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Copyright 2014, Society of Petroleum Engineers This paper was prepared for presentation at the PAPG/SPE Pakistan section Annual Technical Conference held in Islamabad, Pakistan, 24-27 November 2014. This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE program committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material does not necessarily reflect any position of the Society of Petroleum Engineers, its officers, or members. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of the Society of Petroleum Engineers is prohibited. Permission to reproduce in print is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied. The abstract must contain conspicuous acknowledgment of SPE copyright. Abstract Over the last decade, new technologies and economic strategies have enabled operators to give new life to mature fields and old platforms. Production and economic optimization are main goals of reentry campaigns. With time, the industry has seen growing opportunities for reentry wells as mature fields and platforms are becoming older and less productive. Fully utilizing reentry technological capabilities and achieving successful operations require effective well planning and execution. Cutting and pulling of old completions and casings, wellbore cleanouts, plug and abandonment operations, section milling, mud systems, well integrity, cased-hole and open hole sidetracks, whip stocks, cutting/swarf handling, surveying tools, well collisions, and existing rig capabilities on platforms are the major challenges to the growth of reentry business. However, development of rotary steerable systems, logging while drilling, modern surveying tools, and under-reaming technologies have given impetus to the reentry well drilling market. From the concept phase of plug and abandonment to well delivery and production, seamless planning and communication is required among all the stakeholders. Modern surveying tools such as continuous north-seeking gyros and gyro while drilling have revolutionized the surveying industry in high magnetic interference environments, giving ease to planning sidetracks and accurate wellbore positioning in high well-density environments.
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (0.68)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (0.47)
- Well Drilling > Wellbore Design > Wellbore integrity (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Well Planning > Trajectory design (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Pressure Management (1.00)
- (11 more...)
Abstract Application of multi-lateral well engineering has been successfully applied as an emerging technology in the Northern North Sea to drain more marginal reservoirs which would otherwise be uneconomic. Calibration of the technique to local conditions is vital and the success in the North Sea offers tremendous follow-on opportunities for global applications. Following a successful onshore trial, Shell Expro's Northern Business Unit and their lead well engineering contractor, KCA Drilling Ltd, drilled and completed TA-14, a cased hole multi-lateral. This consisted of an appraisal and subsequent abandonment of the Triassic formation, followed by the drilling of two geosteered horizontal laterals into the shallower Brent reservoir. Techniques developed on TA-14 were then employed on an existing well. TA-19, to suspend the mainbore, side-track and recomplete as a dual lateral. Re-entry exists into the horizontal lateral with continued production available from the mother bore. Recently, TA-17 has been completed as a dual lateral horizontal Triassic oil producer with selective production from, and re-entry capabilities into both cased hole laterals. One lateral developed Triassic reserves proven by TA-14 while the other appraised the neighbouring block. A steep learning curve has been experienced throughout the construction of multi-lateral junctions. This includes the milling and fishing process, management of debris and equipment design. Further well engineering strategies for cementing, clean up, perforating and completions have been developed. Benefits of the multi-lateral technique are pervasive. Savings on TA-14 type wells can be achieved by applying the technique in a combination of variable and low quality reservoirs in one single well. Slot constraints can be alleviated using the TA-19 technique by side-tracking existing producers at an earlier stage. This strongly accelerates production whilst safeguarding the often underestimated tail production from the mother borehole. By using the TA-17 technique, two objectives can be met from one borehole, which would have otherwise required two new wells. Lessons learnt have accelerated the evolution of multilateral systems on the Tern and applications have been identified for multi-laterals in early and mid 1998. Other future applications of the multi-lateral methods are expected to involve coiled tubing drilling and water injection wells with a very large economic window of opportunity. P. 523
- Europe > North Sea (0.75)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea (0.69)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea (0.68)
- (2 more...)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Northern North Sea > East Shetland Basin > Block 210/25a > Tern Field > Brent Group Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > North Viking Graben > PL 190 > Brent Group > Tarbert Formation (0.99)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Northern North Sea > Brent Formation (0.98)
- (9 more...)
Milling Casing Exit Windows from a Hydraulic Workover Unit at Small Footprint Platform
Hoe, Cham Soon (Weatherford International) | Hogg, Cliff (Weatherford International) | Wibisono, Rahmat (Weatherford International) | Barker, Ron (Weatherford International) | Stutts, Randy (Weatherford International)
Abstract When first discovered, the gas field located in New Zealand was one of the largest gas fields in the world. After more than 30 years of production however, the reserves have declined drastically. To manage the decline, infill drilling campaigns have recently been initiated to access previously bypassed gas reservoirs in the field. A development campaign to boost the field recovery factor was kicked off with the objective of boosting recoverable reserves and extending the life of the field by drilling four sidetracks from existing depleted wells. A lightweight, compact and modular hydraulic workover unit (HWU) was installed on the previously unmanned, small footprint production platform with a small crew size of 32 people. While slimhole drilling and completion with a HWU had proven cost effective and a successful concept during previous workover campaigns, sidetracking from larger casing sizes at 2000-2400 metres depth with a HWU, including one dual casing exit design in this campaign, was the first of its kind for the operator. The four sidetracks were completed and the operation was a technical success, in large part due to the pre-job planning, project management and identification of unique challenges to this particular project. This paper will discuss the operational challenges encountered by the HWU including BHA handling and tripping in of the whipstock assembly when working with only a 12-foot jack stroke and minimal deck space. Additionally, the minimal rig capabilities of the HWU created challenges with regards to optimum whipstock and milling configurations/operations resulting from limitations on rotary torque capacity, rotary speed, pumping capacity and drill string racking capability, all of which were resolved by creative applications of the simple, robust yet versatile design of the casing exit technology.
- Asia (0.46)
- North America > United States (0.28)
- Oceania > New Zealand (0.24)
This paper was prepared for presentation at the 1999 Offshore Europe Conference held in Aberdeen, Scotland, 7–9 September 1999.
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Northern North Sea > East Shetland Basin > Block 210/25a > Tern Field > Brent Group Formation (0.99)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Northern North Sea > West-Central Viking Graben > Block 9/13 > Ness Field > Lewis III/IV Formation (0.98)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Northern North Sea > West-Central Viking Graben > Block 9/13 > Ness Field > Heather Formation (0.98)
- (8 more...)
Abstract Since their introduction in 1993 the modern multilateral systems and their applications have developed rapidly. System capabilities and features have adapted to a myriad of operating conditions and demands placed upon them. But in many cases the development of equipment has outstripped the industry's ability or willingness to adapt it. There are two main reasons: Reliability: Despite high technical and economic success rates in a wide range of applications the common perception of multilateral technology is that it is "risky". However industry-wide statistics show that Multilateral Technology (MLT) is not the high-risk technology it is often perceived to be. Value: Even the Operators most experienced in multilateral technology struggle at times with identifying and quantifying the true value and return on investment of these wells. It is understandable there is some uncertainty when assessing the true economics of this type of well. One issue with this is the inability to perform effective modeling and prediction of well performance and lateral contribution. A second is the expense to provide equipment to actually monitor the production from additional laterals. Tangible (or Intangible) Rewards vs. Perceived Risks. This paper will examine these arguments using industry data and information and by examining actual multilateral case histories from the first 10 years of multilateral developments. This paper will also take a look at the future of this technology and discuss what may happen in the next 10 years. Introduction Thousands of Multilateral wells have been drilled in the last ten years; the vast majority is simple open-hole sidetracks (TAML Level 1) that require conventional directional drilling equipment to implement and produce. In many areas of the world these types of wells are a common occurrence. This paper will focus on the more complex TAML levels 2–6 which utilize specialized equipment during the construction phase when moving through the drilling and completion operations. These wells have been installed in almost every major operating area world wide, from shallow, land based operations to the deep water environments of the North Sea. There have been hundred's of these successfully drilled and completed, in fact, there have been whole fields developed with this technology. Yet the industry's perception of MLT is much different. Why is this? Does the multilateral create such a disjoint, such a fork in the road that the majority of the industry becomes almost paralyzed at the mere mention of the term? We will examine several case histories, both good and bad, along with the results. The reader will then be left with additional information in order to judge whether MLT has been a boon or a bane for the Energy Industry? Case Histories - The Boon Canada - Weybourne Field Discovered in 1954, the Weyburn Unit covers an aerial extent of approximately 180 square kilometers. The Unit is located in southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada and has been operated by PanCanadian Petroleum Limited since 1963. The Weyburn Field was initially developed with vertical wells on 32 hectre spacing. A field-wide water-flood was initiated in 1964 using 151 inverted nine-spot patterns. Eventual production declines in the Unit led to an infill drilling phase which occurred between 1985 and 1992. A total of 157 vertical infill wells were drilled on both 24 and 16 hectre spacing during this time period. By 1992, it became clear that the drilling of additional vertical wells in the Weyburn Unit would not be economic. This situation was largely due to the following factors:Remaining vertical infill targets had limited reserves (less than 4 meters of pay and an effective wellbore radius of less than 100 meters. Problems were encountered in effectively stimulating the pay zone without breaking down into an immediately underlying highly permeable water-saturated zone. Problems with the primary cementing of zones with different pressures and geo-mechanical properties frequently resulted in ineffective zonal isolation and high water cuts
- North America > Canada (1.00)
- Europe > United Kingdom (1.00)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea (0.46)
- (2 more...)
- South America > Venezuela > Orinoco Oil Belt > Eastern Venezuela Basin > Zuata Field (0.99)
- South America > Venezuela > Orinoco Oil Belt > Eastern Venezuela Basin > Orinoco Field (0.99)
- North America > United States > California > Los Angeles Basin > Wilmington Field (0.99)
- (22 more...)