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Results
The two dispersion Conclusions characteristics are clearly distinguished in Figure 4b. The BarrodaleiErikson maximum entropy processor can be The second trace in Figure 3 is taken from a time section recorded used in a moving window dispersion analyzer if the signal-tonoise by Hatherly and Holt in a coal seam at Liddell colliery in ratio and the sample rate are both high enough. The dominant arrival is a shear horizontal enhancement can be used to characterize modes which would mode. The results of Fourier and maximum entropy moving window otherwise be indistinguishable in group velocity-frequency space. Maximum entropy analyzers suffer from a slight processing Contours in the former map faithfully represent its evolutionary speed disadvantage, compared to Fourier moving window analyzers.
- Materials > Metals & Mining > Coal (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
A test survey was recently performed in the Canadian Arctic. The location of the survey corresponds to the location of survey lines along which reflection seismic data are presently being acquired. Rozenberg, J. Henderson, and J. C. MacDonald, Geo-The transient survey was carried out using a Geonics EM37 Phyi-Con Co. Ltd., Canada Measurements were performed using two concentric A geophysical test survey was performed in the Canadian Arctic transmitter loops: 500 m by 500 m and 200 m by 200 m to map the lateral and vertical distribution of permafrost using in size. The use of two transmitter loop sizes allowed for an transient electromagnetic induction (TEM) techniques. The 10 000 m2 were used and enabled reliable measurement of the reflection seismic data are to be processed in a conventional manner transient decay in the time range used.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.54)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.44)
These methods are unique in that data are gathered in a polator to field records. Noise is found to capture the ME spectrum four-fold, common-depth-point mode. Digital recording of the if the input signal-to-noise ratio falls much below 10 dB. Experience to date indicates that excellent characteristic parameter estimation. Data acquisition and processing Introduction are greatly facilitated as the depth to coal increases.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.48)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling (0.41)
- Materials > Metals & Mining > Coal (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
Because this method neglects refraction, dip estimates are smaller than the true dips.
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Near-well and vertical seismic profiles (1.00)
The cost of geophysical surveying is relatively low compared Geo-Physi-Con Co. Ltd., Canada In the past most shallow oil sand lease evaluations were based It was found that drilling performed on a preplanned grid does upon the results of drill holes and the accompanying geologic not always yield representative information. This is due to the interpolation of subsurface conditions between drill holes. Geophysical geophysical surveys can provide a more detailed interpolation data can suggest optimal locations for drill holes. Often of subsurface conditions between drill holes and are suitable the number of drill holes can be reduced from that necessary to for locating drill holes in future exploration programs. Experience complete an arbitrary grid pattern.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (0.32)
- Geophysics > Electromagnetic Surveying (0.31)
- Materials > Metals & Mining (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- North America > Canada > Alberta > Athabasca Oil Sands > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin > McMurray Formation (0.99)
- North America > Canada > Alberta > Western Canada Sedimentary Basin > Alberta Basin > Clearwater Formation (0.94)
- North America > Canada > Saskatchewan > Athabasca Basin (0.89)
- North America > Canada > Alberta > Athabasca Basin (0.89)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Oil sand, oil shale, bitumen (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Unconventional Production Facilities > Oil sand/shale/bitumen (1.00)
This imaging principle was applied to the processed VSPs. These depth migrations were F-K filtered to remove ambiguous dips and then summed to obtain the summed migrated depth sections shown in Figure 6. Moreover, models of the VSP salt reflection provided good agreement with the actual reflection. The results of the depth migration of the field data indicated that the salt interface was more gently sloping and much closer to the well than originally anticipated. The limited recording aperture and source positioning minimized the amount of the salt interface which could be mapped.
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Near-well and vertical seismic profiles (1.00)
The transient EM surveys consisted of central induction loop soundings using a large square transmitter loop. The success of this experiment would mean that been carried out at several locations in southern Ontario to evaluate maps of subsurface sedimentary rocks could be compiled with the possibility of mapping gently dipping sedimentary formations greater detail by supplementing sparsely spaced drillhole data by electromagnetic techniques, Results from two different with EM depth sounding information. To evaluate the validity areas are reported in this paper. The first area was chosen and practicality of the method, soundings were carried out near around the village of Copetown, about 75 km southwest of Toronto. The in most cases, it was difficult to carry out the soundings very interpreted depths of the conductive water-saturated sediments close to the drillholes because of the presence of high-tension and shales underlying the resistive till ranged from 50 to 200 m power lines, telephone lines, or similar sources of cultural noise, which agreed well with both the shallow seismic reflection data For this reason, some discrepancy might appear between drillhole gathered earlier and drillhole information.
- Phanerozoic > Paleozoic > Silurian (0.51)
- Phanerozoic > Paleozoic > Ordovician (0.33)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Electromagnetic Surveying (0.96)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (0.71)
This role can easily be extended if the source position 7800 is offset from the well or if the dip of the reflectors is large. The following study is a case history where the flank of a salt dome was mapped by a VSP survey. Then a depth migration was applied to the synthetic data to demonstrate that the salt reflection could indeed be mapped. After the data were acquired and processed, seismic tomography and iterative modeling were used in the third phase to obtain an interval velocity model which could be used in migration. Geologic model A. of the project applied the depth migration to the processed VSP to obtain a depth image of the salt dome flank.
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Near-well and vertical seismic profiles (1.00)
The receiver digitizes Japanese ground contains a great many archaeological remnants incoming signals and uses digital signal averaging to improve the from the Stone Age, which provide a valuable key to understanding signal-to-noise ratio. Data are stored on a digital magnetic cassette Japan's history and culture. These include kitchen tape recorder and can be displayed using a thermal plotter midden, dwellings, burial mounds, and castle remains.
- North America > Canada (0.29)
- Asia > Japan (0.25)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Materials > Metals & Mining > Coal (0.95)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management (0.95)
A particular simplification is the Dix equation but even this method is laborious and requires digital evaluation when there are many layers. In areas where the geology is more complicated, it is sometimes difficult to calculate moveout due to insufficient information about the direction of the velocity gradient.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (1.00)