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Results
Drilling with 3d Geomechanical Modeling - Efficient Simulation Method
Al-Hamad, Hamad (Kuwait Oil Company) | Sarah, AlSamhan (Kuwait Oil Company) | Al-Naqi, Meqdad (Kuwait Oil Company) | Sajer, Abdulaziz (Kuwait Oil Company) | Hussein, Assef (Schlumberger) | Ni, Qinglai (Schlumberger) | Kumar, Surej (Schlumberger)
Abstract As a field development strategy, KOC is developing highly depleted reservoir. The field has been experiencing wellbore instability issues. Some recent wells have encountered stuck pipe and mud losses in clastic and carbonate sections. To reduce geomechanical related Non-Productive Time and rig days, it is important that combined effect of in-situ stress state and well trajectory on wellbore stability should be thoroughly investigated. Rock mechanical behaviours also need to be evaluated to optimize drilling practice. The growing appreciation of the effects of regional tectonics is making it crucial to move away from simplified characterisation of rock behaviour and to turn into advanced geomechanical modelling techniques to engineer better wells and fields. The advanced 3D coupled Geomechanical-Fluid-Flow modelling method combines input data of different origin, such as seismic data, petrophysical data, fluid-flow data and well logs. With such an integrated model, spatial variations of the in-situ stresses in the field are obtained due to reservoir structure, presence of discontinuities as we as because of reservoir depletion. The whole production history spanning seventy years was simulated. The 3D coupled geomechanical model was able to reproduce the observed wellbore instability events for fifteen wells drilled at different times and various reservoir depletion stages. Drilling instability events included tight spots, cavings and stuck pipe in major clastic sections; and mud losses in carbonate sections. Two blind tests for wells not used for model calibration were carried out to examine the mechanical properties, stress profiles and caliper logs within various formations. The match between the model prediction and the data was in good agreement. In addition, a 3D description of the mud weight was computed, which allowed to obtain drilling maps across the field highlighting zones of high, medium and low drilling risks. Such drilling maps enabled optimizing placement of future planned wells and provide guidance in mud weight design. Nevertheless, drilling through faults requires careful attention due to the localized stresses concentration developing along their geometries. High resolution near wellbore stability analysis helped to optimize the drilling mud weight for wells crossing faults. The powerful combination of multidisciplinary domains into one integrated 3D geomechanical model improved the understanding of subsurface behaviour. With such an integrated model, complex technical challenges as drilling complexities in the study field can be achieved and hence decreases the Non-Production Time by avoiding problems prior to their occurrence. The calibrated model showed satisfactory predictability for the whole production period and thus is used as a mitigate problem measure to placement of new planned wells.
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait (0.31)
- Asia > Middle East > Oman (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.88)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Jahra Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Abdalli Field (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Kuwait > Ahmadi Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ratawi Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Iraq > Basra Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Mesopotamian Basin > Zubair Field > Zubair Formation (0.95)
- (9 more...)
- Well Drilling > Wellbore Design > Wellbore integrity (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (1.00)
Empirical Correlations to Correct Elastic Properties From Dynamic to Static With a Case Study From Southern Iraq
Al-Hameedi, A. T. (Missouri University of Science and Technology / American University of Ras Al Khaimah) | Alkinani, H. H. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Dunn-Norman, S. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Al-Alwani, M. A. (Missouri University of Science and Technology) | Aldin, M. (MetaRock Laboratories) | Abdulbaki, O. (MetaRock Laboratories) | Gokaraju, D. (MetaRock Laboratories)
Abstract This paper aims to create empirical correlations to correct dynamic elastic properties to static properties, which in turn will assist in building a rigorous geomechanical model and attaining wellbore stability in the Yamama formation, Ratawi field, southern Iraq. Real core plugs (2-inch diameter and 4-inch length) to meet the lab standards requirements, were obtained from the Yamama formation to implement tests such as single triaxial tests and acoustic measurements. The static rock properties were obtained based on the laboratory measurements for the axial stress, axial strain, radial strain, volume strain, and confining pressure; while the dynamic rock properties were measured based on ultrasonic laboratory readings for compressional wave velocity (Vp) and shear wave velocity (Vs) as well as lab-measured bulk density. The acquired data revealed that the relationship between static and dynamic Young's modulus (Es and ED) is exponential with an R of 0.92 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.42; while the relationship between static and dynamic Poisson's ratio (vs and vD) is a second degree polynomial with an R of 0.99 and RMSE of 0.0022. Moreover, the relationship between static and dynamic bulk modulus (Ks and KD) is exponential with an R of 0.987 and an RMSE of 0.028. The findings elucidated that the proposed empirical correlations have a decent precision. Nevertheless, the reliability of the proposed correlations is subjected to statistics and locality. To sum it, this study revealed promising findings of the utilization of the proposed correlations to create geomechanical models for the Yamama formation, southern Iraq to be used in many applications related to rock mechanics. Introduction A cost-effective approach is key in estimating the properties of rock strength in order to invest them in many applications related to rock geomechanics. Examples of these applications are the design of the safe mud weight window, hydraulic fracturing design, reservoir characterization, and sand control (Davarpanah et al., 2020; Kidambi & Kumar, 2016; Sulaimon & Teng, 2020; Wang & Sharma, 2017; Zeynali, 2012; Zoback et al., 2003). "The rock mechanical properties can be divided into elastic mechanical properties (Young modulus (E), shear modulus (G), bulk modulus (K), and Poisson's ratio (v)) and rock strength parameters (unconfined compressive strength (UCS), cohesive strength (So), and internal friction angle (ϕ))" (Abbas et al., 2018). The most efficient and precise approach to estimate rock mechanical properties (i.e., rock strength parameters and elastic mechanical properties) is the laboratory tests utilizing core plugs. However, this lab approach is normally associated with limitations and obstacles such as the cost, time-consuming, challenges of obtaining core samples, especially in overburden formations. Therefore, the approach of the geophysics logs (e.g. sonic, gamma-ray, and porosity logs) has alternatively been utilized in obtaining mechanical properties of rock in order to reduce the expenses and time as well as avoiding other limitations (Fjær et al., 2008; Zoback, 2007). It is crucial to distinguish between the dynamic and static approaches; where static properties of rocks point out to the elastic stiffness predicted from rock samples while dynamic properties of rocks indicate the elastic stiffness predicted from wireline measurement and logging while drilling (LWD).
- Asia > Middle East > Iraq > Basra Governorate (1.00)
- North America > United States > Texas > Harris County > Houston (0.28)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.34)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Lower Fadhili Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff D Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff C Formation (0.99)
- (9 more...)
- Well Drilling > Wellbore Design > Wellbore integrity (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (1.00)