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Collaborating Authors
Chen, Li
Enhancing Well Control Safety with Dynamic Well Control Cloud Solutions: Case Studies of Successful Deep Transient Test in Southeast Asia
Abu Talib, M Ashraf (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Ahmad Kassim, M Shahril (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Marzuki, Izral Izarruddin (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Azwan Azid, Aidil Aznan Azwan (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Teaga Rajan, Santa Kumar (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Fadzil, Muhammad Redha Bin (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Motaei, Eghbal (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Chua, Choon Ling (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Jaua, Raymond Dayan Pius (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Jamaldin, Fadzril Syafiq (Petronas Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Ting, Shui Zuan (SLB) | Daungkaew, Saifon (SLB) | Gisolf, Adriaan (SLB) | Chen, Li (SLB) | Mutina, Albina (SLB) | Yang, Jiankun (SLB) | Hademi, Noor Rohaellizza (SLB) | Nandakumal, Ravinkumar (SLB) | Wattanapornmongkol, Sawit (SLB)
Abstract The objective of this paper is to address the challenges related to well control and highlight the successful implementation of deep transient tests (DTT) operations in an offshore well located in Southeast Asia that was carried out by PETRONAS with the help of a dynamic well control simulation platform. The paper aims to provide insights into the pre-job simulation process, which ensured a safer operation from a well control perspective. Additionally, a comparison between simulated and actual sensor measurements during the DTT operation will be presented. The latest DTT technology enables a higher volume of gas or hydrocarbon to be pumped into wellbore compared to formation tester (FT) operation. During the DTT operation, the pumped formation fluids are mixed with mud that is pumped from surface through a circulation sub into the annulus, and the mixture of fluids is then circulated out from annulus simultaneously to the surface during the drawdown period. To ensure well control safety, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the processes involved. Therefore, a dynamic multiphase flow simulator that takes into account the interactions between downhole pumped hydrocarbon and drilling fluids is important to better simulate the pressure downhole throughout the DTT operation. In this case study, simulations were conducted prior to the job execution, considering several sensitivities, to ensure that the operation stayed within a safe operating mud weight window while meeting the surface gas handling limits. During DTT execution, real time downhole measurements were sent to a cloud-based platform, where they were plotted on a graph alongside the simulation data for monitoring purposes. Any changes in observed formation fluid, downhole flow rates and mud circulation rates during the DTT operation were quickly reflected in the simulation, this enabled effective communication between the PETRONAS project and execution teams ensuring a safe well control condition throughout the operation. As a result, the DTT operation was conducted successfully and safely, with the measured data aligning well with the simulations. The accurate wellbore dynamics simulator allowed for quantification of changes in drilling fluid design, circulating rates, hydrocarbon composition, downhole pump rates, and pump duration for various formation testing design sequences. It also facilitated predictions of downhole well pressure, free-gas distribution along the well geometry, and gas rate on the surface. This valuable insight provides PETRONAS with more flexibility in understanding and planning advanced FT operations, while enabling larger volumes of hydrocarbons to be pumped downhole. Furthermore, adopting an advanced pressure transient testing method like DTT is in line with both industry and PETRONAS's efforts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
- Asia > Malaysia (0.95)
- Asia > Middle East > UAE (0.28)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Malaysia Government (0.85)
Research on the Net Thrust of Wing Sails for a Sail-Assisted VLCC
Chen, Jijun (Key Laboratory on Hydrodynamics, China Ship Scientific Research Center) | Pan, Ziying (Key Laboratory on Hydrodynamics, China Ship Scientific Research Center) | Chen, Mo (Key Laboratory on Hydrodynamics, China Ship Scientific Research Center) | Wu, Wei (Key Laboratory on Hydrodynamics, China Ship Scientific Research Center) | Chen, Li (Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Design & Research Institute)
ABSTRACT The document MEPC.1/Circ.896 has provided a method for calculating the thrust of wind propulsion systems, which does not take into account the changes in main engine power caused by the attitude angle of the ship, nor the changes in propulsion efficiency. An MMG-based method for calculating the net thrust of the wing sails generated on a ship was proposed. The thrust characteristics of the wing sails were compared and analyzed with the calculation results obtained by the method provided in MEPC.1/Circ.896. The results show that the method described in MEPC.1/Circ.896 overestimates the thrust contribution of wing sails. INTRODUCTION In the current carbon peak and carbon neutral context, one of the energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies that the shipping industry is focusing on is the wing sail technology using wind energy. The technology is one of the potentially effective techniques to lower Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) of ships. When calculating the EEDI contribution of the wing sail technology, the calculated thrust matrix of wing sails has a significant impact on results. Several MEPC proposals focused on the calculation of the thrust matrix for wind propulsion technologies. MEPC.1/Circ.815, which presents the calculation method of EEDI, gives an expression framework for the thrust matrix of wing sails first (IMO, 2013). Given that the method in this circular for evaluating the EEDI contribution of wind-assisted technologies does not transparently reflect the final attained EEDI, a proposal MEPC74/5/30 submitted by China in 2019 details the method of obtaining the thrust matrix of wing sails based on wind tunnel model tests of ships with and without sails (MEPC74/5/30, 2019). In France's proposal MEPC 76/6/7, an alternate way of deriving the thrust matrix of the wind propulsion system from model tests is proposed, i.e., wind tunnel model tests are carried out without considering the hull, and only the individual wind propulsion system units are examined (MEPC 76/6/7, 2021). Finland and Germany proposed in their proposal MEPC76/6/6 to use only some elements of the thrust matrix in the calculation of the propulsion power of the wind propulsion system, i.e., after reconstructing all elements of the thrust matrix in descending order, only the thrust elements in front of the combined probability [1/2] of the corresponding wind condition probability matrix were used to calculate the average thrust, and thus the EEDI contribution of the wind propulsion system (MEPC 76/6/6, 2021). In MEPC.76/INF.30 submitted by Comoros and RINA, the recommended modeling method including several complexity levels was proposed for ships with relatively small wind propulsion power and substantial wind propulsion power (MEPC 76/INF.30, 2021). After MEPC76 was held, Germany led an informal group to consolidate the contents of the proposals proposed in recent years for the wind propulsion system related to MEPC.1/Circ.815 to form the MEPC77/6 proposal, which provided two options for the use of the thrust matrix: one way is to use the reconstructed thrust matrix corresponding to the thrust element before [1/2] of the wind probability, and the other way is to use the same method as originally (MEPC 77/6, 2021). The proposal was considered and discussed at MEPC77, held from November 22 to 26, 2021, resulting in the document MEPC.1/Circ.896 (IMO, 2021). The document provides a detailed description of EEDI calculation methods for innovative energy efficiency technologies, including wind propulsion systems, and in particular, the process and application of thrust matrix acquisition for wind propulsion systems.
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Leisure & Entertainment > Sports > Sailing (1.00)
- Transportation > Freight & Logistics Services > Shipping > Tanker (0.43)
Collaborative Optimization Method of Route and Speed for a Mini Polar Cruise Ship
Wang, Zhuang (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University / Yazhou Bay Institute of Deepsea SCI-TECH, Shanghai Jiao Tong University / National University of Singapore) | Chen, Li (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University) | Wang, Bin (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University / Yazhou Bay Institute of Deepsea SCI-TECH, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
ABSTRACT In order to effectively improve the energy efficiency of ships, a collaborated optimization method of route and speed is investigated in this paper. Firstly, a hybrid engine/battery/cold ironing propulsion system mathematic model is established based on a mini polar cruise ship. Then, the collaborative problem consisting of optimization objective, variables, and constraints is mathematically described. Finally, the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is employed to solve the optimization problem. A simulation comparison is carried out to verify the effect of the proposed method. The result shows that fuel consumption can be saved by 7.20%. INTRODUCTION With the development of polar resources, polar tourism has gradually become a new fashion (Shijin, Yaqiong et al. 2020). However, the polar regions are relatively cold and the ecological environment is fragile. Human activities have caused great threats to the polar environment, such as garbage, marine fishing, exhaust emissions, and noise pollution. Among them, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which strongly correlate with fuel consumption can cause the average global temperature to rise and sea ice to melt. Hence, it is necessary to reduce the fuel consumption of polar cruise ships. The Maritime Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) set a global shipping industry decarbonization target in 2018 (MEPC73 2018). Compared with the level of the shipping industry in 2008, MEPC expects to cut GHG emissions by 30% in 2030, and 50% in 2050, and stop GHG emissions by 2100. For ships that have already been built, energy efficiency optimization is an effective way to reduce GHG emissions from fuel consumption. Hence, how to improve the energy efficiency level of ships in complex and changeable sea states is the key to the problem. To improve the energy efficiency of ships equipped with conventional diesel engine power systems. Route optimization and speed optimization have been extensively studied. The authors in (Szlapczynska and Szlapczynski 2019) used the evolutionary multi-objective optimization method to find the best trade-off between passage time, fuel consumption, and safety. To minimize the financial cost and remove the GHG footprint, Gkerekos and Lazakis (2020) proposed a novel route optimization method. The fuel consumption of the main engine was predicted by a data-driven mode, and the optimal route is obtained by Dijkstra's algorithm. The authors in (Du, Li et al. 2022) modified the PSO algorithm to improve its convergence, then they used the modified PSO to select the optimal route based on a VLCC oil tanker, the result showed that the profit ratio increased by 10.15%. In addition to route optimization, speed optimization had also attracted the attention of scholars. According to (Ronen 1982), The fuel consumption of a ship is almost proportional to the cube of the speed. That is to say, a slight change in speed will cause a significant variation in fuel consumption. Therefore, adjusting the speed has great potential in improving the energy efficiency of ships. The author in (Lindstad, Asbjรธrnslett et al. 2011) investigated the potential of fuel saving by speed reduction, the results showed that 19% of emissions could be reduced. Besides, the authors in (Wang, Yan et al. 2016) proposed a speed decision method based on different working conditions, their results showed that about 19.04% of fuel consumption was saved. In (Wang, Wang et al. 2022), the speed was optimized according to the different sea conditions. The authors divided the environment into different categories which corresponded to different speeds. The results showed that fuel consumption could be saved by 3.38%. However, the above studies simply considered the route or speed in the optimization process, which brought certain limitations to the improvement of ship energy efficiency.
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Transportation > Freight & Logistics Services > Shipping > Tanker (0.54)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Sustainability/Social Responsibility > Sustainable development (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Environment > Climate change (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Environment > Air emissions (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Artificial intelligence (1.00)
Intelligent Wireline Formation Tester Evaluation of Low-Permeability and Low-Resistivity-Contrast Formation
Wang, Xiannan (CNOOC) | Wang, Jian (CNOOC) | Guan, Lijun (CNOOC) | Gao, Bei (SLB) | Gisolf, Adriaan (SLB) | Fan, Zhaoya (SLB) | Partouche, Ashers (SLB) | Gu, Yuyang (CNOOC) | Liu, Jian (CNOOC) | Chen, Li (SLB) | Zhang, Wei (SLB)
Abstract Exploration and development drilling in offshore China is extending to Paleogene formations that are characterized by low-resistivity-contrast and low-permeability rocks. These formations have become a focus for increasing reserves and production. During exploration activities, these low-resistivity, low-formation-contrast formations have been critical and challenging for formation evaluation because the geological structure and lithology are more complex than in previously discovered fields. Differentiating hydrocarbon from water using petrophysical interpretation has a large uncertainty in these formations. Confirming the fluid type using conventional formation testing technology has been extremely challenging because the produced fluid is mainly mud filtrate, which is no use for fluid confirmation. A new-generation intelligent wireline formation testing platform consisting of a focused radial probe inlet and a dual flowline with dual downhole pumps to enable flexible focused sampling was applied to three appraisal wells in offshore China. Given the larger flow area of the probe system, flow tests could be conducted in as low as 0.004-md/cP mobility zones (the tightest on record), and fluid identification could be performed in-situ while the fluid flowed through a group of sensors. Previous formation testing in these formations had been challenged because the water-based mud system caused suspension of solid particles (debris and mud solids). Filter and standoff accessories available with the intelligent wireline formation platform enabled designing a fit-for-purpose approach to overcome this challenge in a short time. This dedicated design resulted in increased efficiency in water sampling compared to previous testing done by the operator. Clean water resistivity, measured in situ, can now be applied to this new exploration block to recalculate the water saturation for reserve estimation. Whereas previous gas-water transition zone sampling was challenging because high water-based mud filtrate fractions masked the presence of formation water and formation hydrocarbon, the radial probe, combined with state-of-the-art resistivity measurements, allowed identification of gas and the measurement of formation water resistivity in a multiphase flow environment. The formation testing of these low-resistivity-contrast and low-permeability formations enabled acquisition of a 2% contaminated formation water sample in 140 minutes with formation mobility of 1 md/cP. The gas-water zone was confirmed from a dual flowline resistivity measurement and a hydrocarbon show in mobility of 1.4 md/cP.
- Asia > China (0.70)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- Asia > China > South China Sea > Zhujiangkou Basin (0.99)
- Asia > Taiwan > South China Sea (0.95)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Formation test analysis (e.g., wireline, LWD) (1.00)
Intelligent Wireline Formation Tester Evaluation of Low-Permeability and Low-Resistivity-Contrast Formation with Detailed Digital Planning.
Guan, Lijun (CNOOC) | Wang, Xiannan (CNOOC) | Wang, Jian (CNOOC) | Bei, Gao (SLB) | Gisolf, Adriaan (SLB) | Fan, Zhaoya (SLB) | Partouche, Ashers (SLB) | Kristensen, Morten (SLB) | Li, Shiju (CNOOC) | Chen, Li (SLB) | Chen, Jichao (SLB)
Abstract Exploration and development drilling in offshore China is extending to Paleogene formations that are characterized by low-resistivity-contrast and low-permeability rocks. These formations have become a focus for increasing reserves and production. During exploration activities, these low-resistivity, low-formation-contrast formations have been critical and challenging for formation evaluation because the geological structure and lithology are more complex than in previously discovered fields. Differentiating hydrocarbon from water using petrophysical interpretation has a large uncertainty in these formations. Confirming the fluid type using conventional formation testing technology has been extremely challenging because the produced fluid is mainly mud filtrate, which is of no use for fluid confirmation. The dual-flowline architecture of the intelligent formation testing platform (IFT) is designed to systematically address shortcomings of legacy technology, enabling focused sampling in the tightest conventional formations. Specialized digital planning of the numerical flow models by adding a brine tracking facility and enumeration initialization was performed to (a) compare and benchmark the cleanup performance of conventional radial 3D probe and new focus radial probe; (b) simulate multiple scenarios including hydrocarbon-water transition to understand the salinity changes while pumping in various water saturation circumstance and optimize operational planning by quantifying cleanup time uncertainties even in two-phase fluid reservoir; and (c) history match the sampling drawdown, flow rate, and salinity change with actual sampling data and provide real-time answers to help accelerate the decision-making cycle. This dedicated design resulted in increased efficiency in water sampling compared to previous testing done by the operator. Whereas previous gas-water transition zone sampling was challenging because high water-based mud filtrate fractions masked the presence of formation water and formation hydrocarbon, the focused radial probe, combined with state-of-the-art resistivity measurements and prejob modeling of salinity change, allowed identification of gas and the measurement of formation water resistivity in a multiphase flow environment. The formation testing of these low-resistivity-contrast and low-permeability formations enabled acquisition of a 2% contaminated formation water sample in 140 minutes with formation mobility of 1 md/cP. The gas-water zone was confirmed from a dual-flowline resistivity measurement and a hydrocarbon show in mobility of 1.4 md/cP. The intelligent wireline formation testing platform enabled high-performance and efficient collection and identification of formation water and gas in a low-mobility low-resistivity-low-contrast formation.
- North America (0.95)
- Asia > China (0.50)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock (0.47)
- Geology > Sedimentary Geology > Depositional Environment (0.46)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Formation test analysis (e.g., wireline, LWD) (1.00)
Enigmatic Reservoir Properties Deciphered Using Petroleum System Modeling and Reservoir Fluid Geodynamics
Pierpont, Rob (OMV) | Birkeland, Kristoffer (OMV) | Cely, Alexandra (Equinor) | Yang, Tao (Equinor) | Chen, Li (SLB) | Achourov, Vladislav (SLB) | Betancourt, Soraya S. (SLB) | Canas, Jesus A. (SLB) | Forsythe, Julia C. (SLB) | Pomerantz, Andrew E. (SLB) | Yang, Jing (SLB) | Datir, Harish (SLB) | Mullins, Oliver C. (SLB)
Abstract Two adjacent reservoirs in offshore oil fields have been evaluated using extensive data acquisition across multiple disciplines; several surprising observations were made. Differing levels of biodegradation were measured in the nearly adjacent reservoirs, yet related standard geochemical markers are contradictory. Unexpectedly, the more biodegraded oil had less asphaltene content, and this reservoir had some heavy end deposition in the core but upstructure, not at the oil-water contact (OWC) as would be expected, especially with biodegradation. Wax appears to be an issue in the nonbiodegraded oil. These many puzzling observations, along with unclear connectivity, gave rise to uncertainties about field development planning. Combined petroleum systems and reservoir fluid geodynamic considerations resolved the observations into a single, self-consistent geo-scenario, the co-evolution of reservoir rock and fluids in geologic time. A spillfill sequence of trap filling with biodegradation helps explain differences in biodegradation and wax content. A subsequent, recent charge of condensate, stacked in one fault block and mixed in the target oil reservoir in the second fault block, explains conflicting metrics of biodegradation between C7 vs. C16 indices. Asphaltene instability and deposition at the upstructure contact between the condensate and black oil, and the motion of this contact during condensate charge, explain heavy end deposition in core. Moreover, this process accounts for asphaltene dilution and depletion in the corresponding oil. Downhole fluid analysis (DFA) asphaltene gradients and variations in geochemical markers with seismic imaging clarify likely connectivity in these reservoirs. The geo-scenario provides a benchmark of comparison for all types of reservoir data and readily projects into production concerns. The initial apparent puzzles of this oil field have been resolved with a robust understanding of the corresponding reservoirs and development strategies.
- Europe > Norway (1.00)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.94)
- Asia (0.94)
- (2 more...)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geochemistry (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Economic Geology > Petroleum Geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Geologic modeling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- (4 more...)
Abstract A new definition of the radius of investigation (ROI) is proposed to overcome the ambiguity present in the results from conventional ROI quantification methods. The term ROI is commonly used to quantify the minimum reservoir size or the distance to a potential boundary evaluated through pressure transient testing. However, the various methods that exist in the literature to quantify ROI provide different answers stemming from varying assumptions and thus often lead to confusion in terms of the appropriate definition to choose. Although the ROI method developed by Van Poolen is well recognized in the industry, there is a debate about its general applicability because it is limited to a constant-rate flow period and is insensitive to flowrate and flow sequence, to gauge resolution or measurement noise level. This contrasts with operational experience, where a higher flowrate, higher gauge precision, and a lower level of measurement noise generates higher quality pressure transient testing data from which reservoir boundaries, or other features, can be identified farther away from the wellbore. In other words, higher flowrates, better gauges, and lower noise levels can lead to larger achievable ROI. We propose a new definition of ROI, that is the detectable ROI for each drawdown or build-up flow period and is derived from the actual pressure derivative response and not from a generic model assumption. By defining a derivative noise envelope, the new method clearly identifies the time when the derivative deviates from an unbounded model due to the presence of a boundary and thus provides an estimate of the detectable ROI for the analyzed period. This method overcomes the limitations of most conventional methods and provides ROI predictions that depend on flowrate and gauge noise while maintaining a consistent result with current pressure transient interpretation.
Adaptive ECMS for Hybrid Power System of Mini Polar Cruise Ship
Wang, Zhuang (Institute of Marine Power Plant and Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai / State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai) | Chen, Li (Institute of Marine Power Plant and Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai / State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai) | Zhou, Yinzheng (Institute of Marine Power Plant and Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai / State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai) | Guo, Nanhong (Institute of Marine Power Plant and Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai / State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai) | Wang, Bin (Institute of Marine Power Plant and Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai / State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai)
ABSTRACT In this paper, an adaptive equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy (AECMS) is proposed for a hybrid diesel engine/battery/cold ironing power system to eliminate the impact of power fluctuations on fuel consumption and battery life. Equivalent factor (EF) is varied according to the state of diesel engine and battery. Then the power split is adjusted between diesel engine and the battery. Finally, a simulation case study based on a mini polar cruise ship validates the superiority of AECMS. The results show that 9.46% and 2.57% of fuel are saved compared with rule-based energy management strategy and conventional equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy. In addition, a more stable trajectory of state of charge has been achieved which helps prolong battery life. INTRODUCTION Mini polar cruise ship sails in polar regions, and the navigation environment is complex due to the combined effect of temperature and latitude varying. Mini polar cruise ship has certain adventure functions and can sail in polar narrow waters, bring a good polar tour experience to passengers. However, in the process of sightseeing, ships burn a large amount of fossil fuels, and emit greenhouse gases and polluting gases seriously which threaten the polar environment (Xing, Spence et al. 2020). To address this challenge, The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced increasingly stringent laws and regulations, such as the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP)(IMO 2016); Ship Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI)(IMO 2014); and the Ship Energy Efficiency Operating Index (EEOI)(IMO 2009). Improving the green level of ships is an inevitable trend in the development of ship power systems (SPS) in the future, and it is also a hot issue in academic research. Hybrid electric power systems (HEPSs) have been widely used in the automotive field because of their excellent fuel economy, and have also attracted extensive attention in the marine field. In (Dedes, Hudson et al. 2012), the potential of fuel saving for shipping fleet is investigated, the result show that maximum 14% of emission reduction in bulk carrier can be achieved. In (Geertsma, Negenborn et al. 2017), the development of SPS is reviewed and the trend of hybrid power system is conformed. 10%-35% reduction of fuel consumption and emissions can be achieved by adopting hybrid architectures. HEPS usually contain two or more energy sources, which can be divided into series, parallel and series-parallel according to different system architectures (Yuan, Wang et al. 2020).
- North America > United States > Illinois > Madison County (0.24)
- Asia > China (0.16)
- Transportation > Passenger (1.00)
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Transportation > Ground > Road (1.00)
Optimization of PV-Hybrid Power System Considering Environmental Uncertainties
Zhu, Jianyun (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai Jiao Tong) | Chen, Li (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai Jiao Tong)
ABSTRACT In this paper, photovoltaic technology is introduced into hybrid power system as PV-hybrid power system (PV-HPS) to take advantage of abundant solar energy. For the sake of enhancing environmental and economic benefits, a stochastic optimal sizing method is proposed perusing minimum greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and lifecycle cost. Considering the uncertain nature of solar energy as well as wave condition, the stochastic behavior of solar irradiance, zenith angle, ambient temperature, wave height, wave period and wave direction are modeled. Two joint distributions are established based on copula function to express the interconnect between uncertainties that affect PV output and ship resistance, respectively. A bi-bin method is introduced for scenario reduction to improve computational efficiency. Case study suggest that the proposed method outperforms the deterministic method under more realistic scenarios. INTRODUCTION Carbon neutrality strategy has been proposed by many governments due to increasing energy and environmental concerns. Recent trends show that hybrid power system (HPS), as a kind of green technology, is gaining universal attention in the field of shipping industry (Sciberras, Zahawi, Atkinson, 2017). For further greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, solar power technology has been introduced into HPS as PV-hybrid power system (PV-HPS) to take advantage of solar energy (Chybyung, Byongug, Peilin, Hayoung, Seongwan, Hyeonmin, Dong and Ahmad, 2022.). Reasonable design is the foundation for PV-HPS to achieve low GHG emission and life cycle cost. The sizing methods can be mainly divided into two kinds, i.e. meta-heuristic methods and optimization-based methods. In meta-heuristic methods, size parameters are determined based on experience or guidelines. For example, a passenger ship was equipped with a 3.2 kW PV array to decrease the dependence on fossil fuel (Lee, Shin, Yoo, Choi and Kim, 2013). Yuan et al. performed sophisticated studies on the design and control of a PV-HPS for a 5000- vehicle space car and truck carrier (Yuan, Wang, Yan, Li and Long, 2018; Yuan, Zhang, Shen, Yan and Long, 2018). In optimization-based methods, sizing problems are shifted into mathematical optimization problems and solved by different kinds of algorithms. For instance, a method for the optimal sizing of PV-HPS is proposed for minimum investment cost, fuel cost and GHG emission (Lan, Wen, Hong, Yu and Zhang, 2015). Fraction of the deck being used for solar power capture is optimized for GHG emission reduction (Mphatso, Huy, Alessandro and Aykut, 2021).
- Transportation (1.00)
- Energy > Renewable > Solar (1.00)
Research on Intelligent Prediction of Navigation Situation Based on Ship Operation Data
Fan, Xiang (Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute) | Shen, Tongwei (Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute) | Shi, Wenyu (Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute) | Qin, Yao (Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute) | Chen, Li (Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute)
ABSTRACT Navigation situation prediction is of great significance in many scenarios. It will help improving efficiency and security in collision avoidance, berthing and unberthing and so on. In this paper, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network is applied to predict the navigation situation of a large merchantman, which includes longitudinal speed and heading angle. The operation data are on-line measured, transmitted, fused and filtered by the digital operation support system (DOSS). Data of six voyages in 18 months were used for model training. By comparing with the target value, the accuracy of the prediction model is verified. Further, the effect of prediction time length and input error on the predicted results are analyzed. It is found that with the increase of prediction time length, the deviation between predicted results and actual values also increases. There is an obvious linear relationship between the change rate of prediction and the change rate of input. Compared with heading angle, the accuracy of predicted speed is more sensitive to the prediction time length and its measurement error. INTRODUCTION Ships sailing at sea are not only affected by their own propulsion and steering systems, but also disturbed by the marine environment such as wind, wave and current. The effect of marine environment causes the ship's large amplitude oscillation motion, which leads to leeway and increases the hidden danger of navigation safety. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a short-term prediction model of navigation situation to provide auxiliary decision-making for operation scenarios such as collision avoidance, berthing and unberthing. Ship motion has the characteristics of nonlinearity, irregularity and uncertainty. Several methods were proposed to meet the needs of different motion prediction application scenarios. Hou et al. (2015, 2016) established a nonlinear rolling motion equation and applied the support vector regression (SVR) to identify the damping and restoring moment parameters. The rolling motions in regular and irregular wave are both predicted accurately. Jiang et al. (2010) investigated the heave and pitch motions of trimaran by using the three-dimensional frequency domain Green's function method. Liu et al. (2018) proposed a mathematical model of ship drift motion considering the effect of wind, wave and current. The numerical solution method was also given in their paper. Peng et al. (2019) developed a modified unscented Kalman filter (MUKF) and applied it in estimating dynamic positioning ship motion states. The results pointed out that MUKF showed a good stability and convergence performance based on the parameter sensitivity analysis. Ma et al. (2006) predicted ship`s pitch motion based on autoregressive (AR) method. Jiang et al. (2020) studied the ship hull scale effect of real-time motion prediction using AR model. It showed the AR model performance was better for ships with larger principal dimensions where ship hulls were the same.
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.34)