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Collaborating Authors
High-Performance-Low-Invasion Fluids Technology Enhances, Optimizes Drilling Efficiency in the Gulf of Suez - Egypt
Mohamed, Youssry Abd El-Aziz (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Kheir, Mahmoud Mohamed (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Al-Zahry, Ayman Abd El-ghany (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Salama, Ayman Salama (Gupco / Dragon Oil Limited) | Ouda, Abdalla Ahmed (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Co.) | Abou El Maati, Lotfi Ibrahim (Gupco / Dragon Oil Limited) | Ahmed, Mohamed Farouk (Gupco / Dragon Oil Limited) | Mohamed, Sally Ahmed (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Co.)
High Performance Low-Invasion Fluids Technology Enhances, Optimizes Drilling Efficiency in the Gulf of Suez – Egypt Objectives / Scope: The main objective of this paper is to characterize the drilled shale formation in order to select and propose a "tailored" High Performance Low Invasion Fluids (HPLIF) system aided by Bridging Particles Optimization Tool (BPOT), capable of maximize hole stability in pressure depleted sands, allowing optimized well design through reactive and dispersible shale formations that eliminated one casing section, and to replace Oil Base Mud (OBM) and avoid its HSE issues related to use it, consequently, reduce formation damage, eliminate waste management cost, minimizing Non Productive Time (NPT) and finally enhances Drilling performance. Methods, Procedures, Process: This paper explain the reactivity information about Shale Samples recovered from different wells drilled in the-GOS-Egypt followed by extensive laboratory testing done in order to characterize the main clay minerals presented in the samples using X-Ray Diffraction-(XRD) technology and their meso-and micro-structure by Scanning-Electron-Microscope-(SEM) and their reactivity to compare the inhibition efficiency of the proposed-(HPLIF)-System with Blank and Conventional Water-Base-Fluid-System. The reactivity of the cuttings was assessed by Dispersion, Swelling and Hardness tests. Field application experienced (HPLIF) System combined with Well-Bore Strengthening Materials (WSM) gives the required protection against induced losses and reducing the risk of differential sticking problems when mud overbalance is above 2500 psi. Results, Observations, Conclusions: Compared with the use of conventional fluid systems, Field data demonstrated the successful application of (HPLIF) System combined with (WSM) and shows a great success during drilling through reactive clays, dispersive shale, naturally micro fractured, and depleted sand formations in many wells drilled in the GOS. Drilling operations reported no differential sticking, or wellbore instability issues even at highly mud overbalance or at highly deviated wells. The first challenged well R1-63 was drilled about 2391 ft, through 8.5" hole using 9.8-10.01 ppg using (HPLIF) system, penetrating through Thebes, Esna Shale, Sudr, Brown Lime Stone, Matulla, Nubia"A" Sand and Nubia "B" without any down-hole losses. Additionally, there was no sticking tendency experienced during drilling or while recording pressure points. The Non Productive Time NPT showed a reduction by about 19.2%. Finally, it ran and was cemented the "7" Liner in open hole successfully without problem. For the second challenged case well # 2, the Open hole was exposed to (HPLIF) water based mud system for a long period of time while rig repairing, rig switching, and during drilling operation. The well had 6" hole from 12,752 To/14,945 (2193.0ft) through Red bed, Thebes Esna, Sudr, Matulla and Nubia Sand formations with max inclination 68.6° and bottom hole temperature 325°F using 10.0-10.5 ppg (HPLIF) system, the 4.5"liner successfully was ran, cemented without any problems. The-HPLIF-System has also been shown to give excellent wellbore stability in brittle shales Fm where bedding planes or micro-fractures can become pressurized with mud, leading to wellbore instability. This innovation avoids induced lost circulation and differential sticking when the mud overbalance is expected to be greater than ±2500 psi. Additionally, the proposed solution enhances the drilling operation, reduces the waste management costs, eliminates a possible additional casing string, and finally minimizes the (NPT) which reflects on the overall cost of drilling these challenged wells.
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez (0.93)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Suez Governorate > Suez (0.60)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (1.00)
- Geology > Mineral (1.00)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez > Gulf of Suez Basin > Ramadan Field (0.99)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez > Gulf of Suez Basin > Kareem Formation > Shagar Member (0.98)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez > Gulf of Suez Basin > Nubia Formation (0.96)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > South Sinai Governorate > Lagia Field > Nukhul Formation (0.94)
Innovative Polymeric Nanoparticles Associated with Engineered Bridging Particles Solve Depleted Reservoir Drilling Challenges (Case Study: Gulf of Suez)
Mohamed, Youssry Abd El-Aziz (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Ahmed, Ragab Saber (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | El-Agamy, Helal Ahmed (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Kheir, Mahmoud Mohamed (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Ahmed, Sherif Saber (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Hassan, Samer Hazem (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | A.Hady, Ahmed Saber (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Al-Zahry, Ayman Abd El-ghany (Egyptian Mud Engineering and Chemicals Company) | Salama, Ayman Mohamed (GUPCO / Dragon Oil Limited) | Gaber, Lotfey Ahmed (GUPCO / Dragon Oil Limited) | Ouda, Abdalla Ahmed (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Co., GUPCO) | Ismail, Ahmed Ibrahim (GUPCO / Dragon Oil Limited) | Mohamed, Mohamed Farouk (GUPCO / Dragon Oil Limited) | Mohamed, Sally Ahmed (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Co., GUPCO)
Abstract Over the years, the drilling fluids industry has focused on solving problems related to non-productive time, primarily wellbore stability and lost circulation. Today, drilling fluids have evolved into high technology fluids that maximize drilling efficiencies, overcome anticipated drilling risks, and provide a stable wellbore within budget. Drilling a single hole section to accommodate formations with different pore pressures, formations such as unstable shales and into a depleted sand reservoir under a high temperature environment can be very challenging. To promote wellbore stability, a higher fluid density is often required to balance the highest possible pore pressure and minimize the potential for any formation break-out due to prevailing in-situ stress conditions. Increased fluid density will lead to a higher differential pressure across the depleted reservoir layers, and hence, the risk of lost circulation will increase. The risks of formation stability and lost circulation therefore create greater challenges for the planning team in order to drill the depleted reservoir in a one-hole section. A novel approach of using polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) in the design of a non-aqueous drilling fluid with an optimized and selective range of pre-determined, sized bridging materials based on software modelling has been applied successfully at the Saqqara field in the shallow waters of the Gulf of Suez to eliminate or minimize the risks associated with drilling the depleted reservoirs. A case study is included, which was the main motivation for writing this paper. The case study covers two wells that were sidetracked and drilled successfully as 6-inch hole sections, penetrating the abnormally pressured formations with a relatively lower fluid density compared to data from offset wells and the subnormally depleted reservoirs, with up to 2,600 PSI overbalance with a bottom hole temperature (BHT) of up to 350° F. The effectiveness of the polymeric NPs can be attributed to unique characteristics such as a very high specific surface area of 33.7 m2/g, narrow particle size distribution (PSD) between 135 and 255 nm with a D50 value of 179 nm, and their deformable nature leading to effective sealing performance. The effect of these NPs on the properties of oil-based drilling fluids has been evaluated through a variety of experimental lab tests. Rheological properties at different temperatures and filtrate loss were measured to study the effect of the NPs on the base fluid. The study indicated that small concentrations of NPs could provide a better performance for the drilling fluid along with high temperature resistance. This work focused on the role of NPs in designing a smart drilling fluid with tailor-made rheological and filtration properties. The paper also briefly describes the operations and discusses the challenges related to drilling in depleted reservoirs and how new drilling fluid technology makes difficult wells possible to drill
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (1.00)
- North America > United States (0.94)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez (0.34)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (0.89)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.49)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.36)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez > Gulf of Suez Basin > Saqqara Field > Nubia Formation (0.99)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez > Gulf of Suez Basin > Nubia Formation (0.99)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Gulf of Suez > Gulf of Suez Basin > Kareem Formation > Shagar Member (0.94)
The Successful Application of Customized Fluids System to Effectively Bridge Across Extreme Overbalance Conditions – Case Histories from Saudi Arabian Field.
Maley, Iain (Baker Hughes Incorporated) | Jadhav, Prakash (Baker Hughes Incorporated) | Everhard, Ian L. (Baker Hughes Incorporated) | Addagalla, Ajay (Baker Hughes Incorporated) | Hassan, Mohammad Omran (Baker Hughes Incorporated) | Kosandar, Balraj (Baker Hughes Incorporated)
Abstract Drilling lateral re-entry gas wells in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia has become a serious challenge with casing string design limitations leading to excessive overbalance pressures of over 5,450 psi across highly permeable Carbonate (Limestone and Dolomite) formations. The challenges associated with drilling these re-entry build up sections are as below - Salt water influxes through the Jilh formations Expected severe losses across Khuff A and B formations High density fluid management issues with losses and influx situations Differential sticking across low pressure formations Wellbore instability across the overlying Sudhair reactive shale High angle section profiles (> 60° inclination). A customized fluid system was designed to overcome the above challenges associated with high overbalance pressure, targeting improved bridging, minimizing pore pressure transmission and increasing wellbore strengthening with increased hoop stress techniques. Software modelling and permeability plugging tests were performed to evaluate the fluid behavior under downhole conditions and to simulate the characteristics of induced micro fractures. Porosity, permeability and the likelihood of micro fracturing were considered to optimize the bridging mechanism and materials. These results identified a synthetic deformable sealing polymer combined with sized synthetic graphite and ground marble which showed considerable improvement in minimizing spurt and overall filtrate loss with minimum effect on the rheological parameters and stability of the fluid system. This paper describes the customized drilling fluids performance in two study wells as compared to offset wells. A comprehensive engineered approach addressed the challenges of drilling in such extreme overbalance conditions by using a revolutionary bridging technology. The lessons learned on these wells have been incorporated while drilling subsequent wells to continue to improve performance.
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (0.34)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Carbonate Rock > Dolomite (0.55)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.52)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Lower Fadhili Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff D Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff C Formation (0.99)
- (6 more...)
Nanotechnology Applications To Minimize Geo-Mechanical Related Challenges While Drilling Intercalated Sediments, Western Desert, Egypt
El Sherbeny, Wael (Baker Hughes) | Al-Baddaly, Hesham (Baker Hughes) | Rahal, Ayman (Baker Hughes) | Said, Mohamed (Baker Hughes) | Hardman, Douglas (Apache corporation) | Henry, Todd (Apache corporation)
Abstract Nanotechnology has become the buzz word of the decade! The precise manipulation and control a matter at dimensions of (1 – 100) nanometers have revolutionized many industries including the oil and gas industry. Nanotechnology applications have pierced through different petroleum disciplines from exploration, reservoir, drilling, completion, production, processing and finally to refining. Nanoparticles are the simplest form of the structures with sizes in the nm range. In principle, any collection of atoms bonded together with a structural radius of less than 100 nm can be considered a nanoparticle. The Tiny nature of nanoparticles results in some useful characteristics, such as an increased surface area to which other materials can bond in ways that make for stronger or more lightweight materials. At the nanoscale; size does matter when it comes to how molecules react to and bond with each other. The filter cake developed during nanoparticles-based drilling fluid filtration is very thin, which implies high potential for reducing the differential pressure sticking problem and formation damage while drilling. While drilling shales formations with nanodarcy (nD) permeability, Nanoparticles can be added to the drilling fluids to minimize shale permeability through physically plugging the nanosized pores and suppress the pressure transmission, hence Nanotechnology can provide a potential solution for environmentally sensitive areas where oil-based mud (OBM) historically used as a solution to stabilize shales. Geotechnical challenges normally increase with increasing well inclination due to the highly faulted nature of many of the formations. Pressures and temperatures are typically not excessive but the complex interlayering of shales, sandstones siltstones and limestones results in multiple problems associated with borehole instability. The Paper will reveal all lab work and field procedures for new Nanotechnology additive for wells that have an intercalated lithologies and tight reservoirs. Also paper will reveal the effectiveness of the nanotechnology additives to stabilize hole geometry that is demonstrated by comparison pre-nanotechnology wells and post-nanotechnology wells
- North America > United States (1.00)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt (0.84)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (0.69)
- Phanerozoic > Mesozoic > Cretaceous (0.93)
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic (0.68)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Western Desert > Greater Western Dester Basin > Faghur Basin > Safa Formation (0.99)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt > Western Desert > Alam El Bueib Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > New Mexico > Permian Basin > Atoka Field > San Andreas Formation (0.98)
- (10 more...)
Successful Application of Customized Fluid Using Specialized Synthetic Polymer in High Pressured Wells to Mitigate Differential Stikcing Problems by Minimizing Pore Pressure Transmission
Al-Muhailan, Mohannad Sulaiman (Kuwait Oil Co.) | Rajagopalan, Arun (Kuwait Oil Co.) | Al-Shayji, Al Aziz Khalid (Kuwait Oil Co.) | Jadhav, Prakash Balkrishna (Baker Hughes) | Khatib, Faiz Ismail (Baker Hughes)
Abstract Drilling deep wells in Kuwait has become a challenge due to excessive overbalance pressures up to 3,500 psi applied across a highly permeable sandstone/shale formation. High differential pressures leading to tight hole, string stalling, differentially stuck pipe and induced losses contribute to considerable non-productive time. The existence of a high pressure salt zone below this interval and a seven casing string design removed the further option of zonal isolation by casing. Traditionally, oil based mud with Calcium Carbonate of different sizes was used to reduce fluid invasion, but with limited success. A customized fluid system was designed to overcome the issue of high overbalance pressure targeting improved bridging, minimized pore pressure transmission and wellbore strengthening with increased hoop stress. Software modelling and permeability plugging tests were performed to evaluate the fluid behavior under downhole conditions and to predict the characteristics of induced micro fractures based on rock mechanics. Porosity, permeability and induced micro fractures were considered to optimize the bridging mechanism. These results identified a synthetic deformable sealing polymer combined with sized graphite and ground marble showed considerable improvement in minimizing filtrate spurt loss without altering the rheological parameters and stability of the OBM. A inclined well in sandstone/shale formation was selected for the application after suffering multiple wellbore instability and differential sticking incidents, resulting in more than 800 hours of non-productive time and a sidetrack. The new inclined section was successfully drilled with a stable wellbore, smooth trips, and no tight hole or sticking incidents. The borehole remained completely stable, even after 16 hours of 13 5/8" casing string suspended in 16" open hole without circulation. This paper analyzes the historical problems encountered in this sandstone/shale formation, and presents the solutions developed based on these problems and case histories of the successful field application of this customized fluid.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Petrochemicals (0.46)
- Asia > Middle East > Iraq > Basra Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Mesopotamian Basin > Zubair Field > Zubair Formation (0.98)
- Asia > Middle East > Iraq > Basra Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Mesopotamian Basin > Zubair Field > Mishrif Formation (0.98)