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Search Petrowiki: Ball operated
...Glossary:Ball operated Mechanical device activated by pumping a ...ball of a certain size down the tubing in the injected or circulated fluid...
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
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...Mechanical device activated by pumping a ball of a certain size down the tubing in the injected or circulated fluid...
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
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...ler * Glossary:Balance point * Glossary:Balanced plug * Glossary:Balancing agreement * Glossary:Ball * Glossary:...Ball catcher * Glossary:...Ball diverter * Glossary:...
- Geology > Rock Type (0.33)
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...rrently used in the industry. Contents * 1 Unbalanced, single-element gas lift valves * 2 Pilot-operated gas lift valves * 3 Valve specifications including full-open stem travel * 4 Gas lift valve port ...gulator. The analogy between these two devices is apparent inFig. 1, where: (a) Injection-pressure-operated gas lift valve and backpressure regulator responds to injection-gas pressure and upstream pressure,... respectively (b) Production-pressure-(fluid)-operated gas lift valve and downstream-pressure regulator respond to flowing production pressure and downstr...
The advent of the unbalanced, single-element, bellows-charged gas lift valve revolutionized gas lift application and installation design methods. The following topic describes the various types of gas lift valves and crossover seats currently used in the industry. The unbalanced, single-element gas lift valve is essentially an unbalanced pressure regulator. The closing force for a gas lift valve can be a gas pressure charge in the bellows exerted over the effective bellows area or a spring force, or a combination of both. The closing force for the regulator or gas lift valve can be adjusted to maintain a desired backpressure for injection-pressure operation. The regulator or valve remains closed until this set closing force is exceeded. Generally, the major initial opening force for a gas lift valve is the pressure exerted over the effective bellows area minus the port area, and the lesser opening force is the pressure acting over the port area. In like manner, the major opening pressure for a pressure regulator is applied over an area equal to the diaphragm area minus the port area.
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...Checks * 6 Gas Lift Valve Mechanics * 6.1 Unbalanced, Single-Element Gas Lift Valves * 6.2 Pilot-Operated Gas Lift Valves * 6.3 Valve Specifications Including Full-Open Stem Travel * 6.4 Gas Lift Valve P...ing the Daily Production Rate From Continuous-Flow Installations * 12.4 Adjustment of a Time-Cycle-Operated Controller for Intermittent-Flow Operations * 13 Gas Lift for Unusual Environments * 13.1 Offshor...ves and numerous types of unique devices used for gas lifting wells. These devices, or valves, were operated by rotating or vertically moving the tubing and by means of a sinker bar on a wireline. * Fig. ...
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... the operating injection-gas pressure between valves. Closing or reopening of an injection-pressure-operated gas lift valve is partially controlled by the production-pressure effect, which is equal to the pro...on design The application of the injection-gas rate throughput performance for injection-pressure-operated gas lift valves is illustrated in the high daily liquid rate continuous-flow installation design. T...this computer model, the gas lift valve has a square sharp-edged seat and the stem tip is a carbide ball with a 1/16-in. larger outside diameter (OD) than the bore ID of the valve seat. The equivalent por...
The two gas lift installation design methods given in this page can be classified as: * The decreasing injection-gas pressure design in API[1] * A variation of the decreasing injection-gas pressure design that considers valve performance at each station.[2] Valves with small production-pressure factors, Fp, are recommended for the decreasing injection-gas pressure installation design method. Valves with a smallFp (under 0.2) are sensitive primarily to a change in the injection-gas pressure. A decrease in the surface operating injection-gas pressure for each lower gas lift valve is essential to ensure the closure of upper unloading valves after gas injection has been established through a lower operating valve. This design is particularly applicable when the available injection-gas pressure is high relative to the required depth of lift and an additional incremental decrease in injection-gas pressure can be added between valves. If gas lift valves with large ports are required to pass sufficient gas rates for unloading and lifting a well, the design that incorporates valve performance should be used. Generally, if the operating valve is not near the packer, the calculated point of gas injection will be bracketed by installing at least one valve below the calculated operating valve depth in the event there is a slight error in the well information or a change in well conditions. This installation design method (following API) is based on all gas lift valves having the same port size and a constant decrease in the operating injection-gas pressure for each succeeding lower gas lift valve. The gas lift valve selection must be based on a port size that allows the injection-gas throughput required for unloading and gas lifting the well. This installation design method is recommended for gas lift valves with a small production-pressure factor. When the ratio of the port area to the bellows area is low, the decrease in the injection-gas pressure between gas lift valves, based on the additional tubing-effect pressure for the top valve, is not excessive.
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...stage cementing tools * 4.1 Types of multiple-stage cementing tools * 4.2 Tool damage * 4.3 Plug-operated stage cementing * 4.4 Hydraulically open stage cementing tool * 4.5 Two-stage cementing * 5 Casi...ribution of the slurry around the shoe. The combination guide or float shoe usually incorporates a ball or spring-loaded backpressure valve. The outside body is made of steel of the same strength as that...to pass through the tube. After the casing has been landed at the desired depth, a weighted plastic ball is dropped in the casing to shear out the orifice tube and allow the flapper valve to close. The in...
Floating equipment, cementing plugs, stage tools, centralizers, and scratchers are mechanical devices commonly used in running pipe and in placing cement around casing. Modified or float shoe * 1.1.3 Differential-fill-up and automatic-fill-up float collars and float shoes * 2 Plug containers * 3 Cementing plugs * 3.1 Nonrotating cement plugs * 4 Multiple-stage cementing tools * 4.1 Types of multiple-stage cementing tools * 4.2 Tool damage * 4.3 Plug-operated stage cementing * 4.4 Hydraulically open stage cementing tool * 4.5 Two-stage cementing * 5 Casing centralizers * 5.1 Types of centralizers * 5.1.1 Rigid-type centralizer * 5.2 Pipe standoff * 5.3 Restraining devices (collar or stop collars) * 5.4 Fastening devices for casing attachments * 5.5 Placement of centralizers * 5.6 Design of centralizers * 5.6.1 Starting force * 5.6.2 Reciprocating scratcher * 7 Special equipment * 7.1 Mud-diverters * 7.2 Bridge plugs * 7.2.1 Cement baskets and external packers * 8 Pumping equipment * 8.1 Implementation of the cement pumping unit * 8.2 Cementing units * 8.3 Cementing pumps * 8.4 Estimating the required number of pumping units * 9 Cement mixing * 10 References * 11 See also * 12 Noteworthy papers in OnePetro * 13 External links The simplest guide shoe is an open-end collar, with or without a molded nose. It is run on the first joint of casing and simply guides the casing past irregularities in the hole. Circulation is established down the casing and out the open end of the guide shoe or through side ports designed to create more agitation as the cement slurry is circulated up the annulus. If the casing rests on bottom or is plugged with cuttings, circulation can be achieved through the side ports. A modified guide or float shoe with side ports may aid in running the casing into a hole where obstructions are anticipated. This tool has side ports above, and a smaller opening through, the rounded nose. The smaller opening ensures that approximately 60% of the fluid is pumped through the existing side ports. These ports help wash away obstructions that may be encountered and also aid in getting the casing to bottom, if some of the cuttings have settled in the bottom of the hole. The jetting action of the side-port tool types aids in removing the cuttings and helps provide a cleaner wellbore with increased turbulence during circulation and cementing.
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations > Running and setting casing (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Casing and Cementing (1.00)
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...ves and numerous types of unique devices used for gas lifting wells. These devices, or valves, were operated by rotating or vertically moving the tubing and by means of a sinker bar on a wireline. * Fig. 3-...s lift valve consists of a bellows and dome assembly, a stem with a tip that generally is a carbide ball, and a metal seat housed in a valve body that is attached to a mandrel in the tubing string. This i...ndition can sometimes be eliminated by replacing the orifice-check valve with an injection-pressure-operated gas lift valve. This allows the pressure drop to be taken across the operating gas lift valve at de...
Downhole gas lift equipment consists mainly of the gas lift valves and the mandrels in which the valves are placed. The compressor horsepower requirements are considered in analyzing the gas lift system design. Please look at the page ofgas lift equipment and facilities for more details. The early gas lift valves were the conventional tubing-retrievable type, in which the tubing mandrel that held the gas lift valve and reverse check valve was part of the tubing string. It was necessary to pull the tubing to replace a conventional gas lift valve.
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...erval is treated, stages can be isolated with: * Bridge plugs * Frac baffles * Sand plugs or * Ball sealers Limited-entry fracture stimulations may be appropriate if there are several coal zones dis...can be used. When water is used, the volumes and rates are similar to those of a slickwater design. Ball sealers are recommended to ensure effective zonal treatment. Proppantless stimulations are attracti... pressure breakover point is observed, the well is rapidly opened at the surface with hydraulically operated valves. This causes a high-rate depressurization accompanied by a surge of water, gas, and coal rub...
The process of drilling and completing coalbed methane (CBM) wells is similar to wells in conventional reservoirs. Coring, however, can pose special challenges. The first step in creating a drilling program for a CBM well involves gathering information about existing wells in a given area. After these data are gathered and analyzed, a preliminary drilling and completion prognosis can be drafted with the input of field operations personnel. An important aspect in drilling frontier or appraisal wells is to keep the drilling procedures relatively simple.
- North America > United States > Wyoming > Powder River Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > West Virginia > Appalachian Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Virginia > Appalachian Basin (0.99)
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...pes of pressure-relief valves are conventional spring loaded, balanced spring loaded, and the pilot operated. * Conventional spring loaded. In the conventional spring-loaded valve (Fig. 1), the bonnet, sprin...re. These valves can be used in corrosive or dirty service and with variable backpressure. * Pilot operated. The pilot-...operated valve is combined with and controlled by an auxiliary pressure pilot. The resistance force on the p...
A relief system is an emergency system for discharging gas during abnormal conditions, by manual or controlled means or by an automatic pressure relief valve from a pressurized vessel or piping system, to the atmosphere to relieve pressures in excess of the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP). Multiple relief valves * 3.5 Sizing the relief device * 3.5.1 Blocked discharge * 3.5.2 Fire or thermal expansion * 3.6 Installation considerations * 3.7 Inlet piping * 3.8 Discharge piping * 3.9 Reactive forces * 3.10 Tailpipe considerations * 3.11 Rapid cycling * 3.12 Resonant chatter * 3.13 Isolation (block) valves * 3.14 Relief valve configurations * 3.15 Guidelines for determining the number of relief devices * 3.16 Liquid discharge considerations * 4 References * 5 Noteworthy papers in OnePetro * 6 External links * 7 See also * 8 Category A scrubbing vessel should be provided for liquid separation if liquid hydrocarbons are anticipated. The relief-system outlet may be either vented or flared. If designed properly, vent or flare emergency-relief systems from pressure vessels may be combined. Some facilities include systems for depressuring pressure vessels in the event of an emergency shutdown. The depressuring-system control valves may be arranged to discharge into the vent, flare, or relief systems. The possibility of freezing and hydrate formation during high-pressure releases to the atmosphere should be considered.
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety (0.69)
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- Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Natural Gas Conversion and Storage > Liquified natural gas (LNG) (0.34)
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