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Collaborating Authors
Results
Alternative Technologies in Drill-In Fluids for Depleted Reservoirs
Gianoglio, I. (Halliburton) | Luzardo, J. (Halliburton) | Derks, P. W. J. (Statoil) | Perez Gramatges, A. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) | Nascimento, R. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) | Oliveira, E. P. (Halliburton) | Sbaglia, F. (Halliburton) | Valle, R. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) | Inderberg, K. (Statoil)
Abstract Induced losses occur when the drilling fluid density, required for well control and to maintain wellbore stability, exceeds the fracture resistance of the formations. Depleted reservoirs present a particular challenge. As the reserves decline, the pore pressure decreases, which weakens hydrocarbon-bearing rocks. Nearby or interbedded low permeability rocks, however, may maintain their pore pressure. This scenario can make the drilling of certain depleted zones extremely difficult because the fluid density necessary to support the shale exceeds the fracture resistance of the sands and silts. This situation worsens in offshore operations where logistics impose additional limitations to the capacity of combating mud losses. The potential benefit is clear if a drill-in fluid system can be designed with a density that meets the low pore pressure and fracture gradient levels necessary to drill the reservoir and/or if the fluid includes specially designed lost circulation material to effectively bridge or seal the formation. In both cases, these methods should provide the possibility for removal at a later stage in order to minimize productivity impairments. This paper presents an extensive review of the various technologies, both proven and potential, in drill-in fluids for depleted reservoirs. This paper organizes the discussed technologies separately by the density range that they can cover. It also describes the state of the art advantages, limitations, and suggested specific applications, including the required development to expand the application and status of the technologies. Discussions include specific information about safety considerations, cost, and environmental issues associated with each technology. Such technologies include drilling blind, well flowing drilling, managed pressure drilling, aerated mud, foam drilling, air or mist drilling, structured microbubbles of air (aphrons), emulsions (both direct and invert), and the addition of hollow spheres (glass spheres, cenospheres, and plastic spheres). This review compiles crucial information necessary to design and formulate the proper low density drill-in fluid to address depleted reservoir challenges.
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East (0.93)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.48)
- South America > Argentina > Neuquén Province > Neuquén (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline (0.75)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.34)
- North America > United States > West Virginia > Appalachian Basin > Marcellus Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Virginia > Appalachian Basin > Marcellus Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Pennsylvania > Appalachian Basin > Marcellus Shale Formation (0.99)
- (7 more...)
- Well Drilling > Pressure Management > Well control (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid selection and formulation (chemistry, properties) (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid management & disposal (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management (1.00)
Alternative Lost Circulation Material for Depleted Reservoirs
Luzardo, J. (Halliburton) | Oliveira, E. P. (Halliburton) | Derks, P. W. J. (Statoil) | Nascimento, R. Vega (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) | Gramatges, A. Perez (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) | Valle, R. (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) | Pantano, I. Gianoglio (Halliburton) | Sbaglia, F. (Halliburton) | Inderberg, K. (Statoil)
Abstract The problem of lost circulation occurs almost permanently during drilling operations. When drilling highly permeable, highly fractured, and depleted zones, large drilling fluid losses lead to increased operational expenses. Lost circulation may have several consequences, including fluid inflow, wellbore collapse, formation damage, nonproductive rig time, and environmental issues. In the last century, lost circulation has presented great challenges to the petroleum industry, requiring large capital expenditures and time to address the problem. A particular challenge is depleted reservoirs. As the reserves decline, pore pressure decreases, resulting in weakened hydrocarbon-bearing rocks; nearby or inter-bedded low permeability rocks, however, may maintain their pore pressure. This situation can make the drilling of certain depleted zones extremely difficult. Generally, the fluid density necessary to support the shale above exceeds the fracture resistance of the sands, silts, or carbonates below. Consequently, it is vital to design the drilling fluid to minimize mud invasion into formation and prevent lost circulation, and to provide the possibility of removal at a later stage (completion). To mitigate circulation loss risks, a broad range of treatments and preventive methods using lost circulation material (LCM) have been tried and recommended over the years with varying degrees of success and efficiency. This paper presents an extensive review of the applications of various technologies, both proven and potential, in LCM for sandstone and carbonate depleted reservoirs. It describes the state of the art, advantages, limitations, and suggested specific applications. It also presents recent references of their uses in the petroleum industry and discusses the application and the status of the technologies. For sandstone, the materials discussed focus on LCM in the form of flakes, granules, fibers, blends of these materials, particulate materials, polyglycolic acid (PGA) and polylactic acid (PLA) materials, as well as nanoparticles (NP) and nanocomposites. For carbonate formations, the scope includes conventional LCM, such as cement plugs, settable plugs, polyurethane grouting and other new technologies, such as gels, viscoelastic surfactant gels (VES), and crosslinked gels. This review compiles crucial information necessary to design and formulate the fluid using LCM for the depleted reservoir challenges.
- North America > United States > Texas (1.00)
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East (1.00)
- (2 more...)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.69)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.49)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Bioplastics (0.34)