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Search Petrowiki: Macaroni string
...Glossary:Macaroni string A small diameter ...string, usually attached to the outside of the tubing, used to place inhibitors and other chemicals downho...
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...A small diameter string, usually attached to the outside of the tubing, used to place inhibitors and other chemicals downho...
- Information Technology > Knowledge Management (0.40)
- Information Technology > Communications > Collaboration (0.40)
...gory, out of 235 total. (previous page) (next page) M * Glossary:M * Glossary:MAASP * Glossary:Macaroni string * Glossary:Macronutrient * Glossary:MAE * Glossary:Magma * Glossary:Magnetic basement * Glossa...
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...ific environment and materials. Continuous injection is done, if the well completion allows for a "macaroni string" reaching to the perforations. This technique often includes a simple-to-complicated valving system...
Corrosion of metal in the presence of water is a common problem across many industries. The fact that most oil and gas production includes co-produced water makes corrosion a pervasive issue across the industry. Corrosion control in oil and gas production is reviewed in depth in Treseder and Tuttle,[1] Brondel, et al.,[2] and NACE,[3] from which some of the following material is abstracted. Iron is inherently (thermodynamically) sufficiently active to react spontaneously with water (corrosion), generating soluble iron ions and hydrogen gas. The utility of iron alloys depends on minimizing the corrosion rate. Corrosion of steel is an "electrochemical process," involving the transfer of electrons from iron atoms in the metal to hydrogen ions or oxygen in water. This separation of the overall corrosion process into two reactions is not an electrochemical nuance; these processes generally do take place at separate locations on the same piece of metal. This separation requires the presence of a medium to complete the electrical circuit between anode (site of iron dissolution) and cathode (site for corrodant reduction). Electrons travel in the metal phase, but the ions involved in the corrosion process cannot. Ions require the presence of water; hence, corrosion requires the presence of water. This overall process is shown schematically inFigure 1.[3]
- Materials > Metals & Mining (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Central North Sea > Central Graben > Block 23/26 > Erskine Field (0.99)
- North America > United States > Alabama > Mobile Bay Field (0.98)
- Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Improved and Enhanced Recovery (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations > Production Chemistry, Metallurgy and Biology > Corrosion inhibition and management (including H2S and CO2) (1.00)
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...to break off the thin brittle scale from pipes was explosives: a strand or two of detonation cord ("string shot") placed with an electronic detonation cap at the appropriate location in the wellbore, most e...in the tubular has been done by a number of means: * Continuous injection into the wellbore via a "macaroni string" (a narrow-diameter tubing reaching to the perforations) * Injection into a gas lift system[14] *...
Wells producing water are likely to develop deposits of inorganic scales. Scales can and do coat perforations, casing, production tubulars, valves, pumps, and downhole completion equipment, such as safety equipment and gas lift mandrels. If allowed to proceed, this scaling will limit production, eventually requiring abandonment of the well. Technology is available for removing scale from tubing, flowline, valving, and surface equipment, restoring at least some of the lost production level. Technology also exists for preventing the occurrence or reoccurrence of the scale, at least on a temporary basis. "Temporary" is generally 3 to 12 months per treatment with conventional inhibitor "squeeze" technology, increasing to 24 or 48 months with combined fracture/inhibition methods. As brine, oil, and/or gas proceed from the formation to the surface, pressure and temperature change and certain dissolved salts can precipitate. If a brine is injected into the formation to maintain pressure and sweep the oil to the producing wells, there will eventually be a commingling with the formation water. Many of these scaling processes can and do occur simultaneously. Scales tend to be mixtures.
- North America > United States > Texas (0.69)
- Europe > United Kingdom > North Sea > Central North Sea (0.46)
- Water & Waste Management > Water Management > Constituents > Salts/Sulphates/Scales (1.00)
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- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Wolfcamp Formation (0.99)
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...in the oil before asphaltene precipitation has taken place. In completion systems where capillary ("macaroni") tubing already exists, a continuous injection of an inhibitor can be used. Continuous injection o...
Oil, gas, water, steel, and rock are not always chemically inert under oil/gas production conditions. Their mutual interactions, induced in part by changes in pressure and temperature, can lead to the accumulation of solids, both organic and inorganic (scaling) within the production system, as well as deterioration of the metals that the fluids contact (corrosion). This chapter discusses these effects in terms of root causes, the operational difficulties resulting, and the principles/methods that have been used to cope. Case histories are not presented in any detail, but references are given to specific papers dealing with cause/effect/cure examples. It is assumed that the reader is not an expert in things chemical but does have a passing acquaintance with the jargon of chemistry and with some of the general principles underlying chemical processes. "Well production problems" are taken as starting when fluids enter the wellbore and end when fluids reach the storage/treatment facilities. Problems arising from adverse chemistry, occurring in the formation, are discussed elsewhere in the literature. The disposal of toxic coproduction [e.g., H2S, Hg, and naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM)] is mentioned briefly in this chapter and is discussed in the chapter on facilities in the Facilities and Construction Engineering section of thisHandbook. This chapter also does not treat the flow engineering problems, multiple-phase production problems, and the in-situ measurement/control problems attendant to producing hydrocarbons.
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- North America > United States > Texas (0.68)
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- Geology > Mineral > Sulfate (0.69)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline (0.67)
- Geology > Mineral > Sulfide (0.47)
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- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Petrochemicals (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Water & Waste Management > Water Management > Constituents > Salts/Sulphates/Scales (0.94)
- South America > Venezuela > Eastern Venezuela Basin > Furrial Field (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
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