The SPE has split the former "Management & Information" technical discipline into two new technical discplines:
- Management
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics
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The SPE has split the former "Management & Information" technical discipline into two new technical discplines:
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...Acid treatment design PetroWiki Once you determine that a well is a good candidate for matrix acidizing and have select...ed appropriate acids, you are ready to design the ...treatment. Essentially, the ...
Once you determine that a well is a good candidate for matrix acidizing and have selected appropriate acids, you are ready to design the treatment. Essentially, the design process is a systematic approach to estimating and calculating injection pressure and rate, volumes, and concentrations. If acid can easily reach nearby plugging solids, small volumes of 25 to 50 gal/ft of HF-type acid can dissolve this damage; however, with more severe damage, more time and volume are needed to reach the plugging solids. Effective acid diversion reduces acid volumes needed. The recommended steps in treatment design are: * Estimate safe injection pressures: determine present fracturing gradient, determine present bottomhole fracturing pressure, and determine allowable safe injection pressure at both the wellbore (at least 200 psi below fracturing pressure) and at the surface (tubing and wellhead pressure limitations).
...well is a good candidate for matrix acidizing and have selected appropriate acids, you are ready to design the ...treatment. Essentially, the ...design process is a systematic approach to estimating and calculating injection pressure and rate, volumes...
Once you determine that a well is a good candidate for matrix acidizing and have selected appropriate acids, you are ready to design the treatment. Essentially, the design process is a systematic approach to estimating and calculating injection pressure and rate, volumes, and concentrations. If acid can easily reach nearby plugging solids, small volumes of 25 to 50 gal/ft of HF-type acid can dissolve this damage; however, with more severe damage, more time and volume are needed to reach the plugging solids. Effective acid diversion reduces acid volumes needed. Permeability and mineralogy determine the compatible concentration of HCl or acetic acid in the preflush stage and HF and HCl acid in the HF-/HCl-acid stage.
...Evaluation of acid treatments PetroWiki ...Treatment evaluation leads to problem identification and to continuously improved treatments. The prime sourc...e of information on which to build an evaluation are the acid treatment report and the pressure and rate data during injection and falloff. The tasks of execution and eval...
Treatment evaluation leads to problem identification and to continuously improved treatments. The prime source of information on which to build an evaluation are the acid treatment report and the pressure and rate data during injection and falloff. Proper execution, quality control, and record keeping are prerequisites to the task of accurate evaluation. Evaluation of unsatisfactory treatments is essential to recommending changes in chemicals and/or treating techniques and procedures that will provide the best treatment for acidizing wells in the future. The evaluation process encompasses six major areas on which to focus when assessing job performance and acid treatment success: * Injection rate and pressure.
...Acid additives PetroWiki An ...acid additive is any material blended with ...acid to modify its behavior. Because ...
In 1999, Coulter and Jennings[7] updated industry experience in the use of acids and additives. Many chemical additives are proprietary compositions, but the service company has detailed instructions for mixing and use. It also has facilities and personnel to carry out acid and additive testing for well treatment. The operating engineer's knowledge of the well and the reservoir and the service company engineer's knowledge of chemical products and treatment processes are required to recommend appropriate treatment fluids. This partnering improves the quality of acid treatments.
...Acid placement and coverage PetroWiki A leading cause of unsuccessful ...acid treatment is failure to contact all the damage with the ...acid. Fluids pumped into a formation preferentially take the path of least resistance. This makes the pl...
A leading cause of unsuccessful acid treatment is failure to contact all the damage with the acid. Fluids pumped into a formation preferentially take the path of least resistance. This makes the placement and coverage of the acid an important component of the treatment design. In a typical treatment, most acid enters the formation through the least damaged perforation tunnels, as the schematic inFigure 1 shows. When this happens, it can be readily concluded that acidizing does not work well and is expensive.
...Fracture treatment design PetroWiki The most important data for designing a fracture ...treatment are the in-situ stress profile, formation permeability, fluid-loss characteristics, total fluid vol... the target zone that will influence fracture height growth. Contents * 1 Data requirements * 2 Design procedures * 3 Fracturing fluid selection * 4 Propping-agent selection * 5 Evaluating risks in t...
The most important data for designing a fracture treatment are the in-situ stress profile, formation permeability, fluid-loss characteristics, total fluid volume pumped,propping agent type and amount, pad volume, fracture-fluid viscosity, injection rate, and formation modulus. It is very important to quantify the in-situ stress profile and the permeability profile of the zone to be stimulated, plus the layers of rock above and below the target zone that will influence fracture height growth. There is a structured method that should be followed to design, optimize, execute, evaluate, and reoptimize the fracture treatments in any reservoir. The first step is always the construction of a complete and accurate data set.Table 1 lists the sources for the data required to run fracture propagation and reservoir models. The design engineer must be capable of analyzing logs, cores, production data, and well-test data and be capable of digging through well files to obtain all the information needed to design and evaluate the well that is to be hydraulically fracture treated.
...1.2 Separation and treating" The following 33 pages are in this category, out of 33 total. A * Acid placement and coverage * ...Acid treatment design C * CHOPS sand management * Circulatability ...treatment in cementing * Controlling precipitates due to acidizing * PEH:Crude Oil Emulsions D * Demiste...
...n category "3.2.4 Acidizing" The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total. A * Acid fracturing * ...Acid placement and coverage * ...Acid treatment design * Acidizing candidates * Acidizing horizontal wells * Acidizing preparations * Acidizing safety...
...ical well. The authors provide a stimulation technique employing coiled tubing. They also provide a design strategy for calculating volumes of ...acid required and the rate of coiled-tubing withdrawal during ...acid placement. A method of optimization for completion and stimulation of horizontal wells is also pres...
Horizontal wells are special cases, which have been covered by Frick and Economides.[1] They emphasize how damage control and removal is just as important in horizontal wells as in vertical completions. Moderate damage can reduce horizontal well productivity to that below the productivity of an undamaged vertical well. The authors provide a stimulation technique employing coiled tubing. They also provide a design strategy for calculating volumes of acid required and the rate of coiled-tubing withdrawal during acid placement.
...Acid fracturing PetroWiki Designing an ...acid-fracturing ...treatment is similar to designing a fracturing ...
Designing an acid-fracturing treatment is similar to designing a fracturing treatment with apropping agent. Williams, et al.[1] presents a thorough explanation of the fundamentals concerning acid fracturing. The main difference between acid fracturing and proppant fracturing is the way fracture conductivity is created. In proppant fracturing, a propping agent is used to prop open the fracture after the treatment is completed. In acid fracturing, acid is used to "etch" channels in the rock that comprise the walls of the fracture.