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Improved and Enhanced Recovery
Secondary recovery techniques increase the reservoir's pressure by water injection, natural gas reinjection and gas lift, which injects air, carbon dioxide or some other gas into the bottom of an active well, reducing the overall density of fluid in the wellbore. The typical recovery factor from water-flood operations is about 30%, depending on the properties of the oil and the characteristics of the reservoir rock. On average, the recovery factor after primary and secondary oil recovery operations is between 35 and 45%. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is the technique or process where the physicochemical (physical and chemical) properties of the rock are changed to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbon. The properties of the reservoir fluid system which are affected by EOR process are chemical, biochemical, density, miscibility, interfacial tension (IFT)/surface tension (ST), viscosity and thermal. EOR can extract 30% to 60% or more of a reservoir's oil. Sources: Wikipedia - Secondary Recovery, PetroWiki, Wikipedia - Enhanced Oil Recovery.