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Collaborating Authors
Schlumberger K.K.
Log Interpretation of MITI Rumoi
Morikawa, Go (Mitsui Oil Exploration Co., Ltd) | Maeda, Junji (Mitsui Oil Exploration Co., Ltd) | Maehara, Yuki (Schlumberger K.K.) | Xia, Lingdan (Schlumberger K.K.)
Abstract When Mitsui Oil Exploration Co., Ltd. (hereinafter called MOECO) evaluates hydrocarbon potential in Tenpoku Seihou Area which is located offshore north-west Hokkaido, Japan, one of our concerns is sand presence and its property. Main potential reservoirs in this area are expected to be Chikubetsu and Sankebetsu formations, which are observed in onshore well "MITI Rumoi" drilled in 1985. The challenges of formation evaluation derive from the fact that GR does not respond to shaliness clearly even though sandstone and mudstone were distinguished in cores and cuttings. This is due to complex mineral composition and volcanic influx in sandstone and mudstone. One of the approaches for volcanic sandstone reservoir evaluation is presented in this talk. Prior to log interpretation, environmental correction and depth matching were thoroughly performed. In order to understand the log response to lithology identified by mud log, principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out at first. Then, for better understanding of log response to lithology, a formation volumetric modelling with multi-minerals was performed by ELAN using wireline log, XRD and core data. The result showed that estimated porosity and permeability were comparable to core data. However, lithology was not well organized in mineralogical model due to the complex texture. Therefore, the formation volumetric model was updated using lithological concept by ELAN based on VSH from SP which showed the highest correspondence with lithology shown by PCA. For porosity estimation of the lithology model, the porosity from mineralogy model was used as initial model. The lithological volumetric model matched well with cuttings lithology, and it also matched with core porosity and permeability. This approach in MITI Rumoi will give us useful measure for volcanic reservoir evaluation in further exploration work in this area. Introduction MOECO is planning to drill an exploration well offshore north-west Hokkaido, Japan, which is located in the area of Tenpoku Seihou 3D as shown in Figure 1. MITI Rumoi well is the best offset well to the further exploration well and it is helpful to understand the expected reservoir property for the target formations, which are Chikubetsu formation and Sankebetsu formation. These formations are commonly observed onshore outcrop in alternating beds of mudstone, siltstone, tuff and sandstone in Eocene to Miocene age.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock (1.00)
Abstract For the past several years, cores and image logs have been utilized extensively by petroleum geologists to solve many exploration and development related challenges. However, maximum utilization of these data has not been achieved due to lack of availability of advanced computation techniques and methodology. Because of the limited utilization, the need for these very important logging data may be questioned, particularly in this highly cost-sensitive period of oil industry. In this study, different advanced techniques have been systematically demonstrated to display the maximum utilization of this logging data for oil exploration and development activity. Much critical information, such as rock texture, thin laminations, formation dip, and reservoir heterogeneity, cannot be clearly understood using conventional log data because of very low resolution. INPEX geologists decided to conduct a detailed analysis on existing core samples and image log data to identify and understand heterogeneous reservoir properties that will be critical information for future field development. At the beginning of the workflow, raw data from the field were carefully processed though accurate depth matching and applying the most accurate processing parameters. After initial processing of field data, different advanced techniques were applied to achieve the maximum amount of high-resolution information from these data utilizing Techlog*wellbore software platform:Log quality control Image calibration with shallow resistivity Static and dynamic image creation Fullbore image creation Slab-like image creation Dip picking Sand counting analysis Sand resistivity spectrum analysis Porosity spectrum analysis To achieve the most information from core photography data, core slab photographs were converted to digital array data through the latest technique of core array creation. First, core photographs(whole core four-direction photograph and slab photograph) were loaded into the Techlog platform, and core photos were converted to red, green, blue, and grayscale 2D arrays. *Mark of Schlumberger
- North America > United States > Texas (0.46)
- Asia > Middle East (0.28)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Stratigraphy (0.66)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Borehole Seismic Surveying (0.69)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Wolfcamp Formation (0.99)
- (23 more...)
Characterization of Azimuthal Slowness Sensitivity for LWD Unipole Tools
Syresin, Denis (Schlumberger K.K.) | Sakiyama, Naoki (Schlumberger K.K.) | Yamamoto, Hiroaki (Schlumberger K.K.) | Iritani, Ryohei (Schlumberger K.K.) | Nakajima, Hiroshi (Schlumberger K.K.)
Abstract There is a growing attention focused on the development of sonic while drilling tools sensitive to azimuthal variation of formation properties around the wellbore. Because of their capability to evaluate elastic properties with azimuthal data, these tools can be used in various applications, such as the evaluation of formation elastic moduli, geosteering, etc. In this paper, we illustrate that sonic while drilling tools equipped with oriented unipole sources offer some advantages over monopole and quadrupole LWD measurements and can be used for shale reservoir characterization in horizontal and deviated wells. As the primary processing technique for unipole tools the simple semblance-based processing algorithm is utilized to evaluate azimuthal compressional and shear slownesses in fast formations. In the present paper we focus our study on the physical understanding of the unipole measurement and its natural characteristics under different conditions. We present the results of systematic numerical analyses assuming various formation elastic properties and demonstrate that the computed compressional and shear wave slownesses are within a few percent error for a wide range of formations with shear slowness up to mud slowness value. For unconventional reservoirs with a transversely isotropic formation with the vertical axis of symmetry (TIV), the unipole tool can be used to distinguish compressional, fast (horizontal) and slow (vertical) shear slownesses in both horizontal and tilted wells. However, in TIV formations with anisotropy rate greater than 45% the processing of slow shear wave is complicated due to its contamination from the energetic fast shear wave. The modeling study is corroborated by field data acquired in a horizontal well in anisotropic shale formation.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (0.75)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (0.55)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.69)
- North America > United States (0.89)
- Europe > France (0.89)
Modeling gas hydrate petroleum systems of the Pleistocene turbiditic sedimentary sequences of the Daini-Atsumi area, eastern Nankai Trough, Japan
Fujii, Tetsuya (Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC)) | Tin Aung, Than (Schlumberger K.K.) | Wada, Naoya (Schlumberger K.K.) | Komatsu, Yuhei (Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC)) | Suzuki, Kiyofumi (Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC)) | Ukita, Toshiyasu (JOGMEC, Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd.) | Wygrala, Bjorn (Schlumberger Aachen Technology Center) | Fuchs, Thomas (Schlumberger Aachen Technology Center) | Rottke, Wolf (Schlumberger Aachen Technology Center) | Egawa, Kosuke (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), INPEX Corporation)
Abstract We have performed 2D and 3D gas hydrate (GH) petroleum systems modeling for the Pleistocene turbiditic sedimentary sequences distributed in the Daini-Atsumi area in the eastern Nankai Trough to understand the accumulation mechanisms and their spatial distribution related to geologic and geochemical processes. High-resolution seismic facies analysis and interpretations were used to define facies distributions in the models. We have created a new biogenic methane generation model based on the biomarker analysis using core samples and incorporated it into our model. Our 2D models were built and simulated to confirm the parameters to be used for 3D modeling. Global sea level changes and paleogeometry estimated from 3D structural restoration results were taken into account to determine the paleowater depth of the deposited sedimentary sequences. Pressure and temperature distributions were modeled because they are the basic factors that control the GH stability zone. Our 2D modeling results suggested that the setting of biogenic methane generation depth is one of the most important controlling factors for GH accumulation in the Nankai Trough, which may be related to the timing of methane upward migration (expulsion) and methane solution process in pore water. Our 3D modeling results suggested that the distribution of sandy sediments and the formation dip direction are important controlling factors in the accumulation of GHs. We also found that the simulated amount of GH accumulation from the petroleum systems modeling compares well with independent estimations using 3D seismic and well data. This suggests that the model constructed in this study is valid for this GH system evaluation and that this type of evaluation can be useful as a supplemental approach to resource assessment.
- Research Report > Experimental Study (0.68)
- Research Report > New Finding (0.48)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.68)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Interpretation (0.66)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Geologic modeling (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Information Technology > Communications > Networks > Sensor Networks (0.93)
- Information Technology > Modeling & Simulation (0.68)
LWD Sonic Real-Time Leaky Compressional and Quadrupole Measurements
Robinson, Nicholas (Schlumberger K.K.) | Oshima, Atsushi (Schlumberger K.K.) | Tohda, Masahide (Schlumberger K.K.) | Fukushima, Takeshi (Schlumberger K.K.) | Sakiyama, Naoki (Schlumberger K.K.) | Yamamoto, Hiroaki (Schlumberger K.K.)
Abstract This paper introduces new real-time logging-while-drilling (LWD) sonic technologies and discusses the developments that were necessary to bring them about. Leaky compressional (leaky-P) and quadrupole shear were previously memory-mode products available only after drilling. Both are now available in real-time. To use existing surface processing techniques in the downhole environment, a new processing board was designed utilizing multiple processing units and a greatly improved memory access scheme. This was necessary because of the advanced processing method that is employed for quadrupole. To be applicable for LWD, the processing method was optimized to require little or no user input. The processing method for leaky-P and quadrupole shear runs on the tool while drilling and sends the respective slowness values to surface in real-time via mud-pulse telemetry. Because the slowness of each is frequency dependent, a quality control (QC) indicator is also sent uphole in real-time to give the user confidence in the processed result. An optimized method of producing the QC indicator was made allowing QC to be done within the constraints of the downhole environment. Validation of the real-time processing was done by comparing it to memory data. The results showed good agreement; leaky-P and Quadrupole showed a real-time to memory data match within 1%. The real-time QC indicator offered valuable confirmation that the real-time answer was correct. Compressional and shear measurements are inputs to wellbore stability control, surface seismic correlation, shallow gas identification, and various other applications. If the formation being logged is very slow, leaky-P and quadrupole shear are needed to determine the formation compressional and shear slowness. Now that both are available in real-time, more can be known about the well while drilling. Hardware Overview The logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool used is a multimode tool that utilizes two separate transmitters (Auchere et al., 2013). This is done to achieve better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the quadrupole mode in large holes and soft formations. By using a special type of piezo ceramic in a dual-layer configuration, it is possible to excite a borehole quadrupole mode with higher SNR compared to the traditional monopole-type piezo ceramic for LWD sonic tools. Because the new type of ceramic also excites a stronger collar arrival, it is not suitable for monopole P&S measurements.
- Asia > Japan (0.75)
- North America > United States (0.47)
Advances in Wireline-Conveyed In-Situ Fluid Analysis
Marjono, Andhi (Schlumberger K.K.) | Morita, Yoko (Schlumberger K.K.) | Kader, Kamal (Schlumberger K.K.) | Jalahi, Younes (Schlumberger K.K.)
Abstract Developments in wireline-conveyed fluid analysis are motivated by the growing diversity of resource types and field environments in which our clients operate, as well as the possibilities growing out of the emergence of new technologies. Clients encounter a wide spectrum of reservoir fluid types from dry gas to heavy oil, varied physico-chemical characteristics (sour, waxy, asphaltenic, biodegraded, volatile/critical, BTX-rich), range of drilling and completion fluids which mix with the native reservoir fluids (water-based, oil-based, latter as either natural petroleum distillates or synthetic oils), field context (conventional/unconventional, land/platform/subsea, and associated pressure and temperature conditions, including HPHT), and field development stages (exploration, development, production, the latter in primary, secondary, or tertiary recovery). In this paper we describe how by use of advanced deployment and sensing technologies, data processing and interpretation methods, and information technology infrastructure, the service industry is able to address the fundamental challenges arising from the diversity of field and fluid contexts enumerated above. Areas undergoing active investigation are also briefly described.
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Fluid Characterization > Phase behavior and PVT measurements (0.70)
Robust Estimation of Shear Slowness from Quadrupole Mode in LWD Environment
Zhang, Zhenxin (Schlumberger K.K.) | Mochida, Manabu (Schlumberger K.K.) | Kubota, Miyako (Schlumberger K.K.) | Yamamoto, Hiroaki (Schlumberger K.K.) | Scheibner, David (Schlumberger K.K.) | Endo, Takeshi (Schlumberger K.K.)
ABSTRACT Quadrupole acoustic logging has is to measure shear in the logging-while-drilling (LWD) environment in the oil field service industry today. A robust estimation of shear slowness from quadrupole acoustic logging requires an inversion method that takes into account the dispersion of the quadrupole mode, including tool-presence effects. This inversion method was developed to adopt a semblance processing methodology. The inversion optimizes formation shear slowness and also includes optimization of mud slowness as an internal parameter to compensate for effects of undetermined mud slowness. The forward modeling of quadrupole dispersion behavior is based on a homogeneous isotropic (HI) formation model which already includes the tool-presence effects. An automatic selection method of frequency band is designed to minimize errors from unknown borehole parameters. The multi-shot processing mode enhances the vertical resolution of the shear slowness log. Thus the two-parameter inversion becomes more robust in a wide range of LWD environments. Testing with finite difference method waveforms validated the inversion method and the field results show very good agreement with wireline measurements.
- Asia > Japan (0.50)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
Long-Term Downhole Monitoring System Development and Deployment for the World’s First Methane Hydrate Production Test
Kanno, Takayuki (Schlumberger K.K.) | Chee, Soon Seong (Schlumberger K.K.) | Takekoshi, Mika (Schlumberger K.K.) | Yamamoto, Koji (Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation)
ABSTRACT This paper summarizes the work for developing and deploying the world's first deepwater long-term monitoring system which is designed for the methane hydrate production test in Nankai Trough in the first quarter of 2013. The system is targeting to record temperature profiles through the methane hydrate reservoirs. One of the most challenging requirements is this downhole monitoring system must be self-operated by battery without cable connection from the sea surface for the period of 18 months. Therefore, the reliability and redundancy of the monitoring system are the key design challenges on top of the measurement data quality and offshore deployment tasks. The monitoring system was developed and the installations for the monitoring wells were successfully completed in offshore Japan of 1000m water depth in February and March, 2012. The valuable data were also recorded by temperature sensors during the cementing.
- Well Completion > Completion Monitoring Systems/Intelligent Wells > Downhole sensors & control equipment (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Non-Traditional Resources > Gas hydrates (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations > Well & Reservoir Surveillance and Monitoring > Production logging (0.89)
Saturation, Acoustic Properties, Growth Habit, and State of Stress of a Gas Hydrate Reservoir from Well Logs
Murray, D.R. (Schlumberger K.K.) | Fukuhara, M. (Schlumberger K.K.) | Osawa, O. (Schlumberger K.K.) | Endo, T. (Schlumberger K.K.) | Kleinberg, R.L. (Schlumberger Doll Research) | Sinha, B.K. (Schlumberger Doll Research) | Namikawa, T. (Japan Oil)
ABSTRACT Gas hydrates are a class of solid ice-like substances that form when water and natural gas combine at high pressure and low temperature, conditions that are found in and below permafrost, and in the shallow sediments of continental slopes. This paper describes the responses of resistivity, nuclear, sonic, and nuclear magnetic resonance logging tools to gas hydrate-bearing sediments. Gas hydrate saturation is estimated by a combination of density and magnetic resonance porosity logs, and by resistivity measurements. These methods generally agree except where the borehole is washed out. The dipole sonic log is used to estimate the orientation and magnitude of maximum and minimum horizontal stresses. Vertical stress is found by integrating the density log over true vertical depth. Results agree with mechanical measurements made in an offset well. A combination of magnetic resonance and sonic measurements is used to determine the pore scale growth habit of gas hydrate. The growth habit in the marine sediments studied here appears to be different from that found in the Arctic. However, both are consistent with hydrate-bearing sediments that are liquid-water-wet.
- North America > United States (0.68)
- Asia > Japan > Kantō (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Sedimentary Geology > Depositional Environment > Marine Environment (0.53)
High Resolution Compressional Slowness Log Estimation Using First Motion Detection
Valero, H-P (Schlumberger-Doll Research) | Tejada, M. (Schlumberger K.K.) | Yoneshima, S. (Schlumberger K.K.) | Yamamoto, H. (Schlumberger K.K.)
Introduction Summary Semblance processing is a robust and reliable processing used to measure formation slowness that is of significant value for geophysical, petrophysical and geomechanical applications. Nevertheless, the vertical resolution of the computed slowness log is linked to the length of the receiver array used to record the data. Therefore it can be difficult to compare slowness logs with other measurement of higher vertical resolution. To overcome this problem, an improved first motion algorithm allowing the computation of a high-resolution sonic log has been developed. The technique considers that the part of the waveform before and after the first break can be modeled as an AR process. Next the use of the Bayesian information criterion combined with the computation of the envelope of the signal will allow for an automatic computation and estimation of the first break. We will demonstrate that this first motion technique does not require any human intervention and in most cases provides a robust and accurate transit times. This algorithm will then be applied on real data to produce a high-resolution log that will be compared with some others high vertical resolution wireline measurements Formation slownesses are obtained through the processing of array sonic waveforms using techniques such as Slowness Time Coherence, STC (Kimball & Marzetta, 1984). STC and its most recent evolution (Endo et al, 1999) are robust techniques, widely used in acoustic logging and provide results that can be trusted in most cases. The processing is robust, automatic and provides easy evaluation of arrivals propagating across an array of sonic waveforms. An improved version of this processing was made a few years ago (Kimball, 1998) to incorporate the dispersion correction of flexural waves. Semblance technique produces confident answers in homogeneous formation; however the underlying assumption is that the slowness of the components remains constant across the length of the array. When this is not true, for example near bed boundaries, or in layered formations, the quality of the answers degrades and results can be erroneous or absent. Also, this entails that the vertical resolution of the resulting slowness log is approximately the array length, which is, 6 ft for the next generation sonic tool. Other porosity log data generally has a vertical resolution of 2 ft or less. An obvious solution to solve this problem is to decrease the array length, for example by reducing the number of receivers. However doing so al also reduces usable information and signal to noise ratio. In order to alleviate this issue and to have better consistency between the vertical resolutions of the various logging measurements, an automatic methodology for generating high-resolution slowness log data from sonic travel times with no human involvement was developed. The methodology is based on an improved first arrival detection scheme that generates travel times in a quick and efficient manner. This new first motion methodology provides quality control indicators that make it easier for the user to check and evaluate the quality of the obtained results.
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Representation & Reasoning > Uncertainty > Bayesian Inference (0.49)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning > Learning Graphical Models > Directed Networks > Bayesian Learning (0.49)
- Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Vision (0.43)