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Abstract Cold regions have their unique hazards such as hypothermia and frostbite. Hence, these hazards must be taken into account very early in the design phase. Moreover, risk analysis approaches should be updated to take into account the specific hazards of the Cold Climate region. There can be a high dependence between different cold region hazards and a combination of failures can happen during an extreme weather phenomenon. Therefore, the assumptions of independence among the risk factors must be critical examined and the chain of events should be more focused. Sometimes, increasing the reliability will lead to more complex designs. Adding to the complexity of the system, could cause the human error to be increased significantly. Hence, increasing the reliability of a plant or a process by adding complexity, does not necessarily lead to increasing the safety. In this study an analysis of the reliability of a ventilation system in a moderate climate region is used as reference case for a risk analysis of a winterized ventilation system in a Cold region. In the analyses, performance-shaping factors are assessed, stressing the need of a risk analysis in which human and environmental factors are especially examined. Introduction Many concerns have been raised due to Arctic oil and gas activities. Lately, Shell decided to abandon the arctic Alaska project due to nonprofitability, when at the same time, many stakeholders that felt that companies were not ready to go deep in the arctic region, were relieved. Additionally, recently, Eni Norge's Goliat installation is most probably going to spend the whole winter season "hibernated" on the waters of Barents Sea. As we see, obstacles show up on the transition from theory to practice when innovations and new technologies are implemented. Meteorological phenomena can occur rapidly in an arctic environment and affect in different ways many technical functions in the same time (Barabadi, Garmabaki, & Zaki, 2016; Kayrbekova, Barabadi, & Markeset, 2011). Winterization is an effective technical solution to tackle such complex operational conditions. Some means of winterization aim to keep working areas enclosed and safe from extreme harsh weather conditions, like polar lows with snowstorms and excessive icing. Many technical safety systems have been implemented using continual heat flow, artificial ventilation, perforated walls with mechanical systems that react on emergencies and sensors that trigger them (Gudmestad, Efimov, & Kornishin, 2013; Khan et al., 2015).
- North America > United States > Alaska (0.24)
- Europe > Norway (0.24)
- Energy > Oil & Gas (1.00)
- Health & Medicine > Therapeutic Area > Environmental Medicine (0.53)
Abstract This paper introduces a potential novel concept for glacial ice management. The concept involves the capability of a platform and its riser and mooring systems to shift for a relatively large distance—hence the ‘sidestep’ term—in order to bypass the glacial ice. However, in order for the platform to be able to sidestep, the platform needs to be equipped with features which support the large distance movement. For floating platforms like semi-submersibles, the sidestep movement may be accomplished by varying the tension rate of the mooring system to make it more slack or taut. However, a turret-moored FPSO needs to have a larger thruster capability, since the sidestep movement will be executed by the use of thrusters. This sidestep capability can be used as an additional safety measure for floaters operating in deep-water regions, which are susceptible to glacial ice. In particular for a turret-moored FPSO, this capability may be beneficial as an option prior to the turret disconnection. For this concept, the configuration of risers and mooring system should be carefully designed to withstand the shifting conditions, as the riser and mooring system will still be attached to the platform during the sidestep process. A steel riser in a lazy wave configuration (SLWR) is proposed to fulfill this requirement. This paper discusses the benefits and challenges of the sidestep concept. This paper also presents the analysis results of a lazy wave riser during the sidestep condition. Analysis works are carried out using the OrcaFlex simulation program. Introduction Oil and gas activities have now reached the ‘new frontier’ areas within the Arctic Circle. This area has always been regarded as challenging due to the harsh environmental conditions, which are characterized by sub-zero temperatures, severe sea-states, intensive seasonal fog and glacial ice masses. Glacial ice occurs in many areas of the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions, for example west and south east of Greenland, west of Baffin Island, on the Green Banks and in the Russian Arctic. Each of the field developments in the area above has its own specific ice management strategies. However, the strategies generally have two objectives: to ensure the safety of the assets (people, installations and environment) and to maximize operational efficiency.
- North America > Greenland (0.24)
- North America > Canada > Nunavut (0.24)