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Collaborating Authors
North West Shelf
Developing a Predictor for Degradation of High Strength Corrodible Tripping Balls used in Multi-Zone Fracturing Treatments in Unconventional Hydrocarbon Reservoirs
Carrejo, Nick (Baker Hughes Inc.) | Mathur, Vipul (Baker Hughes Inc.) | Mazyar, Oleg A. (Baker Hughes Inc.) | Gaudette, Sean (Baker Hughes Inc.)
Abstract Multi-point hydraulic fracturing in unconventional hydrocarbon-bearing shale reservoirs has proven to greatly enhance production economics. Recent technology has allowed for as many as 40 individual fracture points. Tripping balls are a major component of these multi-point fracturing systems and are used to actuate fracturing sleeves to pinpoint fracture initiation and placement. While seated on ball seats, the tripping balls may experience pressures approaching 10,000psi. However, following a successful formation fracture, the tripping balls may hinder production. Potential problems relate to the tripping balls becoming stuck on the fracturing seats. Tripping balls remaining in the lateral can also lead to problems if wellbore re-entry is required. These production risks can lead to significantly increased costs and potential lost production. A new, high-strength corrodible material has been developed for tripping balls to alleviate potential problems in these unconventional reservoirs. This material has yielded an interventionless means of flow assurance. The mechanical properties and degradation rates of these newly engineered materials have been investigated to determine the downhole characteristics. The characterization results of these materials are discussed in an effort to develop a method for accurately predicting the timeframe in which these high-strength corrodible tripping balls fully degrade, and thus eliminate possible production risks. The testing included investigations of the degradation rates of these materials in brines, and at various temperatures. Materials were also pressure tested on multiple ball seat configurations used in the multi-zone fracturing systems1.
- North America > Mexico (0.28)
- North America > Canada (0.28)
Abstract Microfrac or fall off injection test is a technique used to accurately measure minimum horizontal stress directly in the formation. However, other than being expensive and time consuming, this test does not give a continuous minimum horizontal stress profile. Continuous minimum horizontal stress profile is especially important for hydraulic fracturing design for the tight Montney formation. This study utilizes logging data and core reports to generate the minimum horizontal stress profile for two Montney wells in North East British Columbia. Specific value of tectonic stress determined from injection fall off analysis is also included in the calculation. The first method, conventional method, calculates minimum horizontal stress by solving linear poroelasticity equations with vertical stress equal to the overburden. Closure pressure from fall-off injection test is used as a calibration point to acquire tectonic stress. The second method incorporates the tectonic, thermal effect and rock mechanical properties at each incremental depth to generate the minimum horizontal stress. The third method, vertical transverse isotropy (VTI), is conducted assuming different rock properties on the vertical and horizontal direction and also different tectonic strain for the maximum and minimum direction. The conventional method yields the lowest minimum horizontal stress magnitude without any distinctive characteristic. On several zones, the VTI method shows higher stress magnitude above Montney and reveals some good zone containment for hydraulic fracturing design, which the conventional method does not provide. From the injection fall off analysis, a second closure pressure with lower value than the first closure is believed to represent the overburden stress. It is concluded that this area has a thrust fault regime in which overburden stress is the least principle stress.
- North America > Canada > British Columbia (1.00)
- North America > Canada > Alberta (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics > Earthquake (0.79)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.48)
- North America > United States > Texas > Travis Peak Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Mississippi > Travis Peak Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Louisiana > Travis Peak Formation (0.99)
- (7 more...)
ABSTRACT In this article, the Editor of provides an overview of all technical articles in this issue of the journal.
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (1.00)
- Geophysics > Electromagnetic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Oceania > Australia > Western Australia > North West Shelf > Carnarvon Basin > Exmouth Plateau > WA-1-R > Scarborough Field (0.99)
- North America > Canada > Saskatchewan > Williston Basin > Weyburn Field > Mission Canyon Formation (0.99)
- North America > Canada > Saskatchewan > Williston Basin > Weyburn Field > Madison Formation (0.99)
- (3 more...)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Exploration, development, structural geology (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Artificial intelligence (1.00)