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Collaborating Authors
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
EPOS Thematic Core Service Anthropogenic Hazards - Open-Access Integrated Infrastructures for Research and Innovation in the Area of Anthropogenic Seismicity Associated with the Exploitation of Georesources
Lasocki, S. (Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences) | Orlecka-Sikora, B. (Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences) | Rudzinski, L. (Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences) | Lelonek, M. (Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences) | Kocot, J. (ACC Cyfronet, AGH) | Jones, G. (Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme) | Garcia-Aristizabal, A. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
ABSTRACT: EPOS Thematic Core Service ANTHROPOGENIC HAZARDS (TCS AH) integrates, within the framework of the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) (www.epos-eu.org), research infrastructures freely open for scientists, engineers, and all others interested in hazards posed by the seismicity induced by geo-resource exploration and exploitation. The integrated infrastructures consist of three components: •Data gathered in "episodes." An episode is a set of time-correlated geophysical and technological data and other relevant geo-data that comprehensively report anthropogenic seismicity cases and the industrial and geological conditions of these processes. •Applications, i.e., problem-oriented, bespoke, and standard software tools to process and analyze the data. They help relate seismicity and technological factors for hazard assessment and other scientific targets. •The episodes and applications are accessible on the EPISODES e-platform (https://tcs.ah-epos.eu), an IT environment for data modeling and analysis. The platform provides the user’s workspace, adequate hardware resources, including HPC systems and other facilities that grant quick and efficient execution of commissioned tasks. Here we present and describe the structure and details of this open-access facility. On an example of the pilot "Time-Dependent Anthropogenic Seismic Hazard Assessment," we demonstrate the potential of the integrated infrastructures for developing innovative practice solutions, ready-for-implementation in geo-resource exploitation. 1. INTRODUCTION Exploitation of geo-resources alters the stress and strength conditions in the engaged rock mass. In favorable conditions such alterations result in rock fracturing and violent emission of seismic waves. This process known as anthropogenic seismicity is an unwanted response of the rock mass to the technological processes. With rising demands for energy and minerals, anthropogenic seismicity has been appearing in association with diverse technological processes, and often also in previously aseismic regions. The induced or triggered earthquakes can accompany underground and open-pit mining, conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon extraction, geothermal energy production, underground liquid and gas storage including carbon sequestration, impoundment of surface reservoirs of liquids (like artificial lakes of dammed water for hydroelectric plants and ore-floatation waste repositories) and many other technological processes that perturb the boundary conditions in the affected rock (Lasocki and Orlecka-Sikora, 2020).
- Materials > Metals & Mining (1.00)
- Energy > Renewable > Geothermal (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Oceania > Australia > South Australia > Cooper Basin (0.99)
- Oceania > Australia > Queensland > Cooper Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > California > Mayacamas Mountains > Geysers Field (0.99)
- (5 more...)
- Information Technology > Software (0.66)
- Information Technology > Information Management (0.66)
Geodetic observation in geodynamics and engineering: Some examples (Sixth International Conference on Engineering Geophysics, Virtual, 25–28 October 2021)
Fernández, José (Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid) | Camacho, Antonio G. (Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid) | Prieto, Juan F. (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) | Escayo, Joaquín (Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid) | Palano, Mimmo (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Marzán, Ignacio (IGME)
In recent decades, there has been a great increment in the quality and quantity of geodetic data from a variety of terrestrial, aerial, and spatial sources covering displacement and gravity. The development of space geodetic techniques has played a key role in this advance in geodesy and led to a explosive increase in the spatial and temporal coverage and in the number of applications, while permitting the observation of terrestrial areas that are remote and hard to access using more classical ground-based methods. This has made it possible—for example—to detect deformations and variations in gravity associated with large earthquakes, or volcanoes that have not yet been studied systematically, and to monitor other natural or anthropogenic hazards. These advances have also been applied in other fields, particularly engineering, to allow more accurate measurement when executing and subsequently monitoring large-scale engineering projects, making it easier to keep track of deformations and detect pathologies in infrastructures and constructions. All these new capabilities highlight a clear need for new approaches to analysis, modeling, and interpretation. The quantitative combination of geodetic data with non-geodetic observations (e.g., seismicity, gas emissions, atmospheric measurements) using these new approaches is especially important. The abundant availability of data from a variety of sources also enables studies to be conducted on a very local scale (only a few hundred square meters), on a regional scale, and even on a global scale. We summarize some of these aspects and show some study examples of Geodetic observation and modeling to geodynamics and engineering: volcanic activity (Mt Etna, Sicily, Italy), earthquakes (2014 Mw 6.0 Napa Valley, California, earthquake), overexploitation of aquifers (Lorca area, Spain), dam stability (Siles, Spain), mining (Riotinto, Spain), and gravimetric crustal structure which can be used for prospecting.
- Europe > Spain (0.95)
- Europe > Italy (0.61)
- North America > United States > California > Napa County (0.26)
Assessing model uncertainty for the scaling function inversion of potential fields
Chauhan, Mahak Singh (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Pierri, Ivano (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II) | Sen, Mrinal K. (The University of Texas at Austin) | Fedi, Maurizio (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II)
ABSTRACT We have used the very fast simulated annealing algorithm to invert the scaling function along selected ridges, lying in a vertical section formed by upward continuing gravity data to a set of altitudes. The scaling function is formed by the ratio of the field derivative by the field itself, and it is evaluated along the lines formed by the zeros of the horizontal field derivative at a set of altitudes. We also use the same algorithm to invert gravity anomalies only at the measurement altitude. Our goal is to analyze the different models obtained through the two different inversions and to evaluate the relative uncertainties. One main difference is that the scaling function inversion is independent of density and the unknowns are the geometric parameters of the source. The gravity data are instead inverted for the source geometry and the density simultaneously. A priori information used for both the inversions is that the source has a known depth to the top. We examine the results over the synthetic examples of a salt dome structure generated by Talwani’s approach and real gravity data sets over the Mors salt dome (Denmark) and the Decorah Basin (USA). For all of these cases, the scaling function inversion yields models with better sensitivity to specific features of the sources, such as the tilt of the body, and reduced uncertainty. Finally, we analyze the density, which is one of the unknowns for the gravity inversion, and it is estimated from the geometric model for the scaling function inversion. The histograms over the density estimated at many iterations indicate a very concentrated distribution for the scaling function, whereas the density contrast retrieved by the gravity inversion, according to the fundamental ambiguity density/volume, is widely dispersed, making it difficult to assess its best estimate.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock (0.68)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Salt Tectonics (0.45)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (0.96)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (0.87)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Geologic modeling (0.68)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Artificial intelligence (0.68)
Numerical Analysis of Arsenic Concentration in the Marine Sediments of Bagnoli Bay
Daliri, Mohammad (Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli) | Somma, Renato (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia / Istituto di Ricerca su Innovazione e Servizi per lo Sviluppo) | Buccino, Mariano (Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli) | Troise, Claudia (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Molisso, Flavia (Istituto di Scienze Marine CNR) | De Natale, Giuseppe (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
ABSTRACT The Bagnoli Bay (Napoli, Southern Italy) has been long subjected to environmental contamination, due to a large steel plant, which occupied a significant part of its territory for nearly one century. However, it is also part of a wide volcanic area, where an active caldera exists. An environmental survey of nearshore and offshore marine sediments carried out in 2017, revealed concentrations of Arsenic nearly seven times higher than those permitted by law. These concentrations showed not necessarily correlated with the anthropogenic sources, thereby requiring supplementary analyses. Via multidisciplinary numerical tests conducted with the software package Delft-3D, this paper investigates the role of a creek that has been long used to convey thermal water from the upstream volcanic area to the coast. The model results compares reasonably well with marine sediments survey. INTRODUCTION Located in the North-Western part of the Gulf of Napoli (South Italy), the Bagnoli Bay is part of the Phlegrean Fields, a large volcanic area with a long history, dating back to the ancient Greek settlers (sixth century B.C). Since the early XX century, Bagnoli has been home of a large steel plant, which has reached a 2 million m surface in the late seventies. After the plant had been demitted, in 1992, scientists from different disciplines have been working together, to provide the area with an effective environmental restoring. In this respect, a key role is now played by the project ABBaCO (Stazione Zoologica Dohrn, 2020), funded by the Italian Ministry of Research, in the frame of which a remarkable effort is being produced to return Bagnoli its original beach, possibly protected with environmentally friendly low reflective structures (Buccino et al., 2014 , 2018). However, given the geological nature of the site, and the strong environmental impact produced by the old steel plant, the analysis of sediment contamination represent a primary variable to urgently account.
- Europe > Italy (1.00)
- Europe > Netherlands > South Holland > Delft (0.25)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Volcanology (1.00)
- Geology > Sedimentary Geology > Depositional Environment > Marine Environment (0.82)
Origin of Shale Gases from Around the World: Implications for Exploration
Milkov, Alexei (Colorado School of Mines) | Etiope, Giuseppe (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
Abstract Gas production from shale formations is growing, especially in the USA. However, the origin of shale gases remains poorly understood. The objective of this study is to interpret the origin of shale gases from around the world using recently revised gas genetic diagrams. We collected a large dataset of gas samples recovered from shale formations around the world and interpreted the origin of shale gases using recently revised gas genetic diagrams. The dataset includes >2000 gas samples from the USA, China, Canada, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Sweden, Poland, Argentina, United Kingdom and France. Both free gases collected at wellheads and desorbed gases from cores are included in the dataset. Shale gas samples come from >34 sedimentary basins and >65 different shale formations (plays) ranging in age from Proterozoic (Kyalla and Velkerri Formations, Australia) to Miocene (Monterey Formation, USA). The original data were presented in >80 publications and reports. We plotted molecular and isotopic properties of shale gases on the revised genetic diagrams and determined the origin of shale gases. Based on the distribution of shale gases within the genetic diagram of δC of methane (C1) versus C1/(C2+C3), most shale gases appear to have thermogenic origin. The majority of these thermogenic gases are late-mature (e.g., Marcellus Formation, USA and Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, China) and mid-mature (associated with oil generation, e.g., Eagle Ford Formation, USA). Importantly, shales may contain early-mature thermogenic gases rarely found in conventional accumulations (e.g., T⊘yen Formation, Sweden and Colorado Formation, Canada). Some shale gases have secondary microbial origin, i.e., they originated from anaerobic biodegradation of oils. For example, gases from New Albany Formation and Antrim Formation (USA) have secondary microbial origin. Relatively few shale gases have primary microbial origin, and they often have some minor admixture of thermogenic gas (e.g., Nicolet Formation, Canada and Alum Formation, Sweden). Two other revised gas genetic plots based on δH and δC of methane and δC of CO2 support and enhance the above interpretation. Although shales that contain secondary microbial gas can be productive (e.g., New Albany Formation, USA), the resource-rich, highly productive and commercially successful shale plays contain thermogenic gas. Plays with late-mature thermogenic gas (e.g., Marcellus Formation, USA and Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, China) appear to be most productive.
- North America > United States > Kentucky (1.00)
- North America > United States > Illinois (0.89)
- North America > United States > Indiana (0.70)
- North America > United States > West Virginia > Appalachian Basin > Marcellus Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Virginia > Appalachian Basin > Marcellus Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > West Gulf Coast Tertiary Basin > Eagle Ford Shale Formation (0.99)
- (48 more...)
CSO: The Catalogue of Italian Off-Shore Seismicity
Anselmi, M. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | De Gori, P. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Buttinelli, M. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Chiarabba, C. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
ABSTRACT During the last years it has been observed a substantial increase in security request for the areas hosting energy production facilities, especially after the accident occurred in 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. In this context, since 2014 the Italian government throughout the mineral and energy resources office of the Minister of economic development is facing this challenging task via an operative project aimed at improving the security of the off-shore oil and gas production plants. This project is based on a multidisciplinary approach which points to understand all the security planning aspects around the extraction facilities, involving partners as universities, research centers and consortiums, public companies, as well the Italian Navy. Among them, the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) participates in the project dealing with scientific aspects related to seismology, tectonophysics and seismotectonic. The task of the project entrusted to INGV contains the feasibility studies to improve the security level of the off-shore plants referring to the seismic hazard assessment, as part of an entire security plan. In this work we present the preliminary results obtained by the design of an innovative useful tool, named CSO (Catalogo della Sismicità Off-shore, Italian Catalogue of Italian Off-shore Seismicity). The idea of this catalogue has grown up since there is a compelling need, not only for the scientific community, to obtain high-quality locations of the seismicity occurred in the Italian off-shore areas to be correctly addressed to active off-shore tectonic structures. This is much more relevant since it allows and constrain further detailed operations regarding the management of security levels of such infrastructures present in seismic areas, as recommended by the aims of the project for oil and gas facilities. As well known, the solution of an earthquake location problem has a quality decreasing as the earthquake occur outside of the seismic network (azimuthal gap > 180°). The main goal of the CSO is to improve the location quality of the earthquakes occurred in the off-shore domains, reducing uncertainties in location errors. Different tests were produced as a trial-and-error approach, tuning the setting parameters of the location code in order to minimize errors and enhance the accuracy. These preliminary results were obtained using a 1-D average velocity model for the entire dataset, that consistently improved the previous available seismic datasets. The next step to determine a further improve will be to define several "ad hoc" regional velocity models that will much more enhance the quality of locations.
Denoising of magnetotelluric data by polarization analysis in the discrete wavelet transform domain
Carbonari, Rolando (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II) | Di Maio, Rosa (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II) | D'Auria, Luca (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Petrillo, Zaccaria (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)
ABSTRACT The development of denoising techniques of magnetotelluric (MT) data affected by cultural noise is currently one of the most important objective to make magnetotellurics reliably in urban or industrialized areas. In this work, a new denoising technique of MT data affected by temporally localized noise is proposed. It is based on the polarization analysis of the MT field in the time-frequency domain achieved through a discrete wavelet transform. This transform, thanks to the possibility to operate in both time and frequency domains, allows the automatic detection of transient components within the MT signal possibly due to disturbances of anthropic nature. Unlike the continuous wavelet transform, it permits to reconstruct the denoised signal in the time domain in order to test the effectiveness of the filter. Applications to both synthetic and field MT data have shown the ability of the implemented filter to detect and remove effectively the cultural noise. Presentation Date: Wednesday, October 19, 2016 Start Time: 2:45:00 PM Location: Lobby D/C Presentation Type: POSTER
3D modeling of buried valley geology using airborne electromagnetic data
Sapia, Vincenzo (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Oldenborger, Greg A. (Geological Survey of Canada) | Jørgensen, Flemming (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland) | Pugin, André J.-M. (Geological Survey of Canada) | Marchetti, Marco (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Viezzoli, Andrea (Aarhus Geophysics Aps)
Abstract Buried valleys are important hydrogeologic features of glaciated terrains. They often contain valuable groundwater resources; however, they can remain undetected by borehole-based hydrogeologic mapping or prospecting campaigns. Airborne electromagnetic (AEM) surveys provide high-density information that can allow detailed features of buried valleys to be efficiently mapped over large geographic areas. Using AEM data for the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer system in Manitoba, Canada, we developed a 3D electric property model and a geologic model of the buried valley network. The 3D models were derived from voxel-based segmentation of electric resistivity obtained via spatially constrained inversion of two separate helicopter time-domain electromagnetic data sets (AeroTEM and versatile time-domain electromagnetic [VTEM]) collected over the survey area. Because the electric resistivity do not provide unequivocal information on subsurface lithology, we have used a cognitive procedure to interpret the electric property models of the aquifer complex, while simultaneously incorporating supporting information for the assignment of lithology in the 3D geologic model. For the Spiritwood model, supporting information included seismic reflection data and borehole records. These data constrained valley geometry and provided lithologic benchmarks at specific borehole sites and along seismic transects. The large-scale AeroTEM survey provided the basis for modeling the regional extent and connectivity of the Spiritwood Valley Aquifer system, whereas the local-scale VTEM survey provided higher near-surface resolution and insight into a detailed shallow architecture of individual buried valleys and their fill.
- North America > United States (1.00)
- Europe (1.00)
- North America > Canada > Ontario (0.28)
- North America > Canada > Manitoba (0.25)
- Geology > Rock Type (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Environmental Geology > Hydrogeology (1.00)
- Geology > Sedimentary Geology > Depositional Environment > Continental Environment > Glacial Environment (0.69)
- Europe > United Kingdom > England > London Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Ohio (0.91)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Geologic modeling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
Imaging of an active fault: Comparison between 3D GPR data and outcrops at the Castrovillari fault, Calabria, Italy
Maurizio, Ercoli (Università degli Studi di Perugia) | Cristina, Pauselli (Università degli Studi di Perugia) | Francesca, Romana Cinti (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Emanuele, Forte (University of Trieste) | Roberto, Volpe (Università degli Studi di Perugia)
Abstract We have integrated and analyzed a 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) volume with a trenching exposure data set to evaluate the potential of these methods individually and combined for study of a fault zone. We chose a test site across a branch of the active Castrovillari fault in the Northern Calabria (Southern Italy). This tectonic structure is one of the most active in the area, and it has generated strong earthquakes in the past. Based on analysis of previously collected data, a 3D GPR survey was carried out 1.2 m from a fault outcrop. The goal was to use the GPR volume to guide and optimize the excavation of a trench and then to use the trenching data to validate the GPR volume interpretation. We used seismic interpretation software to display vertical and horizontal sections and for horizon tracking and attribute analyses. We obtained quantitative information on the geometry of structural and geologic features, such as fault strike and dip angle, defining the boundaries of different stratigraphic units. We validated our GPR data interpretation with the outcrop section and trench wall demonstrating the benefits of GPR in extensional tectonics environments and the great potential of the combined geologic and geophysical approach.
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic > Quaternary (0.68)
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic > Neogene (0.46)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Fault (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics > Earthquake (0.86)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (1.00)
- Geophysics > Electromagnetic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.46)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reserves Evaluation > Estimates of resource in place (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Geologic modeling (0.94)
Gas Seepage Detection And Monitoring At Seafloor
Marinaro, G. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Etiope, G. (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) | Gasparoni, F. (Tecnomare S.p.A.) | Furlan, F. (Tecnomare S.p.A.) | Bruni, F. (Tecnomare S.p.A.)
ABSTRACT: Innovative technological solutions have been developed and applied since 2004 by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) and Tecnomare Spa to detect and monitor anomalies of methane in near-bottom seawaters related to natural gas seepage. These solutions are based on the use of commercial methane sensors, combined with multidisciplinary (oceanographic and geophysical) instruments, operated by customdesigned benthic stations or "inspection" modules. We show examples of long-term continuous gas monitoring performed by seafloor observatories GMM and SN-4, as well as examples of areal exploration surveys by instrumented module MEDUSA. Long-term monitoring at seepage sites showed CH4 variations apparently related to episodic degassing activity, as a sort of "pulsation" events. Exploration surveys allowed to identify areas of gas seepage in correspondence with mounds and tectonic dislocation on the seabed. Analyses of molecular and isotopic composition of gas dissolved in seawater sampled during the exploration surveys, allowed to assess the origin of gas. The surveys also showed a good sensitiveness and reaction time of all sensors (methane, oxygen, temperature, turbidity meter, supported by video camera and lights) approaching gas seeps. In all cases, methane sensor redundancy and specific cross-checks of data from different sensors adopted proved to be fundamental to distinguish weak but actual seepage events from spurious signals related to oceanographic or instrumental variability
- Europe (0.47)
- North America > United States (0.27)
- Information Technology > Communications > Networks (0.47)
- Information Technology > Data Science (0.46)