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Abstract The long wave caused by earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption can be propagated over the global ocean. The 1883 Krakatau volcanic eruption has generated a destructive tsunami higher than 40 m on the Indonesian coast where more than 36 000 lives were lost. Sea level oscillations related with this event have been reported on significant distances from the source in the Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake triggered extremely destructive tsunami waves which propagated over the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean through Drake Passage and Indian Ocean respectively. These transoceanic tsunamis are propagated to Antarctica and the impact of 2011 tsunami waves on the icebergs in Sulzberger is captured by satellite images. The worldwide propagation of the tsunami waves is studied numerically using two conventional models: ray tracing method and two-dimensional linear shallow-water model.
- North America > United States (1.00)
- Antarctica > Antarctica (0.63)
- Asia > Japan > Tōhoku (0.28)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics > Earthquake (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Volcanology (0.98)
- Law > Statutes (0.54)
- Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (0.47)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.42)
- South America > Atlantic Basin (0.89)
- North America > Atlantic Basin (0.89)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Central North Sea > Fisher Bank Basin > Block 22/5b > Drake Field > Fulmar Formation (0.89)
- (2 more...)
Abstract There is always distinguishing density-stratified feature in the ocean's surface layer, and mostly, the waves on the ocean surface are irregular. In this study, based on Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations and irregular wave theories coupled with Airy and Stokes theories, the waves' characters on the ocean surface are studied theoretically and numerically. The volume of fluid (VOF) method coupled with the Airy and Stokes wave theories has been used to determine the free surface effect of water. The density stratification of the water is set by patching the upper and lower ocean zone separately and the water density varies to the temperature linearly. The coupled irregular waves' characters are in the density-stratified ocean are investigated numerically. This method could provide important reference for the study of ships' motion, waves and hydrodynamics.