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Results
This topic outlines the seven common types of unconventionals. It identifies the twelve desired characteristics of productive shale gas formations and outlines the impact of unconventional drilling on shale gas resources. The process of hydraulic fracture stimulation is described. The potential for seismic to help in the search for shale reservoirs is explained. Important mechanical rock properties for reservoir engineers that help with reservoir characterization are listed. The three seismic attributes that are useful for identifying optimal drilling locations are identified, and how these attributes are derived from the direct seismic is explained.
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Shale gas (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
This course introduces the basics of using microseismic surveys to study hydrocarbon reservoirs. A microseismic survey is a 3D technology used to monitor subsurface processes by analyzing microearthquakes. Microearthquakes occur when production, injection or hydraulic fracturing cause changes in the pore pressure of a hydrocarbon reservoir that trigger slippage on bedding planes or fractures. The course begins with basic topics required to understand microseismic events and then discusses applications of microseismic surveys. Among the applications are monitoring fracture stimulation operations and relating production to microseismic data.
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
This study aimed to optimize hydrocarbon production from the naturally fractured reservoirs in the VMM-1 gas field by identifying and interpreting the fault and fracture systems. To achieve this, deep learning fault segmentation was integrated with HTI analysis and ambient microseismic recording. The fault pattern was studied using deep learning fault segmentation, while HTI analysis highlighted the magnitude and distribution of fractures. Ambient microseismic recording was used to identify active faults and fractures. By integrating these three methods, we were able to understand the direction, density, and effectiveness of the various fracture systems, as well as the lateral extent and continuity of the Rosa Blanca Formation. This integration of methods was essential in maximizing ultimate recovery and economic success and has potential applications in the development of other naturally fractured reservoirs.
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia > China (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East (0.67)
- (2 more...)
- Phanerozoic > Cenozoic > Neogene (0.68)
- Phanerozoic > Mesozoic > Jurassic (0.68)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Plate Tectonics (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics > Compressional Tectonics > Fold and Thrust Belt (1.00)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Fault > Dip-Slip Fault (1.00)
- (3 more...)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Naturally-fractured reservoirs (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Neural networks (1.00)
- North America > United States > Texas (1.00)
- Europe (0.93)
- Research Report > New Finding (0.93)
- Overview (0.88)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Carbonate Rock (0.68)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (0.47)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.93)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs > Shale gas (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Storage Reservoir Engineering > CO2 capture and sequestration (1.00)
- (20 more...)
- Europe (1.00)
- Africa (1.00)
- South America (0.67)
- (2 more...)
- Personal > Honors (1.00)
- Instructional Material > Course Syllabus & Notes (1.00)
- Research Report > New Finding (0.92)
- (3 more...)
- Transportation > Ground > Road (1.00)
- Media (1.00)
- Law > Intellectual Property & Technology Law (1.00)
- (14 more...)
- Well Completion (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Project management (1.00)
- (9 more...)
In this paper, we investigated causal factors of induced seismicity in the Permian Basin by collecting and processing data on reported earthquakes, hydraulic fracture operations and salt water disposal. We collected data from five online sources: (1) the TexNet Earthquake Catalog, which provides earthquake data for Texas; (2) the TexNet Injection Volume Reporting Tool, which provides daily salt water disposal data for select Texas wells; (3) the FracFocus Chemical Disclosure Registry, which provides hydraulic fracture data to the public; and (4) B3 Insight and (5) IHS Enerdeq Browser, which are proprietary database services that provide current and historical well data through paid subscriptions. TexNet makes their data available to the public at dynamic map websites. We automate data processing and data management using Python and ArcGIS Pro tools. The workflow produces quick, reliable, consistent and reproducible output. We developed a Python script for each collected data table to filter, select fields and write a new table. We created ArcGIS Pro Model Builder models for each new table to control format properties at import to geodatabase. Further models contain customized ArcToolbox tools arranged in order to run geospatial, quality assurance and quality control processing steps. In addition to discussing the source data and general workflow, we also review results of the automated data processing. To illustrate our method, we create areas of investigation around the 5.4 magnitude Coalson earthquake to collect and process available data to create maps, charts and data products for use in subsequent analysis. We make our Python scripts available on GitHub (https://github.com/ut-beg/py4_texnet_eqcat).
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Water & Waste Management > Water Management > Lifecycle > Disposal/Injection (0.94)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Wolfcamp Formation (0.99)
- (24 more...)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Environment > Water use, produced water discharge and disposal (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)
Calibration of Continuous Wavelet Transform for Dynamic Hydraulic Fracture Propagation with Micro-Seismic Data: Field Investigation
Gabry, Mohamed Adel (Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA) | Gharieb, Amr (Apache Egypt Corp., Cairo, Egypt) | Soliman, Mohamed Y. (Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA) | Cipolla, Craig (HESS Corp., Houston, Texas, USA) | Farouq-Ali, S. M. (Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA) | Eltaleb, Ibrahim (Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA)
Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) as a mathematical tool for improving the understanding of hydraulic fracture propagation mechanisms and evaluating interactions between fractures and formation. The study examines one of the CWT techniques: the normalized scalogram technique for understanding fracture propagation. However, the implementation of these techniques requires calibration using observed measured variables, such as microseismic events. To overcome this obstacle, micro-seismic events, and pressure data recorded in wells are used to calibrate the normalized CWT scalogram. The objective of this study is to validate the effectiveness of these approaches as cost-effective techniques for understating the fracture propagation modes in scenarios where micro-seismic events are not available. The Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) is a powerful mathematical technique that can be used for analyzing hydraulic fracturing data. It involves convolving a short wavelet signal with the measured pressure data in a smooth and continuous manner, applying various dilation and translation operations to produce a scaled representation of the pressure data. This process acts as a local microscope, enhancing the high-frequency information in the pressure signal. The resulting CWT scalogram is normalized to represent fracturing pressure data, which can provide valuable insights into treatment propagation. However, a major challenge in implementing these techniques is the need for calibration using observed measured variables, such as microseismic events. To address this issue, microseismic data recorded in the Bakken was used to calibrate the normalized CWT scalogram. The objective of this study was to validate the effectiveness of this approach as a cost-effective alternative for dynamic fracture events detection in cases where microseismic events are not available. The validation of the normalized CWT scalogram was carried out by calibrating against microseismic events recorded in the Bakken. This confirmation was established by assessing the correlation between fracture events detected by microseismic events and those observed using the normalized CWT scalogram. This paper validates the application of normalized CWT scalograms for understanding fracture propagation modes. These techniques offer a cost-effective approach to optimizing hydraulic fracturing in unconventional reservoirs.
- North America > United States > North Dakota (0.94)
- North America > Canada (0.94)
- North America > United States > South Dakota > Williston Basin > Bakken Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > North Dakota > Williston Basin > Three Forks Group Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > North Dakota > Williston Basin > Bakken Shale Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Montana > Williston Basin > Bakken Shale Formation (0.99)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
Advancing Subsurface Analysis: Integrating Computer Vision and Deep Learning for Near Real-Time Interpretation of Borehole Image Logs in the Illinois Basin Decatur Project
Faiq Adenan, Mohammad (West Virginia University) | Fathi, Ebrahim (West Virginia University) | Carr, Timothy R (West Virginia University) | Panetta, Brian (West Virginia University)
The accurate quantification and mapping of subsurface natural fracture systems using a borehole imaging logs are critical for the success of CO2 sequestration in geological formations, optimization of engineered geothermal systems, and hydrocarbon production enhancement. However, traditional interpretation processes suffer from time-consuming procedures and human bias. To address these challenges and expedite fracture analysis, we investigated the application of integrated computer vision and deep learning workflows to automate image log analysis. Specifically, the design of our workflow was crafted to swiftly detect fractures and baffles by utilizing actual amplitude values from acoustic image logs alongside their binary representation. This novel approach significantly reduces computational time while providing invaluable insights. By incorporating conventional logging and microseismic data, we present a regional subsurface natural fracture mapping technique. Through the minimization of human bias in image log analysis, our automated workflow achieves reduced fracture interpretation time and costs, while ensuring robust and reproducible results. We demonstrated the efficacy of our approach by applying the workflow to The Illinois Basin Decatur Project (IBDP) site. The automated workflow successfully identified major fractured zones, multiple baffles, and an interbedded layer with high resolution of 0.01 ft or 0.12 inch (0.3 cm) and can be upscaled to any desired resolution. Validation through microseismic and image log interpretations allows for accurate and near-real-time mapping of fractures and baffles, significantly enhancing CO2 pressure forecasting and post-injection site care. Our approach stands out due to its robustness, consistency, and reduced computational cost compared to alternative feature extraction technologies. It presents exciting possibilities for advancing CO2 sequestration and engineered geothermal efforts by offering comprehensive and efficient fracture mapping solutions. This technology can contribute significantly to the optimization of CO2 sequestration projects, facilitating sustainable environmental practices and combating climate change.
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock (0.47)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Passive Seismic Surveying > Microseismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Borehole Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- North America > United States > Kentucky > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Indiana > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- North America > United States > Illinois > Illinois Basin (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Central North Sea > South Viking Graben > PL 046 > Utsira Formation (0.99)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- (2 more...)
Dispersion and attenuation characteristics of obliquely incident SV wave in a fluid-saturated porous rock containing aligned penny-shaped fractures
Wang, Wenhao (China University of Petroleum (East China)) | Li, Shengqing (China University of Petroleum (East China), Laoshan National Laboratory) | Guo, Junxin (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-Resolution Imaging Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology) | Zhao, Long (China Oilfield Services Limited) | Guo, Shangjing (China Oilfield Services Limited) | Su, Yuanda (China University of Petroleum (East China), Laoshan National Laboratory) | Tang, Xiao-Ming (China University of Petroleum (East China), Laoshan National Laboratory)
Owing to the complex structural characteristics of aligned fractured rocks with a fluid-saturated porous background, many existing single-wave attenuation mechanism models cannot accurately characterize measuring multiband SV wave data. Moreover, the coupled effect of wave-induced fluid flow between fractures and the background (FB-WIFF) and elastic scattering (ES) from the fractures leads to ambiguity in the elastic response of the SV wave. Using Biots theory and mixed boundary constraints, we derived exact solutions to the scattering problem for a single penny-shaped fracture with an oblique incident SV wave. Furthermore, we developed a theoretical model for a set of aligned fractures by using Foldy's scheme. The numerical results showed that the FB-WIFF, ES of fractures, and their coupling effects were mainly responsible for wave dispersion and attenuation. The FB-WIFF occurs primarily in the low-frequency seismic exploration frequency band, whereas the ES of the fracture surface depends on the relationship between the wavelength and fracture size. In addition, we validated the accuracy and effectiveness of our model by comparing it with an existing interpolation approximation model and previous experimental measurements. The analysis results of this work can explain the acoustic response of SV wave experimental data in different frequency bands and theoretically support fracture detection and characterization.
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (0.68)
- Geology > Structural Geology > Tectonics (0.67)
- Well Completion > Hydraulic Fracturing (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Fluid Dynamics > Flow in porous media (0.93)
- Europe (1.00)
- Africa (1.00)
- South America (0.67)
- (2 more...)
- Personal > Honors (1.00)
- Overview > Innovation (1.00)
- Instructional Material > Course Syllabus & Notes (1.00)
- (3 more...)
- Transportation > Infrastructure & Services (1.00)
- Transportation > Ground > Road (1.00)
- Media (1.00)
- (16 more...)
- Well Completion (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Seismic processing and interpretation (1.00)
- Management > Strategic Planning and Management > Project management (1.00)
- (9 more...)