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Abstract The sedimentation of Eocene age Dammam Formation started as a result of sea transgression above the evaporitic sequence of the underlying Rus Formation. The transgressing sea water filled the low land in coastal areas where muddy limestone was deposited and overlying brown dolomitized limestone was deposited in shallow peritdal environments. Due to continued transgression, a stratified intrashelf basin was developed where semi-anoxic to anoxic conditions prevailed and which resulted into the deposition of dark grey to black mudstone facies. Maximum flooding surface Pg20 of the Arabian Plate is correlated to lie within this zone. As the transgression subsided, shallow open marine conditions were developed where foraminifera nummulites thrived. These nummulites made shoals and banks behind which due to low energy protected setting in place deposition of calcareous sponge, Lockhartia, and nummulites occurred. Upwards, the nummulites gradual decrease and environments further shallow up resulting into the deposition of parallel laminated bioclastic limestone in inner ramp to intertidal environments. A second transgression took place in the middle of the Dammam Formation due to which a large lagoon type set up was developed. The chalky micritic facies was deposited in this quite water lagoonal setting with intertidal influence in its upper part. The proceeding yellowish brown dolomite facies has common fenestrae structures and rubbled zones along with chert nodules and stringers. This facies is very porous and was deposited in intertidal to supratidal environments. The uppermost dolostone has common chert stringers and bands and common rubbled zones developed by collapsed dissolution cavities likely related to exposure surfaces. The Dammam Formation displays two transgressive-regressive depositional sequences. The formation has excellent reservoir characteristics in the form of overall high porosity which exceeds 40% in some zones. Hydrocarbon shows in the form of bitumen remains are observed within the formation.
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Dammam (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Ahmadi Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Greater Burgan Field > Wara Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Ahmadi Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Greater Burgan Field > Ratawi Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Ahmadi Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Greater Burgan Field > Mauddud Formation (0.99)
- (14 more...)
McDermott International recently celebrated a major milestone with the load-out and installation of the first jacket fully fabricated by the company at its Dammam fabrication yard in Saudi Arabia. The Safaniya 264 jacket is part of McDermott's scope of work with Saudi Aramco. The current scope of work being done at the Dammam yard covers four jackets, eight bridges, more than 70 subsea pipeline spools, and onshore support work. The jacket has been installed in the Safaniya oil field, located 125 mi (200 km) north of Dhahran in the Arabian Gulf, by McDermott's Derrick Barge 32 vessel. The Dammam facility was opened in 2016 to support McDermott's growing Middle East operations, expand its regional capacity, and support Saudi Arabia and key client Saudi Aramco in its localization efforts.
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Middle East Government > Saudi Arabia Government (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Saudi Arabia - Kuwait Neutral Zone ("Partitioned Zone") > Arabian Gulf > Arabian Basin > Arabian Gulf Basin > Safaniya Field (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Saudi Arabia - Kuwait Neutral Zone ("Partitioned Zone") > Arabian Gulf > Arabian Basin > Arabian Gulf Basin > Safaniya Field (0.99)
Preventing, Mitigating, or Stopping Lost Circulation in Dammam Formation, South Rumaila Field, Iraq; Requires Engineering Solutions, the Best Treatments Strategies, and Economic Evaluation Analysis
Al-Hameedi, Abo Taleb (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Dunn-Norman, Shari (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Alkinani, Husam H. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Flori, Ralph E. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Torgashov, Evgeniy V. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Hilgedick, Steven A. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Almohammedawi, Maitham M. (Missan Oil Company)
Abstract Lost circulation is a challenging problem to be prevented or mitigated in the Dammam formation. Major progress is made to detect lost circulation and how to combat it. This paper describes the study of lost circulation events in more than 75 wells in South Rumaila field. Data are analyzed to determine the best ranges for key drilling parameters and provide the best remedial strategies, which have the greatest chance of mitigating or preventing this problem. Real field data (e.g. MW, ECD, Yp, RPM, SPM, and ROP) at the time of each event are recorded along with the lost circulation remedies attempted, and the outcome of those remedies. Practical field information from South Rumaila field and range of sources are reviewed and summarized to develop an integrated methodology and flowchart for handling lost circulation events in this zone. This paper will be extended work along with previous comprehensive statistical study and sensitivity analysis models about the Dammam formation. In addition, economic evaluation analysis is conducted for partial, severe, and complete losses to obtain the best field procedures. Proactive approaches are made prior entering the Dammam formation to prevent or mitigate the occurrence of the lost circulation. A broad statistical work, primitive mechanisms, typical drilling fluid properties, and recommended operational drilling parameters are estimated to use during drilling through this zone. Moreover, corrective actions are determined for each kind of the mud losses to provide efficient remedies, minimize non-productive time, and reduce cost. The best lost circulation strategy to the Dammam formation is concluded and summarized depending on a comprehensive statistical work, the most important courses of the international oil companies, technical papers, textbooks, and economic analysis evaluation to determine successful remedies for each type of the losses. These treatments are classified by relying on the mud losses classifications to avoid unwanted consequences due to inappropriate actions. In addition, engineered solutions and practical techniques are developed, which will contribute to give clear image and coherent understanding in regard this complicated and costly problem in the Dammam formation. This study will present a unique compilation of information regarding traditional approaches and the latest approaches to lost circulation control. The work attempts to provide useful guidelines and effective solutions for all situations in terms preventive measures, remedial methods, and analytical economic study. In addition, due to the lack of published studies in regard the Dammam formation, this work can serve as a vigorous resource for drilling through this zone.
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Dammam (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Iraq (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (0.68)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock (0.46)
Summary Mutriba is a prominent NNW-SSE trending anticline in Western Kuwait. Hydrocarbon prospectively of the structure is confirmed with multiple pay zones at Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous levels. Such levels are well known in the Middle East for being severely contaminated by coherent inter-bed multiple reflection events and the seismic data suffers from poor resolution at deeper levels. These multiples have the same velocities as primaries and cannot be adequately attenuated during processing. As a result, Acoustic Impedance (AI) predicted from such seismic data is significantly affected. We present here a recent study which incorporates an InterBed Multiple Modeling (IBMM) into the generation of synthetic seismograms, which are involved into the seismic inversion workflow. As the observed seismic events are honored, the prediction of the AI model is optimized and less corrupted by the presence of the inter-bed multiples within the target levels. This methodology has been successfully applied on the Mutriba field. The evaluation of the inversion results obtained, confirms the presence of significant inter-bed multiples within the Kra-Al-Maru (Triasic) and the Khuff (Paleozoic) intervals. The use of the IBMM improved the match between inversion results and the AI log at well A. Moreover, the results show that the use of the IBMM in the inversion helps to obtain more accurate vertical impedance contrast, associated to a better lateral homogeneity and better mapping of horizons at deeper levels. Introduction The considered field (Figure 1) is composed of a migrated stacked 3D seismic volume, with a vertical sampling of 4ms. The area to be inverted is about 1000 km2, centered at well-A. It is the only well logged in the target levels (deep gas reservoirs), which are within Kra-Al-Maru and Khuff formations. At the well position, these levels are found between 2.5s and 3s (TWT) in the seismic data. The seismic interpretation for these levels is difficult, because the Inter-bed multiples mask the primary energy at the reservoir levels. These multiples were not removed from the conventional data using anti-multiple methods, as their apparent velocities are close to the primaries. Conventional acoustic inversion techniques assume that seismic events are primaries. Thus, all seismic amplitudes are assumed to be true signal and contribute in the computation of the final inverted acoustic impedance (AI). As a consequence, an erroneous estimation of the impedance is observed in the area contaminated by interbed multiples. We propose here the application of a model-based inversion methodology (Brac et al., 2002) which provides an Inter-Bed Multiple Modeling (IBMM), in addition to the primaries, into the generation of synthetic seismograms and uses these synthetics during the seismic inversion process (Wallick et Al. 2003). The use of the IBMM allows dealing with two issues concerning the multiples: (1) Evaluate the impact of interbed multiples on the quality of the well-to-seismic calibration and (2) Minimize the impact of the inter-bed multiple contamination on the acoustic inversion results, targeting Triassic and deeper levels of the Mutriba field.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling > Seismic Inversion (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Northwest Kuwait > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Mutriba Field > Gotnia Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Qatar > Block 4 > Khuff Field > Khuff Formation (0.98)
Summary Jabal Hafit provides a rare outcrop of important Cretaceous and Tertiary carbonate sequences found throughout the Middle East. This study focuses on permeability estimation from NMR in 72 rock samples from three Middle Eastern carbonate formations, specifically the Rus, Dammam and Asmari formations which are Paleocene to Miocene in age. Our study includes mineralogy, porosity, permeability, NMR, SEM measurements and analyses. We establish a very simple and useful relationship between porosity and permeability for the suite of formations studied. Porosity and permeability form the basis for separating samples into two well defined flow units. NMR measurements are used to define bound and free water based on a T2-cutoff. Desaturation studies show Swir and the corresponding T2- cutoff values vary considerably. We evaluate the Coates and SDR permeability estimators and find the SDR produces better agreement with direct measurements of permeability. Introduction Carbonate rocks contain some of the most prolific hydrocarbon reserves in the world making accurate measurements of permeability and porosity critical in defining flow units and in economic evaluation. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is an effective tool for measuring porosity and pore size distribution, however NMR estimation of permeability requires calibration of empirical constants. We made independent measurements of porosity and permeability and compare these to the Coates et al., 1991 and SDR (Kenyon et al., 1988) empirical estimators before and after calibration. The complexity of carbonate pore network makes this challenging. Certain standards and industry constants are used in estimating permeability through NMR. NMR porosity shows excellent agreement with Boyle’s Law porosity measurements. Simple porosity and permeability correlations are determined for the ensemble of samples transcending facies and formation boundaries. Mineralogy along with thin section and SEM microscopy are correlated with NMR measurements. Sample Description Jabal Hafit Jabal Hafit, near the city of Al-Ain, U.A.E., is an anticline that provides outcrops of the Asmari, Dammam, and Rus carbonate formations. These formations exist throughout the Middle East and are known to contain hydrocarbon reservoirs. Jabal Hafit is approximately 18 miles long and 3 miles wide and reaches 3832 feet above sea level. 72 samples were taken from outcrops of the Asmari, Dammam, and Rus formations at Jabal Hafit. Asmari Formation The Asmari formation is of Early to Middle Oligocene age and contains marls with interbedded coralline algal, nummulitic limestone (Whittle et al., 1995). The Asmari formation is approximately 480m thick and fossils include foraminifera, corals, calcareous red algae, bryozoa, bivalves, gastropods, and echinoids. The type section lies at Tang-e Gel-e Tursh on the Asmari anticline in Khuzestan, Iran. Dammam Formation The Dammam formation consists of Middle to Late Eocene nummulite-rich limestone interbedded with yellow marl. Fossils include nummulites, foraminifera, echinoids, and mollusks and the formation reaches 500m in thickness at the Jabal Hafit area (Abdelghany, 2002). The type section of this formation lies along the Dhahran Al’Alah road in Eastern Saudi Arabia (Powers et al., 1966). Rus Formation The Rus formation consists of Early Eocene limestone with thin chert bands and nodules.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Carbonate Rock > Limestone (0.66)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Compressional Tectonics > Fold and Thrust Belt (0.45)