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Each year, the SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition provides a place for producers, contractors, and service company professionals to meet, discuss, evaluate, and share ideas to advance drilling operations around the world. The 2015 event will be held on 17–19 March at the ExCeL Exhibition and Conference Centre in London with a focus on how to drill safely and effectively in the face of rising costs and other challenges. On Monday, 16 March, SPE's Drilling Systems Automation Technical Section (DSATS) and the International Association of Drilling Contractors' (IADC) Advanced Rig Technology (ART) committee will hold a half-day symposium on advances in drilling technology. The event will be moderated by Paul Francis, program chair for Europe at DSATS and business development/technical adviser for dynamic pressure drilling at M-I Swaco. Luca Save, an expert on human computer interaction at Deep Blue, an Italian human factors and safety consultancy, will discuss the "Advanced Cockpit for Reduction of Stress and Workload (ACROSS) Project."
- Well Drilling > Drilling Equipment (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drillstring Design > Drill pipe selection (0.40)
Abstract The Integrated Drilling System (IDS) is based on a computer network that interconnects all drilling machinery and sensors to a distributed supervisory and control concept. This has been used to implement automated operations and full remote control from a central control room, with multimedia technology utilised for the man-machine interface. Introduction The Integrated Drilling System is a result of a comprehensive five-year R & D programme and is a technical breakthrough with regard to remote control and automation of drilling operations. Esso initiated the IDS programme in 1990, and has provided the bulk of the USD 9.5 million invested in the project. RF-Rogaland Research with its drilling facility, Ullrigg, has been the main contractor. Hitec and Smedvig Offshore Europe have been involved in the development of the IDS, and both companies have played a vital role in developing the system into a commercial product. All companies are based in Stavanger Norway. In developing the IDS, we have been concerned with two main challenges - increased safety on the drill floor and cost reduction through better planning and execution of the drilling process. Compared with the onshore industry, today's drilling rigs have only a limited degree of automation. Although computers have been introduced in isolated networks, it's full potential has not been utilised. The IDS takes full advantage of modern computer technology from supervision and control to automation of processes. Background Information Management The decentralisation and diffusion of the primary wellsite responsibilities has in most cases reduced the driller to a basic drilling mechanic. P. 45
- Information Technology > Communications > Networks (0.49)
- Information Technology > Software (0.47)
- Information Technology > Architecture > Real Time Systems (0.31)
American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. This paper was prepared for the 42nd Annual Fall Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, to be held in Houston, Tex., Oct. 1–4, 1967. Permission to copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. The abstract should contain conspicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper is presented. Publication elsewhere after publication in the JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY or the SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS JOURNAL is usually granted upon request to the Editor of the appropriate journal provided agreement to give proper credit is made. Discussion of this paper is invited. Three copies of any discussion should be sent to the Society of Petroleum Engineers office. Such discussion may be presented at the above meeting and, with the paper, may be considered for publication in one of the two SPE magazines. Abstract Application of a "systems concept" to the drilling operation is discussed in this paper. Through the use of hydraulics, electrical systems, electronics and a new approach in basic design, automation of oilwell drilling has been accomplished. The basic functions of the machine are described and methods of control are presented in simplified form. Automation will permit an increase in the application of engineering to drilling operations through the use of computer control. Downhole variables can be adjusted for optimum drilling rates; safety features can be incorporated in the controls to minimize downhole hazards while tripping; and vast amounts of data can be accumulated since all machine functions are continually monitored electrically. Rig safety should be greatly improved due to the remote operating position of the crew. It is concluded, that through automation, economics of oilwell drilling will improve due to lower moving costs, improved safety, increased efficiency and better working conditions which will upgrade personnel. Introduction Any repetitive operation, such as the making and breaking of drill string connections when tripping or adding joints of pipe when drilling, lends itself to automation. Economics within the drilling industry have prevented, until now, the development of an automatic machine to perform drilling functions. Domestic land drilling has seen the exodus of most of its qualified personnel to offshore, foreign drilling and more desirable industries with better working conditions. Cheap equipment through cannibalization and auctions, has helped the remaining contractors to stay in business with no earnings from which to modernize. While replenishing their rigs from the vast reservoirs of used equipment they could not correct the economic pressures brought about by reduced demand. These same pressures forced personnel from the industry. While the land contractors were retrenching, foreign and offshore drilling experienced a record growth.
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drillstring Design > Drill pipe selection (0.35)
Abstract In the current oil and gas drilling industry, the modernization of rig fleets has been shifting toward high mobility, artificial intelligence, and computerized systems. Part of this shift includes a move toward automation. This paper summarizes the successful application of a fully automated workflow to drill a stand, from slips out to slips back in, in a complex drilling environment in onshore gas. Repeatable processes with adherence to plans and operating practices are a key requirement in the implementation of drilling procedures and vital for optimizing operations in a systematic way. A drilling automation solution has been deployed in two rigs enabling the automation of both pre-connection and post-connection activities as well as rotary drilling of an interval equivalent to a typical drillpipe stand (approximately 90 ft) while optimizing the rate of penetration (ROP) and managing drilling dysfunctionalities, such as stick-slip and drillstring vibrations in a consistent manner. So far, a total of nine wells have been drilled using this solution. The automation system is configured with the outputs of the drilling program, including the drilling parameters roadmap, bottomhole assembly tools, and subsurface constraints. Before drilling every stand, the driller is presented with the planned configuration and can adjust settings whenever necessary. Once a goal is specified, the system directs the rig control system to command the surface equipment (draw works, auto-driller, top drive, and pumps). Everything is undertaken in the context of a workflow that reflects standard operating procedures. This solution runs with minimal intervention from the driller and each workflow contextual information is continuously displayed to the driller thereby giving him the best capacity to monitor and supervise the operational sequence. If drilling conditions change, the system will respond by automatically changing the sequence of activities to execute mitigation procedures and achieve the desired goal. At all times, the driller has the option to override the automation system and assume control by a simple touch on the rig controls. Prior to deployment, key performance indicators (KPI), including automated rig state-based measures, were selected. These KPIs are then monitored while drilling each well with the automation system to compare performance with a pre-deployment baseline. The solution was used to drill almost 60,000 ft of hole section with the system in control, and the results showed a 20% improvement in ROP with increased adherence to pre-connection and post-connection operations. Additionally, many lessons were learned from the use and observation of the automation workflow that was used to drive continuous improvement in efficiency and performance over the course of the project. This deployment was the first in the region and the system is part of a comprehensive digital well construction solution that is continuously enriched with new capabilities. This adaptive automated drilling solution delivered a step change in performance, safety, and consistency in the drilling operations.
Abstract This paper examines drilling autonomy in the context of space exploration and how it might differ from autonomy required in an oil well drilling. The main driver in the planetary drill automation is a large communication delay (i.e. the drill cannot be remotely controlled) whereas in the petroleum well drilling it is reduction in manpower as well as it serves to remove human operators from a dangerous location where heavy equipment is operated 24 hours a day regardless of the weather conditions. Both planetary and petroleum drills share common problems such as data ambiguity (the same data can come from two different events) as well as a large number of data inputs that need to be processed and analyzed in real time for automation to be effective. The petroleum industry is profit driven; thus reliability of various mechanical components is carefully optimized since higher reliability means also higher cost. In the space industry, the reliability of all systems and especially those that form a single point failure must be very high. This requires a lot of testing and makes space exploration very expensive. Since automation is inherently expensive, a careful analysis needs to be performed in order to determine which operations may be optimized and which should not. This is because some operations are still done better and cheaper with humans. Introduction Automated control systems in the petroleum well drilling range from planning tools, to help in the selection of drill bits and their operating parameters; to specific control algorithms that are aimed at detecting and controlling particular phenomena, such as kicks and influxes or stuck pipe. Little work has been done to develop real-time control procedures to control the drilling operating parameters such as weight on bit and rotary speed. This may be because of the complex nature of the decisions that go into this process, or the fact that experienced drillers are very skilled in making such decisions based on their own knowledge and abilities. Since such skilled drillers are readily available, there is relatively little incentive to replace them by automated systems. Unfortunately, skilled drillers will not be available in person on the drilling rigs used for planetary drilling, but it is their abilities that will need to be mimicked in the automatic control systems for these missions. It is therefore likely that the required control systems will have to be developed from scratch. One of the peculiarities of drilling, that it possesses in common with all the Earth sciences, is the characteristic of "geologic uncertainty". The geologic uncertainty is present because every drilling location is different. This makes it difficult to predict what conditions will be encountered in any particular borehole. Equipment must therefore be capable of handling a wide variety of conditions, while the techniques used to control operations must envisage and deal with a broad range of circumstances. A related consequence of geologic uncertainty is that, since every hole is different, it is difficult to demonstrate in any particular circumstances that a new piece of equipment has performed better than the standard, or that a control process has actually improved the drilling performance. Added to this difficulty is the fact that drilling operations are expensive and in petroleum well drilling, dangerous. Note that for this reason, in oil well drilling the risks associated with introducing new technology are high while the benefits may not be clearly visible. This combination of disincentives has undoubtedly had a cooling effect on the introduction of new technology in general and on automation in particular. Planetary Drilling In order to determine the required level of autonomy in planetary drilling, it is important to understand the constraints imposed by the extraterrestrial environment [for a detailed review of these constraints, please refer to Zacny and Cooper, 2006]. These constrains include limited power/energy, limited mass, large temperature fluctuations, temperature extremes, low pressure or vacuum conditions, and communication delay that can range from two seconds (one way) in the case of the Moon to 20 minutes (one way) in the case of Mars.
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- North America > United States > California (0.28)