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Collaborating Authors
Argentina
Abstract The study area is located in the southeastern sector of the Neuquén basin, belonging to the Loma La Lata – Sierra Barrosa (LLL-SB) block, near to the basin margin where the Vaca Muerta Formation boundary is under the influence of the Huincul Ridge (Brinkworth et al., 2022). This area is currently in the delineation phase, with 5 wells targeting to the Vaca Muerta formation, all of them are stimulated in "La Cocina" (highest organic content) landing zone and showing good productivity. One of them, Well.x-1(h), shows deviations below the expected production, which is considered to be a consequence of the stimulation design parameters and geomechanical properties, among other issues still under investigation. The development of the project was initially based on a 1D isotropic geomechanical model and limited reservoir property data. Subsequently, the 1D Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) was recalibrated and upscaled to an anisotropic model, and continuously updated with new data obtained from the vertical pilot Well.x-1, the Diagnostic Fracture Injection Test (DFIT) parameters measured in the horizontal sidetrack well, and from other nearby wells too. All these interpretations contributed to a detailed understanding of the stress regime and its potential impact on the hydraulic fracture geometries. The stimulation plan for Well.x-1(h) followed the planned fracture designs of the delineation phase. However, it included a new type of fluid based on Viscosity Friction Reducers (VFR) polymers instead of the traditional guar polymer system (Ba Geri et al. 2019; Motiee et al. 2016; Van Domelen et al. 2017; Zhao et al. 2018). This paper aims to integrate the analysis of the stimulation procedures together with the geomechanical properties of the area, to find possible causal factors for the low productivity of the Well.x-1(h). This work, along with other works in progress, will allow us to continue the development of the block with the objective of improving fracture designs and their relationship to reservoir quality. Introduction The oil field analyzed in this work is located in the southern part of the Neuquén Basin. It has an extension of approximately 120 km. Stratigraphically, the interval of interest is mainly located in a forset of the depositional progradation system of the Vaca Muerta Formation (Brinkworth et al., 2022).
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia Region (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (1.00)
Abstract This methodology was evaluated in wells with natural flow and Gas Lift (GL) in Non-Conventional oil in Vaca Muerta and its use as a paraffin cleaning tool was technically validated through analyses carried out with the multidisciplinary team. Also, the What if risk analysis with which improvement actions were recommended based on the safety of people, the environment, and the company. In the analysis of previous interventions, it was detected that some SL interventions had more time, or it was not possible to dewax the well with the use of conventional methodologies. Therefore, in order to avoid the use of higher cost equipment (Coiled Tubing), we evaluated and implemented the use of a hot tool in wells with total tubing obstruction due to paraffin. The main objective is to dewax the wells in less time and cost by using a hot tool and compare it with conventional methodologies used in interventions with Slick line equipment. Additionally, to reduce production loss and improve efficiency in the use of resources. To achieve this, we took on the following challenges: ✓ Validate the functionality of the service and the efficiency of the equipment for paraffin cleaning in the well. ✓ To elaborate and validate the operational program and the necessary documentation for the intervention based on the safety of people, the environment, and the company. ✓ Evaluate the efficiency of the operation in terms of time and cost reduction. As a result, the safety of people, the environment and the company were guaranteed throughout the intervention and the functionality of the dewaxing equipment service and operational documents of the intervention were validated. Additionally, the use of the hot tool was rationalized, obtaining profitable results due to a saving of 73% compared to a Coiled Tubing intervention and a savings of 21% compared to a conventional intervention. Also, it is important to say that the three pilot's wells were dewaxed totally.
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Field > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.98)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Loma Campana Field > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.89)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Loma Campana Field > Lower Agrio Formation (0.89)
- (2 more...)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations (1.00)
- Well Completion > Completion Installation and Operations > Coiled tubing operations (0.72)
- Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Flow Assurance > Precipitates (paraffin, asphaltenes, etc.) (0.47)
From Cutting to Sidewall Core, a Way to Achieve a Deeper Understanding Based on Clustering and Workflow Strategies. Case Study: Palermo Aike Formation, Austral Basin
Cipollone, Mariano (Y-TEC / UNAJ) | Bedini, Paula (Y-TEC) | Brea, Fabian (Y-TEC) | Tortora, Leonardo (Y-TEC) | Alejandra, Diana María (Y-TEC) | Pelegrí, Ezequiel Gonzalez (Y-TEC) | Fischer, Alejandra (Y-TEC) | Iturreria, Santiago Genta (Y-TEC) | Domené, Esteban (Y-TEC) | Pascariello, Maria Eugenia (YPF)
Abstract The objective of this work is to submit an innovative workflow where, we combine clustering techniques based on direct measurements over cutting with multidisciplinary studies performed in cutting and sidewall cores (SWC). The case studied corresponds SWC and cutting samples of 2 wells of the Palermo Aike Formation (PA), Tierra del Fuego, Austral Basin. In the first part, the results of the combined use of different compositional characterization tools on samples of drilling cuttings from wells that cross the Palermo Aike Formation in Tierra del Fuego are shown. We apply clustering techniques on direct measurements of XRF, colorimetry, well curves and total organic carbon allow obtain different groups (colors) which represent zones with compositional characteristics that define and individualize them. In each of these groups, more detailed petrographic, geochemical and compositional analyzes were carried out, which in principle allowed us to confirm the consistency with the direct measurements. This consistency allows the expansion of the detailed characterization to the entire range represented by the group. Then, through an integration of data from the set of wells studied, it was possible to identify different areas of interest with their own characteristics and these areas were correlated between the wells studied. In this step, we need to move forward to have a deeper understanding of the characteristics of the source rock. To reach this goal we apply a detailed and exhaustive workflow on sidewall cores (SWC) belonging to the areas of interest. The aim of the workflow is understanding the relationship between compositional, geochemical, petrographic and petrophysical characteristics. It means link the smaller-scale characterizations with the results obtained from the laboratory petrophysical measurements carried out on the samples. The synergy resulting from the different studies allowed us to understand the characteristics and behaviors of the groups. These deeper understanding was expanded to the groups described by cutting, connecting through characteristics the behaviors of zones without samples. Thus, it enabled us to define regions of interest and also, a deeper understanding of the mentioned areas.
- South America > Argentina > Tierra del Fuego Province (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geochemistry (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock (0.74)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Petrochemicals (0.46)
Abstract This paper objective is to present a case study to define an empirical correlation of oil performance with horizontal well's drilling and completion parameters in Field ‘L’ in Vaca Muerta, using simplified data analytics. This paper shall outline the methodology which include systematic approach of production data screening and selection, well performance parameter relation with drilling and completion design parameters discussion. Methods/Procedures The usage of empirical ’K coefficient’ in this data analytics to describe completion design efficiency was firstly introduced by Kuuskraa and Murray in 2021, who applied it on Mowry Shale wells in Powder River Basin, Wyoming. However, on top of replicating similar method to long term estimated oil recovery (EUR), this paper shall extend the ’K coefficient’ correlation concept to early time well performance that is often overlooked during production ramping up period which is crucial for optimum drawdown management practices. Results/Conclusions This methodology is applied to a shale oil in Field ‘L,’ Vaca Muerta formation in Argentina of more than 6 years of production data and more than 100 wells drilled. The result is used in estimating the performance of a new completion design, in cost effective and time efficient manner. Furthermore, it is also used as a tool in diagnosing current wells production performance problems and assessing optimum choke selection for variation of completion designs.
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia Region (0.85)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.93)
- Geology > Petroleum Play Type > Unconventional Play > Shale Play (0.65)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Field > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Wyoming > Powder River Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Montana > Powder River Basin (0.99)
Using Whole Oil Composition Analysis to Predict PVT Diagram and Production Optimization in Vaca Muerta like Petroleum Systems
Su, Quansheng (ShengLi Oil field, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong, China) | Zhong, Anhai (ShengLi Oil field, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong, China) | Chen, Bugao (ShengLi Oil field, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong, China) | Liu, Linbo (ShengLi Oil field, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong, China) | Wang, Nan (ShengLi Oil field, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong, China) | Wu, Sheng (Power Energy and Environmental Research Institute, Covina) | Ostera, Hector (DTP Laboratorios, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Abstract PVT phase diagrams are pivotal in predicting and guiding oil and gas production, especially in the volatile, condensate/wet gas (VCW) region, where the phase changes are very complicated. We compare the shale oil and gas systems both in Vaca Muerta (VM) formation in Argentina's Neuquén Basin and Shengli/Bohai (China) and show the similarities, and difference to VCW systems in the US. We present methods to characterize and optimize the production, including CO2 assisted recovery. Introduction The Vaca Muerta formation in Argentina's Neuquén Basin and Shengli field in China's Bohai Bay Basin have oil & gas fluids (VMSOG) have unique features that give them inherent advantages and disadvantages over the regular US high GOR Light Tight oil (HGLTO)counterparts. For example, the VMSOG production has obviously slower GOR increase over time, but the production rates vary significantly. The causes from perspective of composition difference and phase diagram are discussed here. There are also similar shale as well as conventional fluids as demonstrated in the Loma Campana block since the early development. Then, the unique fluids’ PVT diagram properties of VM alike petroleum systems are compared with several major US and China shale and tight oil and gas fluids compositions. The potential for CO2 and natural gas IOR/EOR are discussed as well. Theory and/or Methods We use published open domain data from the following US LTO (Light Tight Oil) basins as well as VMSOG, i.e. Bakken, Eagle Ford, Permian and VM and Shengli oil fields. We also present internal data obtained from these fields, with detailed information unavailable in the public domain and discussed in details. The oil and gas samples from VMSOG producing wells are collected and complete compositions are analyzed with high resolution Gas Chromatograph (GC), especially including the C1-C5 and light components as well. Saturated, Aromatic Resin and Asphaltene (SARA) are also conducted. We attempt to use the difference in heavy (C7+, C15+ and C20+) and light components (C1 through C5) of the fluids to simulate the fluids’ PVT phase diagram. Then, common well-bore PVT conditions are used for simulation of the production.
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (1.00)
- Asia > China (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geochemistry (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Economic Geology > Petroleum Geology (0.86)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Loma Campana Field > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Loma Campana Field > Lower Agrio Formation (0.99)
- (49 more...)
Abstract The Vaca Muerta Formation has been extensively studied as an unconventional play and is currently in a development stage at the center of the Neuquén basin. However, some areas of the basin remain unexplored due to different kinds of geological risks. This contribution centers on the southern part of Mendoza Province and shows the studies carried out to evaluate the source rock as a potential shale reservoir and mitigate uncertainties associated with these risks. Structural and isopach maps were made using 2D and 3D seismic data. Petrophysical evaluation based on nearby well logs identified interesting intervals. Geochemical data collection yielded encouraging results for this source rock, including rich organic content (>2% TOC) and thermal maturity values showing early to mature oil generation window. Additionally, a geomechanical model was made and recalibrated using a DFIT from a close-by well. As a result of all these studies, some exploratory proposals were defined to assess the Vaca Muerta Formation's potential as an unconventional play in a frontier area. In 2023, a vertical pilot and two horizontal wells were drilled, validating the expected parameters and even exceeding them. Regional interpretation carried out gave rise to the extension of the potential exploration borders of Vaca Muerta Formation, revaluing a large area on the northern margin of the Colorado River. Introduction This study focuses on evaluating the potential of the Vaca Muerta Formation as an unconventional shale oil play. The aim was to expand the exploratory boundaries for this unit towards the southern region of Mendoza Province. Vaca Muerta Formation (Weaver, 1931, emend. Leanza 1972) serves as the primary source rock in Neuquén Basin. It is characterized by its extensive areal distribution and represents the distal facies of a series of carbonate and/or mixed systems that were established in the basin between the early Tithonian and early Valanginian stages (Legarreta and Uliana, 1991; Legarreta et al., 1993). This unit ranks among the world's largest sources of unconventional hydrocarbons, ranking Argentina as the second-largest global resource holder for unconventional gas and fourth-largest for unconventional oil (EIA, 2013).
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia Region (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (1.00)
- Phanerozoic > Mesozoic > Jurassic > Upper Jurassic > Tithonian (0.54)
- Phanerozoic > Mesozoic > Cretaceous > Lower Cretaceous > Valanginian (0.54)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geochemistry (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Economic Geology > Petroleum Geology (0.76)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.56)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Surface Seismic Acquisition (0.87)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Interpretation (0.68)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (0.56)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Mendoza > Neuquen Basin (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Field > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.98)
- Oceania > Australia > Victoria > Bass Strait > Gippsland Basin (0.89)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Shale oil (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (1.00)
- (4 more...)
Abstract The development of Vaca Muerta has presented significant challenges in the unconventional oil industry. These challenges extend beyond the complexity of drilling and completing several-kilometer-long horizontal branches, as they also include the issue of well-to-well interference due to fractures, known as "frac hits". The primary objective of this case study is to document the series of frac hit events occurring between 2018 and 2023 in a Vaca Muerta field (oil window with multilanding development), analyzing the consequences such as pressure increases or sand production in offset wells, and presenting strategies to mitigate these issues. Additionally, the methods used to forecast these events and estimate potential production losses or well damages will be described. To study frac hits, wellhead flowing pressure (WHFP) obtained through telemetry was analyzed, and a machine learning model was employed to transform WHFP into bottomhole flowing pressure (BHFP) to correlate with production controls and water tracers. A statistical study was conducted, highlighting changes in production (oil and water) and pressure in the offset wells during these events. Furthermore, cases of sand production, effects on water production in the source wells, potential damages to the offset wells, and the influence on well decline after a frac hit were evaluated. Using these statistics, it is possible to predict which wells are susceptible to experiencing frac hits and estimate their intensity. The obtained results revealed that in the mentioned Vaca Muerta field, frac hits represent one of the most significant challenges for its development. Adverse effects were observed, including sand production, casing deformations, considerable oil production losses, and an increase in the production decline of offset wells. Additionally, difficulties in managing large volumes of produced water due to the frac hit were identified. It was observed that second-line receivers present considerably smaller effects compared to first-line receivers, that frac hits can occur between landings only in certain cases, and it was found that clustering numerous fractures using diversion technology amplifies the effects of frac hits, potentially impacting wells located over 1400m away. Through this study, it is possible to estimate frac hit events, considering various factors such as proximity to the source well, BHFP of the offset well, degree of overlap between both wells, among others. Based on this information, quantitative estimations of the duration of the frac hit, oil losses, water production, time required for the bottomhole pressure to return to its pre-frac hit state, and other relevant aspects were made. Measures were implemented to mitigate the consequences of frac hits, such as pressure barriers between the fractured wells and offset wells, securing neighboring wells, opening the size of choke to facilitate water drainage, and reducing the size of choke in case of sand production.
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia Region (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Field > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Tordillo Formation (0.99)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Quintuco Formation (0.99)
Abstract The Permian Basin is currently the most active unconventional resource play in North America. The combination of high quality Petrophysical and Geomechanical characteristics together with advances in horizontal drilling, and completion innovations in hydraulic fracturing has allowed the successful development of several stacked reservoir targets within this basin. This paper focuses on horizontal wells targeting different benches, from Wolfcamp to the First Bone Spring formation. It presents the use of reservoir flow facies defined from the guidance of the geological and petrophysical facies to predict best potential landing targets. These flow-quality facies were created using machine learning techniques. Geological and petrophysical facies were initially defined using 756 petrophysical wells, 9 facies training wells and 64 "high tier wells" with NMR, Sonic and Minerology logs. 34 Core-calibrated petrophysical models were also incorporated. Rock mechanical facies were defined from sonic and geological data integrated with closure pressure gradients, net pressure and end-of-job shut-in pressure matching for hundreds of fracture treatment stages. Through an integrated multidomain workflow combined with experience from neighboring areas, 14 Production Quality Faces were defined from the combination of 9 Geo-Facies and 11 Rock Quality Facies This facies definition evolved into a 3D geo-model, where sector models were cut across multiple areas of interest where engineering datasets (micro-seismic, DFIT, core data, etc) existed. Finally, several poro-perm relations and facies-based relative permeability curves were defined through the history-matching of production data. Using the presented workflow, different potential landing targets in the Delaware Basin were evaluated for optimal development strategies, from Avalon to Wolfcamp A. Machine-Learning Based Facies Model for the Permian Basin A series of property-specific machine learning based facies models were created using a set of training wells spread across the Permian Basin and extending from the Upper Bone Springs through Wolfcamp-A formations. The model is underpinned by the wireline logs and is extended to three coupled discipline-centric facies sets. The first of these is the Reservoir Quality Facies (RQF), which discriminates the porosity, saturation and kerogen properties of the reservoir independent of geologic characteristics. Next is the Geofacies (GF), which does the reverse. It discriminates the mineralogic properties of the formation independent of the pore system. Third is the Geomechanical Facies (GMF), which discriminates the mechanical properties of the rock independent of the other influences. Each of these coupled facies sets allows for independent analysis but can be combined to produce additional facies sets that can be used for a 3D reservoir model. For this purpose, the GF and RQF were cross-tabulated to produce Production Quality Facies, PQF. This interplay of RQF and GF shows how the mineralogy (independent porosity/saturation) and porosity/saturation (independent mineralogy) relate. It is the combination of these two fundamental properties sets that describes expected flow behavior but by providing the fundamental inputs (porosity and mineralogy) separately, we can also evaluate them independently. This is a benefit of having discrete coupled sets of property facies.
- North America > United States > Texas (1.00)
- North America > United States > New Mexico (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (0.28)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia > Neuquén > Neuquen Basin > Vaca Muerta Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
- (27 more...)
Abstract The main objective of this analysis is to bring support through 3D seismic interpretation in a multilanding Shale oil of Vaca Muerta Fm. field, applied in the drilling of three horizontal wells close to a fault system. Also, the long-term objective is to challenge drilling in these faulted zones to maximize development area. A detailed seismic interpretation was done, along with the analysis of a set of echelon faults. Real and apparent throws were calculated along those faults and flexures to determine the best drilling plan. Likewise, tracers were used in the hydraulic fractures of one well to determine if there is an influence in production near the echelon fault. The results were impacted in the successful drilling and completion of three wells with a minimum distance lower than 100 m from the fault. Those wells allowed a new development strategy considering faults in the area. This kind of studies may be a good tool when it's time to face an unconventional faulted reservoir, giving an improve in the extent of exploitation area and an understanding of the effects that the stress that make up those structures have on drilling processes. Introduction The study area is in the south-east zone of the Neuquen Basin, inside the Embayment region. This area is structurally characterized by 3 sets of principal faults. The first set (1) is a strike-slip fault with a NW-SE direction and its perpendicular echelon faults. The second set (2) are NNE-SSW faults, located in the eastern part of the area. Finally, the third set (3) are echelon faults with a NW-SE direction, located in the western part of the area. This are the faults that are the focus of this analysis (See Figure 1) Stratigraphically, the analysis is focused on the Vaca Muerta Fm. (See Figure 2). This is a Shale Oil multilanding Field. The final goal is to challenge the development areas in a Factory mode, which forces to optimize safe distances to faults in the area. Seismic interpretation of faults and it's throws, along with complementary techniques, like petroleum traces, where used. This way, successful drilling of horizontal wells with a lateral closeness less than 100 m were made.
- Geology > Structural Geology > Fault (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.45)
Abstract The strength of Machine Learning-based technology is its ability to deal with massive amounts of data from various sources, learn from them, and transform them to deliver comprehensible information to the end user. To obtain a more realistic behavior of a reservoir, geoscientists try to achieve accurate lithofacies distribution mapping. Accordingly, predicting rock type quality distribution with seismic data will enable geoscientists and engineers to better understand depositional processes for optimizing landing target selection and well design. In this paper, we discuss the application of a Machine Learning method to resolve the seismic-scale mapping of reservoir facies heterogeneities in the unconventional shale oil-rich TOC reservoir of the lower section of the Vaca Muerta Formation. Introduction Machine Learning and Neural Networks are now commonly used in both the traditional oil and gas industry and in activities related to energy transition. The strength of Machine Learning-based technology is its ability to deal with a massive amount of data from various sources, learn from them, and transform them for delivering understandable information to the end user. Traditionally, the more data we acquire, and the more we create and interpret them in separate ways, the more challenging it is to integrate them into a single framework to improve our knowledge of the subsurface. To evaluate the quality of a reservoir and obtain a more realistic measure of its behavior, geoscientists try to achieve accurate lithofacies distribution mapping. Accordingly, predicting rock type quality distribution with seismic data will enable geoscientists and engineers to better understand depositional processes for optimizing landing target selection and well design. To perform the seismic-scale mapping of reservoir facies heterogeneities, we discuss the application of a Machine Learning method to the unconventional shale oil-rich TOC reservoirs of the lower section of the Vaca Muerta Formation. The objective of the asset team is to better understand the shale oil reservoir properties and their associated facies distribution, in order to apply them in geocellular modeling. The key technology is provided by Neural Networks.
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (0.70)
- South America > Argentina > Patagonia Region (0.56)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.47)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Interpretation (0.32)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Shale oil (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Artificial intelligence (1.00)