Layer | Fill | Outline |
---|
Map layers
Theme | Visible | Selectable | Appearance | Zoom Range (now: 0) |
---|
Fill | Stroke |
---|---|
Collaborating Authors
Results
Gravity Survey of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dammam Dome, Saudi Arabia
Soupios, Pantelis (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, KSA) | Stampolidis, Alexandros (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) | Fedi, Maurizio (University of Naples, Italy) | Kaka, SanLinn (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, KSA) | Al-Ramadan, Khalid (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, KSA) | Tsokas, Gregory (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) | Pasteka, Roman (Comenius University, Slovakia)
Abstract The study area is a part of Dammam Dome that is situated at King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) campus, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The gravity survey was conducted as a pilot case study to explore part of Dammam Dome in greater detail. Gravity data were collected solely during night hours due to low noise levels. A significant part of the survey was conducted during the summer holiday period, , when there was no student are on campus. A total of 235 gravity measurements were made using a Scintrex CG5 gravitometer, while a Trimble R10+ differential GPS (DGPS) was used to measure the stations’ location and elevation with the highest accuracy. All gravity data were reduced using several algorithms, and their outcomes were cross-compared. The Complete Bouguer anomaly map for the campus was then generated. Several enhancement filters including edged detection and shallow to deeper source separation were applied. Data were inverted, and 2.5D and 3D models were created to image the subsurface conditions. The main purpose of this study is to better understand the subsurface geology, tectonic settings of the Dammam Dome by applying the high-resolution gravity method before carrying out any comprehensive geophysical (seismic) 3D survey.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline (1.00)
- Geology > Mineral (0.71)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics (0.69)
- North America > United States > New Mexico > San Juan Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Colorado > San Juan Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Arizona > San Juan Basin (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Qatar > Arabian Basin > Arabian Gulf Basin > Dukhan Field (0.99)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Geologic modeling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
Abstract The main objective of the acoustic logging in 15K openhole multistage fracturing completions (OH MSFs) is to identify the fracture initiation points behind pipe and contributing fractures to gas production. The technique will also help to understand the integrity of the OH packers. A well was identified to be a candidate for assessment through such technique. The selected well was one of the early 15K OH MSF completions in the region that was successfully implemented with the goal of hydrocarbon production at sustained commercial rates from a gas formation. The candidate well was drilled horizontally to achieve maximum contact in a tight gas sandstone formation. Similar wells in the region have seen many challenges of formation breakdown due to high formation stresses. The objective of this work is to use the acoustic data to better characterize fracture properties. The deployment of acoustic log technology can provide information of fractures initiation, contribution for the production and the reliability of the isolation packers between the stages. The candidate well was completed with five stages open-hole fracturing completion. As the well is in an open hole environment, a typical PLT survey provides the contribution of individual port in the cumulative production but provides limited or no information of contributing fractures behind the pipe. The technique of acoustic logging helped to determine the fracture initiation points in different stages. If fractures can be characterized more accurately, then flow paths and flow behaviors in the reservoir can be better delineated. The use of acoustic logging has helped to better understand the factors influencing fracture initiation in tight gas sandstone reservoirs; resulting in a better understanding of fractures density and decisions on future openhole length, number of fracturing stages, packers and frac ports placement.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
Abstract Corrosion under insulation (CUI) is a critical challenge that affects the integrity of assets where the oil and gas industry is not immune. Its severity arises due to its hidden nature as it can often times go unnoticed. CUI is stimulated, in principle, by moisture ingress through the insulation layers to the surface of the pipeline. This Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered detection technology stemmed from an urgent need to detect the presence of these corrosion types. The new approach is based on a Cyber Physical (CP) system that maximizes the potential of thermographic imaging by using a Machine Learning application of Artificial Intelligence. In this work, we describe how common image processing techniques from infra-red images of assets can be enhanced using a machine learning approach allowing the detection of locations highly vulnerable to corrosion through pinpointing locations of CUI anomalies and areas of concern. The machine learning is examining the progression of thermal images, captured over time, corrosion and factors that cause this degradation are predicted by extracting thermal anomaly features and correlating them with corrosion and irregularities in the structural integrity of assets verified visually during the initial learning phase of the ML algorithm. The ML classifier has shown outstanding results in predicting CUI anomalies with a predictive accuracy in the range of 85 – 90% projected from 185 real field assets. Also, IR imaging by itself is subjective and operator dependent, however with this cyber physical transfer learning approach, such dependency has been eliminated. The results and conclusions of this work on real field assets in operation demonstrate the feasibility of this technique to predict and detect thermal anomalies directly correlated to CUI. This innovative work has led to the development of a cyber-physical that meets the demands of inspection units across the oil and gas industry, providing a real-time system and online assessment tool to monitor the presence of CUI enhancing the output from thermography technologies, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning technology. Additional benefits of this approach include safety enhancement through non-contact online inspection and cost savings by reducing the associated scaffolding and downtime.
- Research Report (0.46)
- Overview > Innovation (0.34)
Abstract Time lapse seismic or 4D seismic is a geophysical monitoring tool used by the industry to guide and maximize field development. It has been proven successful in many clastic deposit environments (Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Guinea, North Sea…) but barely used operationally on carbonate fields. Major concerns are both on carbonate petrophysical sensitivity to pressure and saturation changes, and particularly in the Middle-East on the expected noisy seismic quality. In reality Truth is more complex and some cases emerge showing that good quality 4D seismic in carbonates is possible. The case study presented here belongs to the worst case family: random noise is high level due to very shallow streamer acquisition design during Base survey, and multiples are highly non repeatable and pollute the dataset. However the final result is an added-value and this paper aims to explain that a comprehensive interpretation mixing innovative QC tools and an integrated 2G&R interpretation can allow separating intelligently noise and 4D signal.
- Asia > Middle East (0.48)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea (0.24)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea (0.24)
- (2 more...)
- Geophysics > Time-Lapse Surveying > Time-Lapse Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
Predicting Heat Flow and Determining Crustal Type Based on Integrated Interpretation of Seismic, Gravity and Magnetic Data in the Offshore Jazan Area, Southern Red Sea
Salem, Ahmed (Saudi Aramco) | Hussein, Walid (Saudi Aramco) | Ion, Dumitru (Saudi Aramco) | Bruno, Priscilla Silva (Saudi Aramco) | Wu, Schuman (Saudi Aramco) | Borsato, Ronald (Saudi Aramco)
Abstract Predicting heat flow in constrain modeling of a petroleum system in the Red Sea is a significant exploration challenge. In this study, we developed an integrated workflow to utilize seismic, magnetic and gravity data in the offshore Jazan area of the Red Sea to build a crustal model and to identify crustal type. Depth to Curie temperature was estimated from magnetic data and used together with thermal properties of the rocks to predict present-day heat flow for the interpreted crustal model. The predicted heat flow shows a generally increasing trend toward the rift axis due to an elevated asthenosphere boundary that is consistent with a thinned crust model. The model of thinning continental lithosphere and predicted heat flow derived from the integrated workflow provides valuable constraints to reduce the uncertainties in basin modeling.
- Asia > Middle East > Yemen (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (1.00)
- Africa > Middle East > Egypt (1.00)
- Africa > Middle East > Djibouti (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Extensional Tectonics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Magnetic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Gravity Surveying (1.00)
Abstract An ensemble-based 4D seismic history matching case is presented. Seismic data are re-parameterized as distance to 4D anomaly front and assimilated with production data. The field is a large turbiditic system, with initial fluid pressure close to the bubble point. Production causes the pressure to fall below the bubble point, resulting in a widespread gas-exsolution. The time-lapse change in gas saturation is considered responsible for the observed negative relative changes in seismic velocity seen over the all reservoir. This study is innovative for two reasons. First, the distance-to-front parameterization is applied to the gas-phase which appears everywhere in the field, rather than coming form an injection source like in previous application of the parameterization. Second, the binarization of the simulated time-lapse anomaly is performed circumventing the use of a petroelastic model; the petroelastic model would be necessary to relate the measurements to fluid properties changes and to decide a threshold for binarizing observations and pressure. However, the effect of gas is so widespread and evident that the petroelastic model is replaced by a clustering approach based on the gas saturation change of the reservoir cells. This study shows that adding the 4D re-parameterized seismic data in addition to the production data is keeping a reasonable match with production data while constraining the overall gas distribution in the reservoir to the observed seismic data.
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia (0.68)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- Europe > Norway > Norwegian Sea > Halten Terrace > PL 128 > Block 6608/10 > Norne Field > Tofte Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > Norwegian Sea > Halten Terrace > PL 128 > Block 6608/10 > Norne Field > Not Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > Norwegian Sea > Halten Terrace > PL 128 > Block 6608/10 > Norne Field > Ile Formation (0.99)
- (4 more...)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Simulation > History matching (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Four-dimensional and four-component seismic (1.00)
Abstract After great success of 4D seismic (Time-lapse) in clastic environment lot of 4D projects started 10 years ago in carbonates. Because of a smaller petroelastic response to reservoir modification lot of reservoirs enginners and geophysicists considered that 4D in carbonate has a very little probability of success. To check the capacity of 4D seismic to work in carbonate environment ADMA decided to acquire a 4D pilot on one of their giant field. The design of this pilot has been chosen to mimic as perfectly as possible the base survey. Then another acquisition has been performed with a fully different design that reduces drastically the cost of survey. TOTAL had the great opportunity to process, invert and interpret these datasets. This paper will show some comparison of 4D results obtained from the 2 designs. TOTAL performed a lot of QCs allowing to get a very good appreciation of degradation in repeatability and increase of noise levels linked to acquisition design. The regular QCs as NRMS or predictability are compared but also some new in house TOTAL QCs as SDR (Signal Distortion Ratio), Noise Xplots, etc… Next relevant 4D attributes (like relative changes in P velocities and in P impedances) are computed using in house algorithms that have been developed on numerous Total portfolio cases. They can be compared for both designs using as reference the pilot which is considered closer to reality. A first step was to validate 4D anomalies out of pilot area by comparing them to geological features and production knowledge. So we got the proof of real 4D anomalies related to clear production phenomena, validated by the asset team. Second step was to evaluate the stability of 4D results despite the acquisition design modification and the strong variation of noise level. It is obvious and expected that the "non repeated" design introduces a degradation of the quality of 4D results. Key points are on one hand to check if the 4D processing can handle these differences successfully and another hand to define recommendation to acquire a successful and cost-effective monitoring survey. In conclusion this example shows that 4D seismic in carbonates, oil/water system; with difficult seismic environment is definitely possible under condition that acquisition, processing and inversion of 4D seismic are conducted with care to avoid the weakest link limits value of 4D information
- Geophysics > Time-Lapse Surveying > Time-Lapse Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
Ultrasonic High Resolution Real Time Thickness Combined With High Resolution Multi-Sensor Caliper and CBL Tools in a Single Pass: New Mechanical Well Integrity Logging String Identifies Difficult Casing Problems
Tello, Lucio N. (Weatherford) | Lopez, Eglee Y. (Weatherford) | Azuaje, Dimas C. (Weatherford)
Abstract Ultrasonic scanning tools measure the casing thickness by inducing a mechanical resonance of the casing in the thickness mode. At the same time they measure the cement acoustic impedance at higher radial and vertical resolution than sector and segmented tools. A modified Multi-sensor caliper tool measures the casing ID with excellent accuracy and resolution. A DFT algorithm implemented in the ultrasonic radial scanner tool improves the circumferential and vertical coverage of the thickness over previous methods while widening the measurement range, resolution and accuracy. The algorithm is performed by the tool with more circumferential coverage of the pipe than before. The tool performs this in real time at normal logging speed, thus saving operation and rig time. When the new ultrasonic radial scanner tool is combined with the new multi-sensor caliper, the magnetic flux-leakage tool, and the CBL in one pass, the tool string generates data that identifies casing damage otherwise difficult to detect with just one of the tools. In addition, the ultrasonic cement impedance measurement and the CBL-VDL (in combination) identify clearly the cement bond conditions. This combination provides comprehensive well mechanical integrity interpretation of the well. New 3D visualization capabilities of caliper, magnetic flux-leakage, and ultrasonic measurements provide the operator with information to interpret broken or parted casing. This 3D visualization also provides critical information after the remedial work is finished. Discerning whether there is internal or external damage is important information for the operator. The capability to identify previously undetected casing damage corroborates the new high resolution real time thickness methodology and the improved multi-sensor internal caliper measurements. The four tools in combination provide a valuable method for identifying difficult casing problems.
- Europe (0.68)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.47)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Wolfcamp Formation (0.99)
- (21 more...)
Potential of Electromagnetic Methods in oil & gas Exploration in the Middle East
Agafonov, Yuri Aleksandrovich (Irkutsk electroprospecting company) | Egorov, Ilya (CJSC IERP) | Al-Jadani, Mohammad (Masader AlArdh) | Buddo, Igor Vladimirovich (Irkutsk electroprospecting company) | Tokareva, Olga (CJSC IERP) | Sharlov, Maxim Valeryevich (Irkutsk electroprospecting company)
Methods other than seismic are becoming ever more actual in petroleum exploration, among them advanced electromagnetic (EM) survey. Being complementary to seismics, the advanced electromagnetic survey can identify subsurface structure and its parameters in depth range from a few meters to kilometers and reduce well placement risks by constraining reservoir locations and fluid type. Results of EM studies can be integrated with seismic in Petrel (Schlumberger) software to obtain comprehensive view of surveyed area. Geoelectric patterns have implications for lithology, reservoir zones and their saturations, and presence of igneous rocks and faults. Either 2D or 3D resistivity data can be used at different exploration phases. With 3D data, cubes of geoelectrical and seismic attributes can be created. Transient electromagnetic method (TEM) is widely applied in Eastern Siberia (Russia) for Vendian clastic and carbonate reservoirs exploration. Derived from TEM data inversion, resistivity of sedimentary layers allows identifying reservoir properties and type of fluid saturation. Carried out EM studies in South-East Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia) show effectiveness of TEM and EM-IP techniques. The first one provides information on the sediments resistivity, structure and lithology features, reservoirs properties and fluid type. The second one investigates IP anomalies that may correlate with HC seepage zones above deposits. The role of EM methods is increasing at the areas with poor seismic data quality, non-structural fields and zones with complicated structure of sedimentary cover. Joint interpretation of EM data with seismic or other geological data is a way to reduce the exploration risks and optimize the process of geophysical investigation. Efficiency of EM exploration is shown with case studies examples. Modeling results and experience in Russia and SE Asia describe high potential of EM methods application for the Middle East region as a reliable technique in Hydrocarbon Exploration toolbox.
- Asia > Middle East (1.00)
- Asia > Russia (0.70)
- Geology > Rock Type > Igneous Rock (0.68)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.34)
- Geophysics > Electromagnetic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.94)