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RP 17 The Impact on the Petroleum Industry of Developing Alternate Sources of Energy
McK, John J. (Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.) | Scott, Robert W. (Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.) | Lambert, Donald E. (Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.) | Ponder, Thomas C. (Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.) | Hoffman, Harold L. (Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.) | Wall, James D. (Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.)
Abstract The exploration, drilling and production for oil and gas will continue to increase greatly world-wide, regardless of the increased production of alternate sources of energy. The distribution systems of petroleum will also increase greatly between now and the year 2000, but there will be a marked effect of the alternate sources on this phase of the industry. The processing portion of the petroleum industry will undergo changes to handle the varied feedstocks which will be supplied to it. The petroleum processing may be forced to redistribute its products to get more efficient end use of all forms of energy. The petrochemical industry will continue its great growth but feedstocks for the increased production will be based more on heavier oils and solids. The developing alternate sources of energy will not provide sufficient material to make up for the increased demand of feedstocks for the natural gas, processing and petrochemical industries. Résumé L'exploration, le forage et la production de gaz et de pétrole continueront à se développer sensiblement dans le monde malgrès les progrès d'énergies de remplacement. 11 en sera de même d'ici l'an 2000 pour les réS.eaux de distribution pétrolier qui ressentiront cependant dans une certaine mesure la concurrence des énergies de remplacement. La branche traitement de l'industrie pétrolière devra effectuer des changements pour tenir compte des modifications de ses charges d'alimentation. Elle pourra être amené à redistribuer sa production de façon a utiliser plus efficacement toutes les formes d'énergie. L'industrie pétrochimique continuera sa grande croissance mais devra utiliser comme charge d'alimentation d'avantage d'huiles plus lourdes et plus solides. Les énergies de remplacement se développeront mais ne suffiront pas à compenser la demande accrue en charge d'alimentation des industries de traitement d'hydrocarbures. 1. INTRODUCTION The natural resource which furnishes the major portion of world energy today is crude petroleum, as shown in Table I. Past financial concepts dictated a relative value of crude petroleum which gave healthy economic rewards to those who discovered and developed this natural resource. The result was an abundance of inexpensive energy to carry on rapid industrialisation of man's basic needs for food, clothing, transportation and shelter. Discovery of crude petroleum resources today do not keep pace with the world's ever-increasing rates of energy consumption. Also financial concepts based on fair return on investment are being supplanted by by JOHN J. McKETTA, ROBERT W. SCOTT, DONALD E. LAMBERT, THOMAS C. PONDER, HAROLD L. HOFFMAN and JAMES D. WALL, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. concepts which show petroleum's relative value in terms of cost for alternate energy sources. The sh
- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Petrochemicals (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Downstream (1.00)
- North America > United States (0.89)
- North America > Canada (0.89)
- Asia > Japan (0.89)
Abstract The main role of LJG at i le present time is to make it possible at reasonable prices to store and transport across seas natural gas which is itself more and more used as a source of energy for both industrial and domestic uses. Faced with the growing needs and the uneven geographical distribution of resources, the sea transportation of LNG has been developing for more than ten years. After such a period of experience, conclusions can be drawn more especially on the different techniques developed for liquefaction, storage, transportation and distribution. LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS - 1. INTRODUCTION Since 1940, the largely industrialised countries which need more and more energy have found with natural gas a very profitable source. This gas is a clean fuel and among those giving the least pollution after combustion. However a large part of the natural gas resources is situated far from the main consumption markets. Almost 40% of the known reserves are located in Africa, Asia and South America, while about 90% of the commercialised quantities are used in the industrialised countries of Europe and North America. Efficient means must be provided to transport natural gas from the gas field to the distribution facilities. Storage and transportation costs are determined by the cubic capacity of the various facilities. Everything will then be done to reduce the specific volume of natural gas for its transportation. Presently, the only means available is to transport it in liquid form. Consequently, we can rapidly draw the general route of natural gas as follows: by RENE BOUDET, President of Gazocéan, Paris, France Résumé Le principal rôle du GNL, aujourd'hui, est de permettre, à des prix très raisonnables, le stockage et le transport maritime du gaz naturel qui est de plus en plus utilisé comme source d'énergie, pour les usages industriels et domestiques. Pour répondre aux besoins d'énergie et pallier à la répartition très inégale des ressources, le transport maritime du GNL a commencé de se développer il y a plus de dix ans. Après une telle période d'expérimentation, des conclusions peuvent être tirées, plus particulièrement, concernant les différentes techniques mises au point pour la liquéfaction, le stockage, le transport et la distribution. conveyance from the field to the liquefaction plant where it is treated and liquefied. For many reasons, this plant is situated on a waterway to which LNG carriers can have an access. sea transportation to the distribution facilities. distribution from the main Storages to small satellite plants and then to the consumption centres. 2. LIQUEFACTION As it has been said, the first stage of natural gas route is its conveyance to a liquefaction plant. Generally, the well outlet delivers a warm gas at a very high pressure (one or more hundred atmospheres). Before its carriage through pipes to the liquefaction plant, it is depressurised in order t
- North America > United States (1.00)
- Asia (1.00)
- Africa > Middle East > Algeria (0.33)
- Europe > France > Île-de-France > Paris > Paris (0.24)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Midstream (1.00)
- Transportation > Freight & Logistics Services > Shipping > Tanker (0.36)