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ABSTRACT: We applied the Triple I to inclusive environmental impact assessment of oil tankers. As a result, we found that double-hull tanker is a more beneficial system than single-hull tanker. Moreover we examined whether the Triple I can be used for the cost benefit assessment which combined safety FSA and environmental FSA. As a result, Triple I is effective as the index which combined safety FSA and environmental FSA.
INTRODUCTION Accidents of oil tankers cause the serious damage to marine environment as well as fatalities once the accident occurs. Well-known accidents of oil tankers, such as the Exxon Valdez, Nakhodka, Prestige, and so on, caused extensive damage to marine environment. From such a background, various safety measures precautions including a double hull have been taken, however, we cannot remove worries about the safety of oil tankers. The IMO has now decided to focus on incorporating the risks associated with oil pollution into the FSA process as a first step to incorporate all environmental risks (e.g. oil spill, CO2, NOx, and SOx) into FSA. It is expected that the IMO will finally consider an inclusive index which can be used to evaluate cost effectiveness of Risk Control Options (RCOs) which can reduce both fatality and environmental risks. If its index is developed, the rule making process of the IMO will become more rational. On the other hand, the Triple I, an index to assess fairly and inclusively the impact on the ocean environment on a global scale, was proposed by the Inclusive Marine Pressure Assessment and Classification Technology (IMPACT) Committee of the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers to carry out a holistic impact assessment. By using this index, we can objectively discuss the societal importance of the maritime industry from both environmental and economical viewpoints.
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