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Advanced High Frequency In-Bit Vibration Measurement Including Independent, Spatially Separated Sensors for Proper Resolution of Vibration Components Including Lateral, Radial, and Tangential Acceleration
Townsend, Todd (Baker Hughes) | Moss, Will (Baker Hughes) | Heinisch, Dennis (Baker Hughes) | Evans, Kenneth (Baker Hughes) | Schandorf, Cecil (Baker Hughes)
Abstract Vibration measurement has become ubiquitous in drilling. Focus of drilling enhancement has expanded from traditional lateral and stick slip assessment to include torsional oscillations on motors, and high-frequency torsional oscillations (HFTO). Recent publications have highlighted the importance of these higher frequency measurements to analyze drilling dynamics and diagnose dysfunctions which can cause tool failures. A new vibration recorder will be presented which is capable of sampling at 2 kHz and higher to analyze non-linear transient dysfunctions. Most in-bit vibration measurement options utilize a single unsynchronized triaxial accelerometer and low speed gyro. This design practice inherits specific challenges to the measurement and prevents the ability to decouple lateral from angular acceleration. Use of two sets of symmetrically placed (180 degree opposing) accelerometers has been in practice, but design constraints limit this approach to larger bits. Utilization of a new, outer diameter (OD) mounted vibration recorder for slim hole bits/BHAs with multiple spatially separated triaxial accelerometers, and a high-speed precision gyro will be described and evaluated with a comparison to other commercially available options. Downhole vibration recorders have existed for over 20 years providing conventional drilling dynamics evaluation. These devices suffered from hardware limitations which constrained the customer to spaced out snapshots of time rather than continuous observation and required separate research modules to cover high frequency needs. This paper presents case studies utilizing a new vibration recorder which can cover these two customer needs in one device. Drilling Engineers desire a rapid turnaround macro view of synchronized downhole and surface data for offset well parameter optimization while research engineers desire a micro view with kilohertz range sample rate for a comprehensive understanding of all possible dysfunctions including HFTO, and high frequency shock, along with the capacity to research geology prediction techniques including fracture identification. Use of an advanced cloud-based software suite will be illustrated for a rapid high-level view of the full run with benchmarking capability of offset wells. Case study observations include stick slip identification covering 0 to above 600 rpm using a single gyroscope, and HFTO identification with accurate decoupling of tangential acceleration vs radial and lateral. Having the ability to satisfy both objectives with one device is new to the industry and presents a step change in capability. A new, advanced vibration recorder is detailed which includes synchronized, spatially separated triaxial accelerometers, a triaxial shock sensor, a highspeed triaxial gyroscope, and temperature sensors. With 5 gigabytes of high temperature flash memory, more than 2 kHz sample rate for burst data and 1s period for downhole processed data, logged downhole recordings can cover greater than 200 hrs of drilling and may be available for analysis within minutes from drilling completion.
- Europe > Netherlands (0.29)
- North America > United States (0.28)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Operations (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drillstring Design > Drillstring dynamics (0.88)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Benchmarking and performance indicators (0.69)
- (2 more...)
Abstract The American Petroleum Institute (API) and the U.S. oil and natural gas industry have long been committed to protecting the health and safety of our workers, contractors and neighbors. For more the 75 years, API has led the development of industry standards, sharing lessons learned as well as the establishment of training and certification programs. In recent years, despite safety improvements by the refining industry, incidents have increased attention on process safety by industry, governments, non-government organizations (NGOs), and the media. Recognizing these concerns, API and our memebrs are working collectively to improve or develop new programs improve process safety performance. As part of the industry's ongoing commitment, API, in collaboration with industry partners, has developed a Process Safety Site Assessment Program (PSSAP®), an assessment program focused on evaluating higher risk activities in a refining, petrochemical, or chemical facility. This program is intended to: Promote process safety performance improvement industry wide; Promote learnings from industry practices; Provide benchmarking through the consistent use of industry-developed good practice protocols; Serve as a feedback mechanism for an analysis of industry performance; and, Encourage safety collaboration among participating sites and industry experts. PSSAP benchmarking, a key aspect of the program, allows sites to judge their performance against that of their peers in a blinded fashion. In addition to this benchmarking, the consistent use of our good-practice protocols enables API to analyze where companies may still be working to improve. Taking that information, API has implemented other programs to assist industry in those areas. Further, it has allowed API to quantify PSSAP protocol scoring improvements across the industry, seeing positive momentum in benchmarking scoring across the life of the program. PSSAP® is also a primary resource to support API Energy Excellence® implementation. API Energy Excellence is another critical API program in which all API members commit to enhance the integrity of operations across the industry by applying standards, implementing workforce training programs, and participating in performance initiatives. Downstream and petrochemical operators can use these PSSAP protocols to help demonstrate conformance to their API Energy Excellence requirements. PSSAP® is flexible so that sites can tailor assessments to specific needs and operations. It provides options for smaller sites that do not have on-site internal assessment capabilities or do not think a full PSSAP General Assessment is warranted. It is intended that assessments focus on higher risk activities and includes an evaluation of both the quality of written programs at a site and the effectiveness of field implementation of those programs.
- North America > United States (0.34)
- Asia > Middle East (0.28)
- Materials > Chemicals > Commodity Chemicals > Petrochemicals (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Downstream (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Benchmarking and performance indicators (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Safety > Process safety (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Knowledge management (1.00)
- Management > Professionalism, Training, and Education > Communities of practice (0.91)
Abstract The paper presents a solution to the problem of qualitative determination of actual downhole loads and drilling parameters optimization performed employing a dynamic digital well model. The problem of the surface and downhole sensors data quality is disclosed, a solution for an aggregated data QAQC and achieved results are presented. The implementation of the digital platform and the functionality of the dynamic digital twin allowed us to improve the compliance with desired regimes, enabled ensuring the safety of technological operations, allowed us to speed up decision-making while drilling and well completion and commissioning into production. The digital ecosystem allows to timely respond and control operational parameters, to improve and accurately control ROP while minimizing drilling hazards risks and premature drill bit bits wear. The incorporated dynamic digital twin in real-time allows assuring data quality, analyzing activities efficiency, and defining the optimal drilling parameters. The selection of optimal drilling parameters and an increase in ROP are carried out in real-time, based on the analysis of specific mechanical energy. Quality control of sensors plays a key role in the process of evaluating effective weight to bit and associated loads, and in identifying the current friction factor values exhibited downhole. Further on performed trend analysis of the friction factors and respective changes in key drilling parameters allows to track and prevent critical overloads of the drill string, permits to determine the risks of downhole hazards, enables evaluation of well circulation and conditioning activities efficiency in a given interval – allows reducing invisible NPT and the risks of downhole complications. The introduction of a digital ecosystem and a dynamic digital twin allowed us to bring the well construction management process to the next level. Operational response and the decision-making process has been drastically accelerated and improved. Uncertainties associated with an expert's interpretation of drilling states, and subjectivity in the opinions on the effectiveness of processes were eliminated. The negative effect of the human factor and the resulting invisible nonproductive time was minimized. In a short period, the drilling contractor was able to integrate a single digital platform, improve key performance indicators, and involve the field personnel in the full cycle of the technological process of well construction. Field and office personnel, including the driller, can work in a single digital platform, and regardless of the current operation, do always know the true downhole loads, do see the allowable operating envelope and optimal values of the hook load, surface torque, SPP, flow rate, RPM, weight, and torque on the bit, ROP and tripping speeds. The presented method of assessing the quality of the readings of measuring devices and determining the true WOB allows us to optimize the technological parameters during actual drilling. The calculation of the specific mechanical energy is performed based on effective downhole loads transferred to the drill bit. An abnormal increase in the specific mechanical energy notifies the driller to promptly correct the parameters and restore the efficient drilling process. The friction factors are automatically determined during rotation off bottom and tripping operations. Safe corridors and the operational roadmap are re-evaluated every second and are dynamically updated according to the current state of the wellbore and depths.
- Europe (0.68)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.29)
- Well Drilling > Drilling Fluids and Materials > Drilling fluid management & disposal (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
- Well Drilling > Drillstring Design > Torque and drag analysis (0.93)
- (3 more...)
Practical Applications of Diagnostic Data Science in Drilling and Completions
Senters, Chad (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company) | Jayakumar, Swathika (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company) | Warren, Mark (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company) | Wells, Mike (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company) | Harper, Rachel (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company) | Leonard, Richard (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company) | Woodroof, Robert (ProTechnics, A Core Laboratories Company)
Abstract The application of data science remains relatively new to the oil and gas industry but continues to gain traction on many projects due to its potential to assist in solving complex problems. The amount and quality of the right type of data can be as much of a limitation as the complex algorithms and programing required. The scope of any data science project should look for easy wins early on and not attempt an all-encompassing solution with the click of a button (although that would be amazing). This paper focuses on several specific applications of data applied to a sizable database to extract useful solutions and provide an approach for data science on future projects. The first step when applying data analytics is to build a suitable database. This might appear rudimentary at first glance, but historical data is seldom catalogued optimally for future projects. This is especially true if specific portions of the recorded data were not known to be of use in solving future problems. The approach to improving the quality of the database for this paper is to establish requirements for the data science objectives and apply this to past, present and future data. Once the data are in the right "format", the extensive process of quality control can begin. Although this part of the paper is not the most exciting, it might be the most important, as most programing yields the same "garbage in = garbage out" equation. After the data have found a home and are quality checked, the data science can be applied. Case studies are presented based on the application of diagnostic data from an extensive project/well database. To leverage historical data in new projects, metrics are created as a benchmarking tool. The case studies in this paper include metrics such as the Known Lateral Contribution (KLC), Heel-to-Toe Ratio (HTR), Communication Intensity (CI), Proppant Efficiency (PE) and stage level performance. These results are compared to additional stimulation and geological information. This paper includes case studies that apply data science to diagnostics on a large scale to deliver actionable results. The results discussed will allow for the utilization of this approach in future projects and provide a roadmap to better understand diagnostic results as they relate to drilling and completion activity.
- North America > United States > Wyoming > Uinta Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Utah > Uinta Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Colorado > Uinta Basin (0.99)
Numerical Study on Multiple-Blade-Rate Unsteady Propeller Forces for Underwater Vehicles
Takahashi, Kenshiro (Naval Systems Research Center, Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency, Ministry of Defense, Tokyo) | Arai, Jun (Naval Systems Research Center, Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency, Ministry of Defense, Tokyo) | Mori, Takayuki (Naval Systems Research Center, Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency, Ministry of Defense, Tokyo)
The unsteady propeller forces of an underwater vehicle were numerically simulated using computational fluid dynamics to investigate the effects of the axial location of the stern planes. A benchmark study was undertaken using a three-bladed propeller; experimental results of the nominal inflow wake profile were analyzed and the unsteady propeller forces were measured. The numerical method was applied to predict the unsteady propeller forces in the SUBOFF model’s wake by varying the axial locations of the stern planes. Several remarks were made on the primary harmonics of the hull’s wakes and blade-rate propeller forces. Introduction The hydroacoustic noise, which matches multiples of the number of propeller blades and its rotational speed, known as “blade-rate (BR) noise,” has been increasingly used to manage hydroacoustics for naval vessels. BR noise can be caused by alternating blade loads owing to fluctuations in the angle of attack of the blades because marine propellers are operated in the nonuniform wake of ships’ hulls. The unsteady blade load produces unsteady propeller forces that are transmitted via the propeller shaft and bearing, thus producing undesirable vibration and noise. Although the resultant BR noise is a common issue for marine vessels, in particular, submarines and other underwater vehicles deployed for undersea defense systems and oceanographic survey systems require strict specifications for the acoustic signature. Therefore, the unsteady propeller forces must be improved for reduced detectability, because the vehicles should be able to operate without being discovered while sonar detection technology continues to improve.
- Government > Military (0.67)
- Transportation > Marine (0.66)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (0.46)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Benchmarking and performance indicators (0.69)
Operational Readiness Case Study for Accessibility and Mobility of Wells Real Time Centre System and Applications During Movement Control Order
Hamid, Mohd Ridzuan (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Meor Hashim, Meor M. (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Norhashimi, Lokman (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Arriffin, Muhammad Faris (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd) | Mohamad, Azlan (PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd)
Abstract The recent global pandemic is an unprecedented event and took the world by storm. The Movement Control Order (MCO) issued by Malaysia's government to halt the spread of the deadly infection has changed the landscape of work via a flexible working arrangement. The Wells Real Time Centre (WRTC) is not an exception and is also subjected to the change. WRTC is an in-house proactive monitoring hub, built to handle massive real-time drilling data, to support and guide wells delivery effectiveness and excellence. The functionality of the WRTC system and applications are embedded in the wells delivery workflow. The centre houses drilling specialists who are responsible for observing the smooth sailing of well construction and are tasked to intervene when necessary to avoid any unintended incidents. WRTC is equipped with myriads of engineering applications and drilling software that are vital for the operations. Such applications include monitoring software, machine learning applications, engineering modules, real-time data acquisition, and database management. These applications are mostly cloud-based and Internet-facing, hence it is accessible and agile as an infrastructure that is ready to be deployed anytime anywhere when it is required. The strategy for WRTC mobility started as soon as the MCO was announced. This announcement mandated the WRTC to operate outside of the office and required the staff to work from home. The careful coordination and preparation to transform and adapt WRTC to a new norm was greatly assisted by the infrastructure readiness. All of these factors contributed greatly to a successful arrangement with zero to minimal downtime where a workstation was set up in each personnel's home, running at full capacity. This transformation was done within one day of the notice and completed within hours of activation. Despite the successful move, few rooms for improvements such as redundancy of VPN use to access applications and limited access to some proprietary software can be enhanced in the future. WRTC is ready to be mobile and agile to support the drilling operations remotely either in the office or from home. The quick turnaround is a major indicator that WRTC infrastructure and personnel are ready and capable for remote operations without interruption.
- Asia > Malaysia (1.00)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Malaysia Government (0.50)
- Well Drilling (1.00)
- Management > Professionalism, Training, and Education > Communities of practice (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Knowledge management (1.00)
- (2 more...)
Data undoubtedly has value, agreed participants at a recent symposium held by the Professional Petroleum Data Management Association in Denver. Quantifying that value--and communicating that value to decision-makers in a company--however, is tricky if not impossible. "It's kind of nonquantifiable," said Tim Coburn, professor of energy and operations management at the University of Tulsa. That inability to nail down the value of the data keeps some in management from making decisions that would boost data maintenance and stewardship. Jim Soos, a partner with Infosys Consulting, repeated the refrain for those attending his presentation: Data is an asset.
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Benchmarking and performance indicators (0.31)
ABSTRACT Free surface flow around a surface-piercing flat plate operating at incidence is a suitable research subject for marine hydrodynamics, because it includes typical flow features found in marine hydrodynamics such as vortex generation, flow separation, and free surface flows. For those reasons, it is selected by the ITTC committee as a benchmarking case for Stereo PIV(SPIV) test. In this paper, flow past a surface-piercing flat plate is studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The incident angle is 20 degree and the current velocity is 0.4 m/s. Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation is carried out and compared with the existing experimental data. The hydrodynamic forces on the flat plate, velocity profile in the wake regions are presented and analyzed. In addition, the vortical structures are identified and visualized by the Liutex/Rortex method. INTRODUCTION Flow around surface-piercing structures involves interactions between current, wave and body and is of importance for ship and ocean engineering. Wave-induced pressure gradient will affect the boundary layer around the submerged body and vice versa, boundary layer will affect the waves of first order forces and moments (Metcalf et al., 2006). On the other hand, the submerged structures are commonly with truncated free end at the bottom and the tip vortices shed from bottom will interact with free surface (Briggs et al., 2019). Similar physical problems have been extensively studied. Stern et al. (1987) studied the effects of waves on the boundary layer of a surfacepiercing flat plate with an upstream horizontal foil with variable depth of submergence used for generation of Stokes waves in a towing tank for a range of wave steepness and average Re=1.64×10. They observed wedge shaped, broken and turbulent separation region on the free surface. Metcalf et al. (2006) experimentally investigated the unsteady freesurface wave-induced boundary-layer separation for a surface-piercing NACA 0024 foil in a towing tank at three different Froude numbers, 0.19, 0.37 and 0.55 and three Reynolds numbers, 0.822, 1.52 and 2.26×10. They provided mean and unsteady far-field wave elevations, mean and unsteady foil-surface pressures and analyzed the frequency components of shear layer, Karman shedding, and flapping instabilities, respectively. However, no PIV measurement is conducted in their study.
- Europe (0.46)
- Asia > China (0.30)
- North America > United States (0.28)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization (0.87)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (0.84)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Simulation (0.84)
- (3 more...)
Abstract Digital slickline (DSL) using radio frequency (RF) communications for on-command surface controlled explosive trigger tools has been available for years (Heaney et al. 2018). Unfortunately, the non-explosive electro-mechanical downhole power unit (DPU) setting tool could only run in timer mode, and all key performance indicators (KPI), including motor current & voltage, force and rod position were only available in the tool’s memory. The expansion of DSL services led to the development of a powered mechanical platform, and the primary tool upgraded was the DPU to an elite downhole power unit (EDPU). This enhancement allows for on-command surface control and real-time KPI sensor data that was formerly only in the tools memory. Also available are the real-time DSL data, including; casing collar locator (CCL), pressure, temperature, inclination, relative bearing, axial & radial vibration, and battery voltage & current that helps corroborate a successful plug set. Case histories presented will show how all the surface readout (SRO) data provide conclusive confirmation in-situ that the barriers set as planned, and provide a repeatable signature of a mechanical plug set. We will also show examples of plugs that exhibit the expected digital signature but did not pass a mechanical integrity test to confirm adequate isolation. Additional tools in the powered mechanical toolbox include an on-command release tool (ESRT) and a downhole anchor tool (EDAT). All devices can be run in combination if required, and each apparatus has a unique address with individual surface commands. The EDAT & EDPU combination expand intervention services with an extremely high push & pull force, which allows for pulling of subsea crown plugs, heavy-duty fishing, pulling retrievable plugs and many other applications. The EDAT can be set up to run in industry-standard 3 ½, 4 ½, 5 ½, and 7inch pipe sizes and can be modified to allow pulling of oversized crown plugs those outside diameters (OD) are more significant than the dimensions of 7inch pipe.
- Asia (0.68)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.15)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Production and Well Operations > Well Intervention (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Knowledge management (1.00)
- (4 more...)
ABSTRACT This paper presents numerical modelling results of the interaction between a group of steep waves and a fixed vertical cylinder performed with a one-way coupled hybrid model. A set of experimental data is used to benchmark the accuracy of the modelling results. The wavemaker signal generated in the physical experiments is used to reproduce the incident wave conditions without a priori knowledge of the rest of the dataset. A Lagrangian numerical wave flume propagates the wave group, producing the non-linear free surface elevation and wave kinematics with high accuracy in the vicinity of the cylindrical structure. This set of data is used as the input to the olaFlow CFD model, which calculates the wave-structure interaction on a small computational domain. One-way coupling approaches based on boundary conditions and relaxation zones are tested and compared in terms of the recorded free surface elevation and pressures at the structure. Results present an adequate degree of accordance and turbulence effects are found to be negligible in the simulations. INTRODUCTION Wave and structure interaction (WSI) is a field in which numerical modelling is nowadays being applied consistently and with increasing popularity. The challenges derived from modelling the impact of waves and structures are numerous. Marine and offshore structures are usually located in areas subjected to extremely harsh conditions, in which often waves present three-dimensional and highly-nonlinear processes such as wave breaking and wave impacts may result in impulsive loading. Under such conditions the relevance of numerical modelling, and especially computational fluid dynamics (CFD), derives from the low number of underlying assumptions that the Navier-Stokes equations involve, from their inherent nonlinearity and from their capability to include turbulence dissipation effects via Reynolds-Averaged Navier- Stokes (RANS) or Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence models. Furthermore, despite its advantage and flexibility, numerical modelling results alone have a limited practical credibility if they are not accompanied by a reasonable validation against experimental measurements, which is why physical and numerical modelling should be deemed as complementary approaches.
- Asia (0.46)
- North America > United States (0.28)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Benchmarking and performance indicators (0.34)