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Collaborating Authors
A Method for Assessing the Quality of Proactive Operator Monitoring POM as a Safety Barrier in Service Company Operations
McLeod, Ronald W. (Ron McLeod Ltd.) | Novia, Mathew (Baker Hughes, a GE company) | Nonno, Lamberto (Baker Hughes, a GE company) | Acton, Sarah (Baker Hughes, a GE company) | Easton, Neil (Baker Hughes, a GE company)
Abstract In common with every company involved in the global upstream oil and gas industry, oilfield service companies rely to a large extent on front-line operators monitoring key operational parameters in real time, and being willing and able to intervene in the event where signs of potential trouble are detected. Many factors—personal, inter-personal, organizational, and technological—have the potential to interfere with the ability of individuals to perform monitoring tasks to the required standard. This paper presents the results of a study carried out to evaluate the quality of implementation of arrangements supporting proactive operator monitoring. The study comprised two components elements: i) a review of incidents where operator monitoring played some role, and ii) semi-structured interviews of operator representatives including subjective ratings of monitoring quality. The situating questions allowed operator representatives a chance to reflect on the nature of the monitoring tasks, and their experience of potential disrupting factors, before attending the workshop. A bespoke tool—the Proactive Operator Monitoring Assessment Tool (POMAT)—was developed, enabling assessors to rate the quality of implementation of operator monitoring tasks. The tool is based on ratings on four dimensions (ownership, signals, context, and resilience) comprising a total of eight criteria. Based on the subjective ratings, a Proactive Monitoring Quality (PMQ) score was calculated that indicates how robust the implementation of each operator monitoring task that is relied on as a barrier is thought to be. This paper describes the method used in the study, and explains the use of the POMAT tool and how PMQ scores are calculated. The application of the method to assess operator monitoring during coiled tubing and tubular cutting and milling operations are used as examples. The POMAT tool and PMQ score represent novel approaches for evaluating the likely strength of proactive operator monitoring barriers where they exist in corporate bowties to determine if they can in fact be relied upon as an effective, independent, auditable barrier.
- Personal > Interview (0.35)
- Questionnaire & Opinion Survey (0.34)
- Well Drilling (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations (1.00)
- Management (0.94)
- (2 more...)
ABSTRACT When equipped with certain electronic hardware a coil tubing unit (CTU) can acquire powerful capabilities. Among these are automatic monitoring of equipment and process variables, and on-line computational support to the CTU operator. A data acquisition system (DAS) that vastly expands CTU capabilities has been developed. The DAS digitally displays live sensor data. L continually stores job data to disk while making a hardcopy plot Of key variables. It constantly computes and displays coiI tubing stresses and pressure collapse point to give the W operator a better idea of his safety margin. It ho gathers data for tubing management and for prediction of useful life. Analysis of data from the AS, tubing fatigue tests, and theoretical studies yields useful insights. These in turn guide efforts med at continuous improvement in the quality of CTU-delivered services. INTRODUCTION An on-going trend in electronics is the unrelenting cramming of greater computing power and higher data storage capacity in smaller space at lower cost. This arises from higher levels of circuit integration in turn leading to increased miniaturization of electronic devices. The trend progressed far enough that it became feasible to implement the laptop PC. It also has made possible sensors in which miniaturized electronic signal conditioning circuitry is embedded internally. Various devices that take advantage of the trend alluded to above are now available. These have now made it practicaI to design and assemble a data acquisition system (DAS) that brings unprecedented cost- and space-effective on-line computation resources aboard a coil tubing unit (CTU). In turn, this makes it possible to greatly enhance a coil tubing unit with an integrated set of capabilities. A simple example of such an added capability is the ability to digitally display for the CTU operator live sensor and transducer data instantaneously in engineering units. Even more helpfully, stresses on coil tubing can generaJ1y be calculated in red time and displayed to the CTU operator in relation to some predetermine safety margin. Similarly, data needed for coil tubing management and tubing life prediction can be gathered and stored automatically with no need for operator intervention. Some design factors and tradeoffs to consider when designing a coil tubing unit data acquisition system are touched on and briefly discussed. RATIONALE FOR OPERATOR ORIENTATION Various applications of coil tubing require the monitoring of certain key parameters to assure proper execution and safe completion of the job. Pre-job planning has typically been done on an office PC away from the job site. This usually requires that assumptions be made about some of the features of the well or of certain characteristics of the process being simulated. Many times when subsequently executing a job the operator of a coil tubing unit encounters a situation where some assumptions made during the job planning phase have turned out to be substantially incorrect. This may be due to a number of reasons: incorrect or incomplete data was supplied by the well owner, or unforeseen events occur during the job that require a change of approach or reassessment of assumed parameter values than those used in pre-job calculations.
- Information Technology > Software (0.94)
- Information Technology > Hardware > Memory (0.48)
The operator has more than 600 subsea wells globally in multiple countries and more than 550 subsea wells on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), which accounts for more than 83% of all subsea wells in the area. Successful interventions here using RLWI vessels encouraged the operator to investigate the possibilities of also performing CT operations from a vessel. The best option was found to be a strategy that included a monohull vessel that could perform both RLWI and CT operations. The analysis of operations in rough-weather conditions in the NCS showed that riser-based CT operations from such a vessel could be performed in the summer season only.
Abstract This paper will discuss how a simple to operate, personal computer (PC) based data monitoring and recording system can improve the reliability of Coiled Tubing (CT) operations by providing on site information of real-time key operational parameters like tubing life, tubing forces, operating limits and design versus actual data. It will also describe how the efficiency can be improved by simplifying the repetitive tasks of connecting the data sensors, configuring the system, storing the CT life information with the string itself and generating a customizable report during or after the job. Introduction Coiled tubing (CT) operations are becoming more demanding - both to the personnel and equipment involved. This is principally due to the attraction of servicing oil and gas wells without the absolute requirement for a conventional rig on location. This attraction is further increased as the reliability and economy of coiled tubing interventions improve. In addition, some modern well bore configurations, e.g., extended reach, rely on CT conveyed techniques.
Abstract This paper discusses methods for prolonging the life of coiled tubing (CT) workstrings. The paper focuses on six considerations: fatigue management, string design choice, data acquisition systems, corrosion prevention 1 mechanical damage prevention, and equipment choice. This paper also presents case histories demonstrating that a focused tubing management program (TMP) can significantly reduce tubing failures. A TMP that was implemented in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) area of operations reduced the tubing failure rate by 300%. The combined efforts of research, training, and field operations personnel helped prevent three predominant failure mechanisms: cycle fatigue, internal corrosion, and external corrosion. Computer programs based on derived fatigue algorithms were used to track the fatigue of all the strings in the theatre of operations. This paper discusses the influence that high- and low- pressure applications can have on string design choice. The paper concludes by discussing ways in which the proper choice and maintenance of equipment can minimize cycle fatigue and prevent mechanical damage to coiled tubing. P. 131