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Search Petrowiki: Assemblage
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
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...and may fill a small basin. The combination of fluvial and marine processes creates a unique facies assemblage and reservoir architecture. Deltaic sediments are deposited as: * Channel fills * Channel-mouth s...
Siliciclastic (commonly referred to as clastic) rocks are composed of terrigenous material formed by the weathering of pre-existing rocks, whereas carbonate rocks are composed principally of sediment formed from seawater by organic activity. This difference effects hydrocarbon recovery and therefore is important to understand. Clastic sediments are composed of grains and clay minerals, and siliciclastic sediments are first classified according to grain type. Second, siliciclastics are described in terms of grain size (Figure 1b). Grain-size classes include: * Gravels (boulder size to 2 mm in diameter) * Sands (2 to 0.0625 mm) * Mud, which includes silts (0.0625 to 0.004 mm) and clay ( 0.004 mm) Mixtures are described with a modifying term for a less-abundant size, such as clayey sandstone, sandy siltstone, or muddy sandstone (Figure 1c).
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.94)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock (0.68)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
...nted by a thin condensed section, typically a black, organic-rich shale with a low-diversity fossil assemblage representing deepwater, sediment-starved conditions. Maximum flooding surfaces bound and define upw...
A variety of seismic sources exist that can apply vertical impulse forces to the surface of the ground. These devices are viable energy sources for onshore seismic work. Included in this source category are gravity-driven weight droppers and other devices that use explosive gases or compressed air to drive a heavy pad vertically downward. Multiple references[1][2][3] describe these types of sources. Chemical-explosive energy sources are popular for onshore seismic surveys but are prohibited at some sites because of environmental conditions, cultural restrictions, or federal and state regulations. Chemical explosives are no longer used as marine energy sources for environmental and ecological reasons. Field tests should always be made before an extensive seismic program is implemented. First, it should be determined whether the selected impulsive source creates adequate energy input to provide data with an appropriate signal-to-noise ratio and a satisfactory signal bandwidth at appropriate offset distances. Second, it is important to determine whether an impulsive source causes unwanted reverberations in shallow strata. Vibroseis energy sources are some of the more popular seismic source options for onshore hydrocarbon exploration.
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Stratigraphy (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.68)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
...nted by a thin condensed section, typically a black, organic-rich shale with a low-diversity fossil assemblage representing deepwater, sediment-starved conditions. Maximum flooding surfaces bound and define up...
Interpreting seismic data requires an understanding of the subsurface formations and how they may affect wave reception. This article discusses some of the key stratal interfaces and their implications for interpreting the data received. All instantaneous seismic attributes (amplitude, phase, frequency) can be used in interpretation. In practice, most interpreters useinstantaneous amplitude, or some variation of an amplitude attribute, as their primary diagnostic tool. Amplitude is related to reflectivity, which in turn is related to subsurface impedance contrasts.
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Stratigraphy (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.46)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Interpretation (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Surface Seismic Acquisition (0.99)
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
Introduction Hydrocarbons are formed by anaerobic decomposition of organic matter that accumulates from the deposition of plankton in deep ocean basins. Oil and gas are generated as the sediments are buried and the temperature rises. Oil is the first hydrocarbon to be generated, followed by wet gas, and lastly by dry gas. Once generated, oil and gas flow vertically and laterally through overlying sediments because of the density difference between hydrocarbons and formation water and they migrate through permeable formations until they encounter a reservoir trap in which oil and gas accumulate. Oil will fill the traps first because it is first to be generated.
- North America > United States > California (0.28)
- North America > United States > Colorado (0.28)
- North America > United States > Utah > Paradox Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Colorado > Paradox Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > California > Salinas Basin > Coalinga Field (0.99)
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- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
...nted by a thin condensed section, typically a black, organic-rich shale with a low-diversity fossil assemblage representing deepwater, sediment-starved conditions. Maximum flooding surfaces bound and define up...
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Stratigraphy (1.00)