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Geostatistical techniques are becoming increasingly popular in the field of reservoir characterization because of their ability to integrate information from geology, geophysics and engineering into a common modelhng package. A key advantage over conventional mapping, which produces a unique reservoir model without clearly defined error bounds, is that the geostatistical methods generate multiple realizations and uncertainty estimates. Seismic attribute information is being routinely calibrated with the well information to reduce uncertainty in the interwell interpolation. Unfortunately, this process of calibrating seismic attribute information with petrophysical properties can often provide misleading results, especially when there are few wells available, or the position of existing wells is statistically biased. This can be effectively illustrated by reviewing a recent reservoir characterization study of a carbonate reef reservoir from Northern Alberta.
3D Seismic Monitoring For Enhancing Thermal Recovery
Eastwood, John (Imperial Oil Limited, Oil Sands Research and Technology, Calgary, Alberta) | Anderson, Don (Imperial Oil Limited, Oil Sands Research and Technology, Calgary, Alberta) | Boone, Tom (Imperial Oil Limited, Oil Sands Research and Technology, Calgary, Alberta)
By exploiting seismic attributes the seismic characteristics of the offset baseline survey A technique is illustrated which uses a single 3D seismic (cold reservoir) were contrasted to the seismic monitor survey along with multiple seismic attributes in characteristics at the CSS pads near the injection wells conjuncture with an offset baseline survey to discriminate (steam stimulated reservoir).
Introduction Today; one main challenge for the seismic industry is to provide accurate and reliable information to describe hydrocarbon reservoirs. Such reservoirs are characterized by: it their geometry, ii/ their lithology and fluid content, iii/ their petro-physical parameters (porosity, permeability,...). Item i/ is generally addressed with depth imaging techniques which are now able to account for more and more complex structures. It is difficult to tackle item ii/ with conventional seismic data for two reasons: - first, a seismic dataset is driven by the convolutions of seismic wavelets by reflection coefficient series. Seismic reflectors are the result of constructive and destructive interferences, and therefore are unable to describe the lithological layering of a reservoir; - secondly, the strength of a seismic reflection is controlled by the differential change of impedance.
- Geology > Rock Type (0.71)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline (0.69)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > North Viking Graben > PL 054 > Block 31/6 > Troll Field > Sognefjord Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > North Viking Graben > PL 054 > Block 31/6 > Troll Field > Heather Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > North Viking Graben > PL 054 > Block 31/6 > Troll Field > Fensfjord Formation (0.99)
- (9 more...)
Summary Foamy oil, similar in form to shaving cream, is a mixture of dispersed gas bubbles and heavy oil. The reservoir fluid pressure decreases to the bubble point where gas comes out of solution. The viscosity and gravity of heavy oil restrict the gas bubbles from coalescing into a separate phase. The creation of foamy oil is similar to gas solution drive except gas is trapped within the heavy oil. The formation of foamy oil creates a partially gas saturated reservoir that can be observed on compressional seismic due to a significant decrease in velocity.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Time-Lapse Surveying > Time-Lapse Seismic Surveying (0.45)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Oil sand, oil shale, bitumen (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management (1.00)
Whitchester Cross-hole Seismic Test Site
Worthington, M.H. (Geology Department, Imperial College, London.) | King, M.S. (Geology Department, Imperial College, London.) | Pratt, R.G. (Geology Department, Imperial College, London.) | Sams, MS. (Geology Department, Imperial College, London.) | Neep, J.P. (Geology Department, Imperial College, London.)
Summary A series of seismic and laboratory experiments to determine the elastic properties of saturated sedimentary rocks over as wide a frequency range as possible has been carried out at the Imperial College borehole test site located at Whitchester in the north of England. The site, constructed in 1989/90, consists of four vertical 250 m boreholes with a maximum spacing of 95 m, drilled through a flat-lying Namurian cyclical sequence of sandstones, mudrocks and limestones. Introduction Figure 1 indicates a schematic of the test site, showing three in-line boreholes and a velocity log from borehole 1. The fourth borehole is at right angles to the in-line boreholes at a distance of 58 m from No. 1. Boreholes 1 and 2 have been fully cored, with preserved core obtained at 1 m intervals in No. 1 and at selected depths in No. 2. All boreholes were logged before casing was set with a wide variety of tools, including full array sonic, FMS and GLT in addition to the standard suite. The experiments fall into four categories: vertical seismic profiling (VSP) within the frequency range 30 - 280 Hz; crosshole surveys (0.5 kHz - 3 kHz); wireline The objective of the research programme has been to study relationships between data obtained from seismic and wireline sonic tests in situ, and from preserved core in the laboratory.
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Near-well and vertical seismic profiles (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
The inverted volumes am used in geologic modellmg and well planning. A seismic inversion project is performed on the Snorre Field in the North Sea, with the ahn to improve well planning by deterministic facies prediction. Well log data showed that separation of sand from shale lithologies was insufficient by the use of an acoustic impedance parameter alone. A cross plot of density versus either impedance or velocity shows that by combining the density parameter with either of the two, one obtains much stronger tool for the lithology prediction. A shale-line separating shale from sand prone samples was generated. In order to obtain a velocity and a density volume in Figure 1.
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > East Shetland Basin > PL 375 > Block 34/7 > Snorre Field > Statfjord Group (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > East Shetland Basin > PL 375 > Block 34/7 > Snorre Field > Lunde Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > East Shetland Basin > PL 375 > Block 34/4 > Snorre Field > Statfjord Group (0.99)
- (9 more...)
- Well Drilling > Well Planning (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic modeling (0.73)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (0.70)
The reservoir consists of nine sands which Kern River Field and permit data acquisition without produce heavy oil (12.6-12.7 API gravity) through a steam disrupting the ongoing steam flood EOR process.
- North America > United States > California > Kern County (0.74)
- Europe > United Kingdom > Irish Sea > East Irish Sea > Liverpool Bay (0.64)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Passive Seismic Surveying > Earthquake Seismology (0.42)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.31)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.31)
Peciko Example Seismic attributes are an important source of information, The Peciko field is located south of the Mahakam delta in the complementary to the wells data, to better describe the reservoirs Kutei basin. Since Mid-Miocene, this basin has accumulated and assess hydrocarbon volumes. They have to be used over 3000 m of hydrocarbon-prone deltaic and fluvial deposits.
The Importance of Being Honest:- What can we really do with high resolution geophysics? How can high resolution geophysics be utilized to solve REAL mining problems? Thoughts in this regard are put forward in this paper and elucidated by means of case studies, as well as through some quotes and misquotes from the redoubtable Oscar Wilde. High resolution geophysics is invariably (highly) environment specific in performance, provides incomplete information, and involves a range/resolution tradeoff. Thus no one geophysical technique can be used to address all mining problems.
The opening is about 3.3 m high, so it specific. Therefore a variety of geophysical methods is needed to was necessary to stand on a mine car to install geophones and to solve some problems. Miningtek is currently assessing four hammer on the roof Air temperature in the cross cut was near techniques for the gold mining industry which in their 32 C and the humidity was near 100% at the time of the survey, development and application have reached different levels of March, 1996.