ABSTRACT: Blow-out and/or fire on an oil/gas well is the most undesirable and hazardous event. but it has occurred since oil & gas exploration and exploitation began. A blow-out (uncontrolled flow of oil and gas from a well) poses a severe environmental hazard by way of oil spill and air pollution, etc. At times, the resulting fire on these uncontrolled wells generate smoke, high temperature/heating of surroundings, scarcity o[oxygen and increase in air pollutants like CO, NOx, SOx, etc. Controlling blow-out & fire, no doubt is the first major task. However, prevention or reduction of environmental damage and restoration of original environmental balance, during and after such blow outs & fires, is another challenging task requiring sophisticated and complex solutions with the help of technology, equipments and expertise. Very scanty research and development efforts have been made in the past in this area. Some of the earlier classical works are considered the first step towards finding solutions to many such complex fluid dynamic systems. In the present paper, a model for fluid dynamic, heat intensity and pollutant dispersion systems has been presented based on total system approach using basic well bore and environmental parameters and relations. This has been applied to predict the quantity of spill, velocity and temperature at the blown out jet, radiation intensity profile and pollutant dispersion around the well. The paper brings out the approach used in developing this model, along with test result of this model.
INTRODUCTION Blow-out, in an oil and gas exploration and exploitation industry, is one of the highly undesirable events. It is defined as the uncontrolled flow of oil and gas at surface from drilled and completed oil and gas wells or wells under drilling. It maybe a wildcat exploratory well or a conventional development well.