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Higher temperatures and pressures in reservoirs add complexity to corrosion mitigation. February 2013 - Oil and Gas Facilities 23 acquisition and management, action protocols, models, from a variety of crudes has led to a renewed industry verification, and some form of validation, he said. The additional attention has encouraged corrosion. Operators can change the material every time it researchers to develop new techniques for mitigating the fails, replacing the tubing, surface lines, or even vessels when effects of corrosion and for monitoring the effectiveness of they fail. The second alternative is to change the material of those agents.
- Europe (0.46)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (0.15)
- North America > United States > Ohio > Denmark Field (0.89)
- Europe > United Kingdom (0.89)
- Europe > Netherlands (0.89)
- Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (1.00)
- (2 more...)
S, which could cause sweet and sour corrosion. One of the costliest is corrosion. And if not selected and/or applied While fixed steel platforms are designed on the basis properly, coatings can degrade rapidly when exposed to that there will be external fouling (marine growth buildup), corrosive environments, such as seawater and the marine floating oil and gas facilities require routine maintenance and atmosphere. The quality of the coatings applied to a floating preventive solutions to control corrosion. The ramifications of water chemistries can initiate fouling and bacterial corroding offshore structures can take the form of added contamination, heavy-duty epoxies are used in the corrosion costs for new construction, maintenance costs on aging/ control design of structures and facilities, which are corroding equipment, inspections, structural integrity constructed mainly of carbon steel.
- Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety (1.00)
- (2 more...)
Q&A Saif Al Ghafli, CEO of Abu Dhabi-based Al Hosn Gas, says the Shah gas field development has raised the technical benchmark for sour gas field development in the Middle East. What is the main scope of the Shah gas field development project and what are the main technologies you are using to process the sour gas? The scope of the whole company, Al Hosn Gas, is to drill for gas in the Shah gas field, which is a sour gas field located in northern Abu Dhabi. The scope of the company is to process 1 Bcf/D of raw gas, feed gas from the Shah gas field, and treat the gas for production of different products in order to produce condensate, sales gas, natural gas liquids, and elemental sulfur. The project is being developed by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) and Occidental Petroleum. The project was initially planned to be developed in a joint venture with ConocoPhillips, but after it withdrew from the project, ADNOC continued for a year working on the project as a wholly owned project, in which the engineering department at ADNOC developed the procurement of the long lead items. Things kept on going while ADNOC was looking for another partner, and it eventually selected Oxy. What is the status of the project? Is it on track for 2014 delivery? It is progressing according to plan and we are targeting startup in the last quarter of 2014. All engineering, procurement, and construction contractors are working to reach the same goal, and we are on track for a 2014 startup. Are you expecting to reach full capacity shortly? Yes, indeed. The plant will ramp up quickly in production, and our aim is to reach full production from the first year notwithstanding any technical problems. Was “cutting-edge technology” used in the project? The technologies in this project involve drilling, gas gathering, and processing. This field was discovered in the mid-1960s, and due to the high acid level of the gas contained in the field, plus its remote location and the reservoir characteristics of the field, it was almost impossible to develop the field. But over the years, drilling technologies have improved, and prospects of adhering to health, safety, and environmental guidelines have also improved, along with safety measurements. All these developments have allowed us to exploit the field. Several technologies have been used during development—those related to health, safety, and the environment; drilling; processing; corrosion resistance alloys employed in the piping and machinery; and many others. These are some of the technical advancements that have enabled us to develop this field.
- Personal > Interview (0.50)
- Overview > Innovation (0.35)
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Middle East Government > UAE Government (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > UAE > Abu Dhabi > Rub' al Khali Basin > Shah Field > Thamama Group Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > UAE > Abu Dhabi > Arabian Gulf > Rub' al Khali Basin > Bab Field > Thamama Group Formation (0.99)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Health (1.00)
- Management > Asset and Portfolio Management > Field development optimization and planning (0.97)
What is the main scope of the Shah gas field development project and what are the main technologies you are using to process the sour gas? The scope of the whole company, Al Hosn Gas, is to drill for gas in the Shah gas field, which is a sour gas field located in northern Abu Dhabi. The scope of the company is to process 1 Bcf/D of raw gas, feed gas from the Shah gas field, and treat the gas for production of different products in order to produce condensate, sales gas, natural gas liquids, and elemental sulfur. The project is being developed by Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) and Occidental Petroleum. The project was initially planned to be developed in a joint venture with ConocoPhillips, but after it withdrew from the project, ADNOC continued for a year working on the project as a wholly owned project, in which the engineering department at ADNOC developed the procurement of the long lead items.
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Middle East Government > UAE Government (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > UAE > Abu Dhabi > Rub' al Khali Basin > Shah Field > Thamama Group Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > UAE > Abu Dhabi > Arabian Gulf > Rub' al Khali Basin > Bab Field > Thamama Group Formation (0.99)
- Well Drilling (0.98)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (0.78)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Health (0.64)
- Management > Asset and Portfolio Management > Field development optimization and planning (0.56)
Industry Practices of Sour Gas Management by Reinjection: Benefits, Methodologies, Economic Evaluation and Case Studies
Siddiqui, Muhammad Ibad (United Energy Pakistan Limited) | Baber, Shahzaib (NED University of Engineering & Technology) | Saleem, Waleed Anwar (NED University of Engineering & Technology) | Jafri, Mohammad Osama (NED University of Engineering & Technology) | Hafeez, Qaiser (NED University of Engineering & Technology)
Abstract Due to declining global demand for basic sulphur, the economics of extracting sulphur from sour natural gas has become unfavourable. Furthermore, air emission standards and regulation authorities are becoming increasingly strict, thereby increasing the economical strain on E&P companies producing natural acid gas. E&P companies are in search of environmentally-friendly and cost-effective methods for dealing with acid gases, which are produced in association with sour natural gas. Acid gas re-injection is gaining attention due to its eco-friendly nature and lower cost. These benefits help this technique to overcome traditional H2S processing and the problems of handling the elemental sulphur product, particularly for very sour natural gas streams. This paper discusses industry practices of acid gas injection with reference to their phase behaviour. Four stage acid gas injection is discussed along with graphical and diagrammatical representation. Acid gas is injected into the reservoir at a very high pressure; but can the toxic acid gases be safely handled at such a high injection pressure? This question is answered in this study, throwing light on some risk management aspects while performing this operation. This paper also reviews comparative economic analysis of various H2S management options available to developing Middle East fields keeping in mind HSE, operating procedures, reduced costs, with injection method leading the rest. Finally certain benefits of acid gas injection would be described some of which includes: Reduction of SO2 emissions. Permanent, reliable storage of toxic gases. Eliminating the cost for acid gas treatment plant. Very much efficient for EOR/IOR schemes as sweep efficiency of H2S is better than CO2. Eliminates the cost of storage of these gases.
- Asia > Pakistan (0.47)
- North America > Canada (0.46)
- Asia > Middle East > UAE > Abu Dhabi Emirate (0.28)
The NSRP Surface Preparation & Coatings (SPC) Panel provides a forum for Industry to work with the US Navy to reduce the overall costs of shipboard preservation. Since 1973, the panel has provided a public discussion forum and sponsored over 100 projects investigating technologies and processes to reduce cost and maintain quality of surface preparation and coatings in the shipbuilding industry. The SPC Panel is a collaborative effort involving representatives from the NSRP member shipyards, private shipyards, public shipyards, subcontractors, vendors, academia, and NAVSEA. The panel facilitates information/data exchange and sponsors technical projects. Project results are implemented through specification changes, process improvements and the implementation of innovative materials and tools.
- Government > Military > Navy (1.00)
- Transportation > Marine (0.94)
- Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (0.74)
US Yards have undertaken benchmarking studies under the auspices of the national Shipbuilding Program for many years. However during that time little emphasis has been placed on the coating process. During that time however, coatings have increasingly become problematic at new construction in particular as a result of the relative increase in labor content, the increased regulatory and environmental burdens and the impact on the build schedule and strategy of what is often a bottleneck process.
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Shipbuilding (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Benchmarking and performance indicators (0.89)
- Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (0.69)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (0.69)
- Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Pipelines, Flowlines and Risers > Materials and corrosion (0.69)
Ocean-going ships are especially vulnerable to corrosion, particularly their ballast tanks, which are essentially empty and filled with air during ‘cargo leg’ portions of a voyage. Because of varying air and seawater contents ballast tanks have become especially vulnerable, requiring , expensive periodic cleaning, resurfacing and structural repairs. It has been found that an atmosphere of inert gas has a significant anti-corrosion effect on steel surfaces subject to salt water. This protective effect is increasingly being exploited to protect the interior of the ballast tanks. The proposed method, described herein, uses the gas mixture from currently-available inert gas generators, to provide a distribution system that guarantees access of the protective mixture to all points in a tank and to also provide means to “gas free” the space for human access.
- Transportation > Marine (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas (1.00)
- Materials > Chemicals (0.96)
- (2 more...)
- Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (1.00)
- Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Pipelines, Flowlines and Risers > Materials and corrosion (1.00)
Combining cathodic protection and antifouling into a single hull system
Policastro, Steven A. (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington) | Strom, Matthew J. (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington) | Drake, Lisa A. (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington) | Bindig, Hannah (SAIC, Inc.) | First, Matthew R. (SAIC, Inc.) | Robbins-Wamsley, Stephanie H. (SAIC, Inc.) | Riley, Scott C. (SAIC, Inc.) | DeGiorgi, Virginia G. (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington) | Rayne, Roy J. (Naval Research Laboratory, Washington) | Iliopoulos, Athanasios P. (George Mason University) | Michopoulos, John (Materials Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington) | Kelly, Robert G. (University of Virginia) | Woldemedhin, Michael (University of Virginia) | Misorski, Chris (Mercury Marine)
The approach presented here demonstrates an energized system that provides cathodic protection and biofouling control that could eliminate anti-fouling hull coatings. Results from immersion panel testing of a variety of electrocatalyst materials and a small-scale Jon boat prototype – as well as experimental measurements of the electrocatalyst material efficiencies and models of oxidant concentrations – were used to design a 1/8-scale prototype installed on a 64 foot Navy research vessel based out of Panama City, Florida. The prototype design was carried out through computational modeling to solve a system of partial differential equations describing the coupling of electric current conservation and mass and electric species transport. The prototype underwent exposure testing for eight months. Regular diver surveys and system data collection monitored the system's effectiveness at maintaining the hull potential and keeping the hull free of biofouling.
- Materials (1.00)
- Transportation > Marine (0.88)
A relatively undocumented, though well-known, problem associated with the generally prevalent antifouling and fouling release underwater ship hull coatings can be termed “long-term paint degradation.” This problem can result in a fuel penalty of 25-40% on a hull that has not been fully blasted and recoated for 10-15 years. This paper examines the causes of and solutions to this problem.
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (1.00)
- Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (0.90)
- Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Pipelines, Flowlines and Risers > Materials and corrosion (0.90)