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Collaborating Authors
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- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Wells are drilled holes in the ground that are used to obtain some natural resource from the subsurface. This natural resource may include water, gas, or oil. Another name for a well is a borehole. Wells have been around for centuries, but the first modern wells were drilled around the mid-1800s. It was also used as a way to prevent oil or water coning around the well bore during pumping.
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.39)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations > Directional drilling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Information Technology > Architecture > Real Time Systems (0.50)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
- Information Technology > Sensing and Signal Processing (0.31)
S.K. Steve Chang received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from National Taiwan University, and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from University of California, Berkeley. He joined Schlumberger in 1979, and for 15 years conducted research in borehole acoustic and electromagnetic logging at Schlumberger-Doll Research in Ridgefield, Connecticut. He became the director of geoacoustic research in 1990. He moved to Sugar Land, Texas, in 1994 to manage the logging while drilling (LWD) product line. In 1997, he became manager of groups in directional drilling software and logging interpretation.
- North America > United States > Texas > Fort Bend County > Sugar Land (0.26)
- North America > United States > Connecticut > Fairfield County > Ridgefield (0.26)
- North America > United States > California > Alameda County > Berkeley (0.26)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Borehole Seismic Surveying (0.81)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Passive Seismic Surveying > Microseismic Surveying (0.38)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Measurement, Data Acquisition and Automation (1.00)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
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- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Measurements may include directional information (hole inclination, azimuth, tool facing), drilling parameters (bottomhole temperature, pressure, torque, weight-on-bit, RPM), rig safety data, formation evaluation and correlation data (formation resistivity, gamma-ray, and sonic logs). Data can be transmitted to the surface in real time by pressure pulses through the mud inside the drill pipe (timed amplitude and phase encoding). Telemetry by conductor cable integrated with the drill pipe or temporary digital recording at the sensor for later wire-line retrieval are alternative data recovery methods.
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Measurement, Data Acquisition and Automation > Measurement while drilling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management (1.00)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Bottomhole data are acquired incrementally from sensors located in the drill string near the bit in a drilling well. Measurements may include directional information (hole inclination, azimuth, tool facing), drilling parameters (bottomhole temperature, pressure, torque, weight-on-bit, RPM), rig safety data, formation evaluation and correlation data (formation resistivity, gamma-ray, and sonic logs). Data can be transmitted to the surface in real time by pressure pulses through the mud inside the drill pipe (timed amplitude and phase encoding). Telemetry by conductor cable integrated with the drill pipe or temporary digital recording at the sensor for later wire-line retrieval are alternative data recovery methods. The term Measurement-while-drilling simply refers to the remote collection of borehole data, typically in real time, while the drill string is in place.
- Well Drilling > Drillstring Design (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Measurement, Data Acquisition and Automation > Measurement while drilling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
As a rotary well is drilled, samples of the circulating mud and its suspended drill cuttings are examined for lithology and hydrocarbons by visual observation (including ultra-violet fluoroscopy) and for gas-phase constituents by a Wheatstone bridge ''hot-wire'' partition gas chromatograph or hydrogen-flame ionization analyzer. A mud log is a plot of such measurements, together with a lithologic log and a drilling-time log (showing rate of penetration). Used to detect fluids that have entered the mud from the formations. Hydrocarbons may be evidenced by fluorescence, by chromatographic analysis, gas, and other ways. The mud is also monitored for salinity and viscosity to indicate water loss.
- Well Drilling > Drilling Measurement, Data Acquisition and Automation > Mud logging / surface measurements (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (0.86)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
This is the science and art of making a hole (otherwise called a well or wellbore) from the surface through a rock (or formation) to target potential hydrocarbon-bearing rock in the sub-surface. The general objective is to safely drill a useable hole that can give maximum production at minimum cost. Drilling operations account for over 80% of the total cost of a well. This high cost has underlined the necessity for sound well planning and cost management to ensure that wells are drilled at lowest possible costs. Drilling engineers design and implement procedures to drill wells as safely and economically as possible.
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations > Drilling operation management (0.83)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety > Operational safety (0.64)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Hole cleaning is the ability of a drilling fluid to transport and suspend drilled cuttings. Throughout the last decade, many studies have been conducted to gain understanding on hole cleaning in directional-well drilling. Laboratory work has demonstrated that drilling at an inclination angle greater than approximately 30 from vertical poses problems in cuttings removal that are not encountered in vertical wells.Figure 1 illustrates that the formation of a moving or stationary cuttings bed becomes an apparent problem, if the flow rate for a given mud rheology is below a certain critical value. The most prevalent problem is excessive torque and drag, which often leads to the inability of reaching the target in high-angle/extended-reach drilling. Effective drilling-fluid selection and management is important to the successful outcome of a high-angle or horizontal extended-reach drilling (ERD) operation.
- Well Drilling > Pressure Management (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations > Directional drilling (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid selection and formulation (chemistry, properties) (1.00)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (1.00)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)