model gives the stress state at each node of the flow model. The locations, lengths, and orientations of pre-existing fractures in the reservoir are modeled via a mass-spring solver, which restores the faulted, folded reservoir to its initial, undeformed conditions. This algorithm predicts the intensity and orientation of strain through the model, from which fracture sets can be generated. To simulate seismicity during CO2 injection, we compute changes in effective stress caused by pore pressure changes, and map these stress changes into shear and normal stresses acting on the fractures. Where stresses exceed Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria, seismic events are predicted. We compare our modeled events with observed seismicity at In Salah, finding excellent agreement between model and observation in terms of event timing, event location, and event magnitude.
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics > Earthquake (0.70)
Abstract Quest is a commercial scale, fully integrated carbon capture and storage project and the first connected to the oil sands. Located in Alberta, Canada, Quest is designed to capture and safely store more than one million tonnes of CO2 each year – equal to the emissions from about 250,000 cars. This represents one-third of the emissions from the Scotford Upgrader, which transforms bitumen into crude for refining into fuel and other products. CO2 injection began on the 23 of August 2015 and the project has successfully captured and stored over 1 million tonnes of CO2 in its first year of operation. Startup was successful and followed a staged approach. First, the three capture units were commissioned with a period of run-in, then the compression and conditioning, followed by displacement of the nitrogen from the pipeline, before finally moving to injecting around 3000 tonnes per day into the Basal Cambrian Sandstone saline aquifer; using two of three available wells. The injectivity and pressure dissipation has been exceptionally good allowing the third well to be reserved for interference testing. During the start of injection, the production technology team worked in the Scotford control room and ran real time transient flow simulations of the CO2 expansion across the well head chokes and into the wells. This allowed the operators to pro-actively manage the ramp up. To our knowledge this is the first time that this has been done. The onshore storage is deploying cutting edge monitoring technology – fibre optic vertical seismic profiles and line of sight surface CO2 detection; along with microsesimic and extensive pressure monitoring. This paper outlines the experience with starting up the facilities and wells and will present the results of the first year of operation. It will present the experience from stakeholder engagement, the capture plant, the compression system, pipeline, wells and monitoring.
- North America > Canada > Saskatchewan > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin (0.99)
- North America > Canada > Northwest Territories > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin (0.99)
- North America > Canada > Manitoba > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin (0.99)
- (3 more...)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Storage Reservoir Engineering > CO2 capture and sequestration (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Near-well and vertical seismic profiles (1.00)
- (5 more...)