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Collaborating Authors
North West Shelf
Abstract This paper presents a methodology for a systematic, robust and conservative ecological risk assessment for estimating environmental consequences and associated risk from ambient air concentrations of atmospheric pollutants and air toxics (also referred to as criteria pollutants and hazardous atmospheric pollutants in the United States legislation respectively), as arising from industrial activities. The paper details the main steps of the risk assessment process and makes a contribution in deriving conservative and safe Reference Concentrations (RfC) such as No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) and Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) for fauna in their natural habitat, using published scientific dose-response toxicological studies with laboratory animals. It then uses these derived RfCs to determine step changes in consequence levels, from incidental to major, in order to complete the risk assessment. A similar approach is used to assess impacts on the marine environment. This methodology is repeatable and robust and can be applied as a screening level environmental risk assessment to establish conformance to legally postulated levels of acceptable environmental consequences, where available, or acceptable levels of environmental risk, associated with air quality.
- Geology > Mineral (0.47)
- Geology > Sedimentary Geology > Depositional Environment (0.35)
- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Petrochemicals (1.00)
- Health & Medicine (1.00)
- Government (1.00)
- (2 more...)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Carnarvon Basin > Carnarvon Basin > Kangaroo Trough > Greater Gorgon Development Area > Block WA-18-R > Greater Gorgon Field > Jansz-Io Field (0.94)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Carnarvon Basin > Carnarvon Basin > Exmouth Basin > Greater Gorgon Development Area > Block WA-18-R > Greater Gorgon Field > Jansz-Io Field (0.94)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Carnarvon Basin > Carnarvon Basin > Dampier Basin > Rankin Platform > Greater Gorgon Development Area > Block WA-268-P > Greater Gorgon Field > Gorgon Field (0.94)
- (5 more...)
Copyright 2012, SPE/APPEA International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production This paper was prepared for presentation at the SPE/APPEA International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production held in Perth, Australia, 11-13 September 2012. This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE/APPEA program committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers or the Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Limited and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material does not necessarily reflect any position of the Society of Petroleum Engineers or the Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Limited, its officers, or members. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of the Society of Petroleum Engineers or the Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Limited is prohibited. Permission to reproduce in print is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied.
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Browse Basin > WA-371-P Permit > Block WA-371-P > Prelude Field > Plover Formation (0.99)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Browse Basin > WA-371-P Permit > Block WA-371-P > Prelude Field > K10 (Brewster Member) Formation (0.99)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Browse Basin > WA-371-P Permit > Block WA-371-P > Prelude Field > J30 Formation (0.99)
- (2 more...)
Abstract Today the development of subsea fields or satellites and the remoteness of thelocation not only require subsea processing but have also has implications forthe provision of power. The norm for offshore power generation is the use offossil fuel. However, the uncertainty surrounding a global climate policy at atime when the projection is for an exponential increase in offshore powerdemand is a cause for pause to look at renewable power solutions. Types ofrenewable power solutions that have application to the offshore oil and gasindustry include: solar, wind, and ocean energy (various). This paper provides a rank/value for offshore power generated with bothrenewable- and conventional- energy sources relative to four (4) projectscenarios: Status Quo, Supply-to-the-Rescue, The Green Agenda, and DoubleJeopardy. The work to select a power solution began by identifying a key focusquestion about the future that the scenarios would address: How will the demandfor offshore (subsea) power and the potential externalities that may resultshape the power generation options over the next decade? The paper also pointsto resources that can shed light on the latest technological advances andfuture trends for renewable energy sources. The hope of the author is that thepaper will prove to be a useful reference for R&D specialists and projectengineers who are often asked to respond to the question: Renewables - Ready orNot? Introduction The project goal was to identify the best fit power delivery solution forhydrocarbon assets located remotely and/or in deepwater. For the purpose ofthis paper we would consider the power delivery implications for hydrocarbonassets located offshore North West Australia. The search for a feasible powerdelivery concept must be wide and deep enough to neither overlook promisingdevelopments in the Renewable Energy Market nor misjudge the overall impact ofproject externalities. The high-level workflow to arrive at a comprehensive solution is illustrated inFigure 1. Typical for the oil and gas space is a staged gate approach to arriveat a chosen system concept. These stages can be generically labeled as Phase 1,2, 3, etc. or given qualifying names like Identify, Assess, Select, Define, etc. The tasks attached to each stage as illustrated in figure 1 isself-explanatory. What is needed is greater clarity on terminology that may notbe broadly applied in the industry:" Givens" are facts, assumptions, and decisions already made and taken as agiven for this project. A " solution space" is a matrix showing all possible combination of theproject scenarios and system concepts. A subset of these will constitute thefeasible configurations for in-depth system modeling and analysis.
- North America > United States (1.00)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia (0.67)
- Asia > Middle East > Israel > Mediterranean Sea (0.24)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > Carnarvon Basin (0.99)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Carnarvon Basin > Rankin Platform > North West Shelf (0.89)
- North America > United States > Wyoming > Great Basin (0.89)
- (7 more...)