Layer | Fill | Outline |
---|
Map layers
Theme | Visible | Selectable | Appearance | Zoom Range (now: 0) |
---|
Fill | Stroke |
---|---|
Collaborating Authors
The first hydraulic fracturing treatment was pumped in 1947 on a gas well operated by Pan American Petroleum Corp. in the Hugoton field.[1] Kelpper Well No. 1, located in Grant County, Kansas, was a low-productivity well, even though it had been acidized. The well was chosen for the first hydraulic fracture stimulation treatment so that hydraulic fracturing could be compared directly with acidizing. Since that first treatment in 1947, hydraulic fracturing has become a common treatment for stimulating the productivity of oil and gas wells. Hydraulic fracturing is the process of pumping fluid into a wellbore at an injection rate that is too high for the formation to accept without breaking.
- North America > United States > Texas (1.00)
- North America > United States > Kansas > Grant County (0.24)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (0.72)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.47)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Tight gas is the term commonly used to refer to low permeability reservoirs that produce mainly dry natural gas. Many of the low permeability reservoirs that have been developed in the past are sandstone, but significant quantities of gas are also produced from low permeability carbonates, shales, and coal seams. Production of gas from coal seams is covered in a separate chapter in this handbook. In this chapter, production of gas from tight sandstones is the predominant theme. However, much of the same technology applies to tight carbonate and to gas shale reservoirs.
- North America > United States > Texas (1.00)
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia (1.00)
- North America > United States > Colorado (0.67)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.69)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.68)
- North America > United States > Texas > Travis Peak Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > East Texas Salt Basin > Whelan Lease > Waskom Field > Lowe Paluxy Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > East Texas Salt Basin > Cotton Valley Group Formation (0.99)
- (38 more...)
The definition of a tight gas reservoir is one that must be successfully fracture treated to produce economic volumes of gas at economic flow rates. In this page, we will discuss a few basic considerations for fracture treatment design and application. Propping agent selection * 1.4 Fracture treatment execution in the field * 2 Post-fracture reservoir evaluation methods * 3 Transient flow considerations * 4 Types of models * 4.1 Semisteady-State models * 4.2 Semianalytical models * 4.3 Finite difference models * 5 Analyzing post-fracture production data * 6 Post-fracture pressure transient analysis * 7 Nomenclature * 8 References * 9 Noteworthy papers in OnePetro * 10 External links * 11 See also * 12 Category Many tight gas reservoirs are thick, layered systems that must be hydraulically fracture treated to produce at commercial gas flow rates. To optimize the completion, it is necessary to understand the mechanical properties of all the layers above, within, and below the gas pay intervals. Basic rock properties such as in-situ stress, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are needed to design a fracture treatment. The in-situ stress of each rock layer affects how much pressure is required to create and propagate a fracture within the layer. The values of Young's modulus relate to the stiffness of the rock and help determine the width of the hydraulic fracture.
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Tight gas (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Pressure transient analysis (1.00)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
The first hydraulic fracturing treatment was pumped in 1947 on a gas well operated by Pan American Petroleum Corp. in the Hugoton field.[1] Kelpper Well No. 1, located in Grant County, Kansas, was a low-productivity well, even though it had been acidized. The well was chosen for the first hydraulic fracture stimulation treatment so that hydraulic fracturing could be compared directly with acidizing. Since that first treatment in 1947, hydraulic fracturing has become a common treatment for stimulating the productivity of oil and gas wells. Hydraulic fracturing is the process of pumping a fluid into a wellbore at an injection rate that is too great for the formation to accept in a radial flow pattern.
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.46)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (0.92)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Passive Seismic Surveying > Microseismic Surveying (0.46)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid selection and formulation (chemistry, properties) (1.00)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing > Fracturing materials (fluids, proppant) (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Naturally-fractured reservoirs (1.00)
- (11 more...)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Tight gas is the term commonly used to refer to low permeability reservoirs that produce mainly dry natural gas. Many of the low permeability reservoirs that have been developed in the past are sandstone, but significant quantities of gas are also produced from low permeability carbonates, shales, and coal seams. Production of gas from coal seams is covered in a separate chapter in this handbook. In this chapter, production of gas from tight sandstones is the predominant theme. However, much of the same technology applies to tight carbonate and to gas shale reservoirs. Tight gas reservoirs have one thing in common--a vertical well drilled and completed in the tight gas reservoir must be successfully stimulated to produce at commercial gas flow rates and produce commercial gas volumes. Normally, a large hydraulic fracture treatment is required to produce gas economically.
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia (1.00)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.70)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.56)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.46)
- North America > Canada > British Columbia > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin > Deep Basin (0.99)
- North America > Canada > Alberta > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin > Deep Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Wyoming > Green River Basin (0.89)
- (28 more...)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)