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Search: Remedial treatment for asphaltene precipitation
...Remedial treatment for ...asphaltene precipitation Asphaltene precipitation and its subsequent deposition in the wellbore and near-well region are detrimental to oil productio...n. The most effective preventive method is to operate at conditions outside the asphaltene precipitation envelope (APE) (see...
Asphaltene precipitation and its subsequent deposition in the wellbore and near-well region are detrimental to oil production. The most effective preventive method is to operate at conditions outside the asphaltene precipitation envelope (APE) (seeAsphaltene precipitation). This is not always possible because of the large drawdown in the vicinity of the wellbore, which lowers the reservoir pressure below the onset pressure. For precipitation in the wellbore, mechanical methods, such as rod and wireline scrapers, can be used to remove asphaltene deposits. Although these methods provide good cleaning and minimal formation damage, their application is limited to the wellbore and does not resolve the problem associated with near-wellbore formation plugging.
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...Thermodynamic models for asphaltene precipitation Thermodynamic models for predicting ...asphaltene precipitation behavior fall into two general categories: activity models andequation-of-state (EOS) models. This ...rs in OnePetro * 8 External links * 9 See also Thermodynamic equilibrium With the precipitated asphaltene treated as a single-component or multicomponent solid, the condition for thermodynamic equilibrium ...
Several approaches that use the activity coefficient model assume the oil and asphaltene as two pseudocomponents: one component representing the deasphalted oil and the other the asphaltenes. Andersen and Speight[1] provided a review of activity models in this category. Other approaches represent the precipitate as a multicomponent solid. Chung,[2] Yarranton and Masliyah,[3] and Zhou et al.[4] gave detailed descriptions of these models.
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...Category:3.4.1 Inhibition and remediation of hydrates, scale, paraffin or wax, and asphaltene . Pages in category "3.4.1 Inhibition and remediation of hydrates, scale, paraffin or wax, and ...asphaltene" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. A * PEH:Asphaltenes and Waxes ...on in pipelines P * Predicting hydrate formation * Preventing formation of hydrate plugs R * Remedial treatment for ...
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...Asphaltene problems in production Certain crude oils deposit solid asphaltenes during production. These depo...umulate in separators and in pipelines. Contents * 1 Definition of asphaltenes * 2 Anticipating asphaltene deposition * 3 Modeling ...asphaltene deposition * 4 Coping with ...
These deposits may plug the wellbore tubing and valves, as well as coat surface safety and process control equipment.[1] Asphaltenes can also accumulate in separators and in pipelines. Asphaltenes are a compound class, not a single compound, concentrated in the high-temperature distillation residue of petroleum ( 530 C). The asphaltene class is defined in accord with the solubility sequence illustrated inFigure 1. * Figure 1--Solubility sequence used to define asphaltenes. See Asphaltenes and waxes for a more detailed characterization of asphaltenes.
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...Asphaltene deposition and plugging After ...asphaltene can remain as a suspended solid in the oil or deposit onto the rock. Here, the term ...precipitation corresponds to the formation of a solid phase fromthermodynamic equilibrium and deposition means th...
After precipitation, asphaltene can remain as a suspended solid in the oil or deposit onto the rock. Here, the term precipitation corresponds to the formation of a solid phase fromthermodynamic equilibrium and deposition means the settling of solid particles onto the rock surface. Deposition will induce alteration of wettability (from water-wet to oil-wet) of the rock and plugging of the formation. These aspects have been known for a long time and are the subject of many recent investigations. This section reviews the investigations and laboratory observations of these aspects.
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...APPLICATION OF CHEMICALS IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT 2 OF ...ASPHALTENE PRECIPITATION IN CRUDE OILS SPE 030128 designed for each case, usable with current oil Difficulties can occur in...s of proceeding as a preventive the hole were unplugged. Wireline scraping was measure (11), whilst remedial action consists of stopped as deposits no longer appeared (during the cleaning equipment by chemica...
...atrix, close to the stopped. Production was restarted after a difficult wellbore area, of a DSA 712 asphaltene dispersant and time consuming work (wireline scraping and solution in aromatic solvent. chemical c...0 (Figure N 1). sediments in crude oil, corresponding to a cleaning out ofthe well. The continuous treatment has maintained production at this level, without ...remedial operations Simultaneously, wireline operations had to be carried (wireline or cleaning), throughout...
...Society of Petroleum Engineers SPE 030128 Application of chemicals in prevention and treatment of ...asphaltene precipitation in crude oils P, Groft'e l , Anticor Chimie S.A. - lL. Volle I , Elf Aquitaine Production - A... Box 833836, Richardson, TX 75083-3836, U,S,A, (Facsimile 214-952-9435), ABSTRACT surfactants as asphaltene flocculation inhibitors have yet been published. Damages due to ...
Abstract Damages due to asphaltene deposits both in the formation and in equipment is a well-known problem in production operations. Asphaltenes have been thoroughly described and set up a system of surfactants that allows asphaltene analyzed, but very few articles introducing dispersion in crude oil. A specific formula has to be surfactants as asphaltene flocculation inhibitors have yet been published. As surfactants can adsorb on the surface of asphaltenes, thus preventing their flocculation, Anticor Chimie and Elf Aquitaine Production have set up a system of surfactants that allows asphaltene dispersion in crude oil. P. 499
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...Society of Petroleum Engineers SPE 26642 Efficient Modelling of Asphaltene Precipitation L.X. Nghiem, * M.S. Hassam, and Ram Nutakki, * Computer Modelling Group, and A.E.D. George, * CANM...rdson, TX 75083-3836, U.S.A. Telex, 163245 SPEUT. Abstract injection/production schemes such that asphaltene precipitation can be avoided or minimized. An efficient modelling technique based on the representation of the pr...ecipitated asphaltene as a pure dense Asphaltenes are heavy hydrocarbon molecules that are in phase is presented. The suc...
...6 EFFICIENT MODELLING OF ASPHALTENE PRECIPITATION SPE 26642 3. Leontaritis, K.J., Amaefule, J.O., and Charles, R.E.: "A 14. Thomas, F.B., Bennion, D...B., Bennion, D.W., and Systematic Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Hunter, B.E.: "Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Formation Damage Caused by ...Asphaltene Deposition," Solids ...
...2 EFFICIENT MODELLING OF ASPHALTENE PRECIPITATION SPE 26642 components were calculated with Flory-Huggins polymer Proposed approach solution theory ...[8]. The performance of the model depends on This paper proposes a model for asphaltene precipitation the molar volumes and solubility parameters of the oil, resins which satisfies the following requir...ibility with flash calculations with an equation of authors reported that this model reproduces the asphaltene state. behavior qualitatively, but further improvements are required Small number of adjustable par...
Abstract An efficient modelling technique based on the representation of the precipitated asphaltene as a pure dense phase is presented. The success of the approach is based on the division of the heaviest component in the oil into a nonprecipitating and a precipitating component. The characterization of these components is discussed. This model was able to make quantitative predictions of experimental data from the literature as well as additional data from industry. This was achieved with only a small number of adjustable parameters (two or three). The mechanistic aspect of the model with regards to colloidal nature of asphaltene/resin micelles is also discussed. An algorithm for three-phase flash calculations with asphaltene precipitation is described. Introduction Asphaltene precipitation from reservoir fluids during oil production is a serious problem because it can result in plugging of the formation, wellbores and production facilities. A description of asphaltene problems and remedial actions in many areas throughout the world are given in [1,2,3,4]. Currently, mechanical and chemical cleaning methods of wellbores are being improvised to maintain production, but these methods are time-consuming and expensive. Asphaltene precipitation also occurs frequently during enhanced-oilrecovery by gas injection which impedes seriously the recovery. A model for correlating and predicting asphaltene precipitation is highly desirable because it would allow the design of injection/production schemes such that asphaltene precipitation can be avoided or minimized. Asphaltenes are heavy hydrocarbon molecules that are in colloidal suspension in the oil, stabilized by resins adsorbed on their surface [5,6,7]. Changes in pressure, temperature and composition may cause asphaltene precipitation. The nature of the precipitated asphaltene is still under investigation. Two scenarios are possible [2]:the asphaltene/resin micelles precipitate essentially unaltered and there is a dissociation of the asphaltene/resin micelles which cause the precipitation of the asphaltene. In field situations, asphaltenes will first flocculate and depending on the flow dynamics may or may not deposit. Only laboratory experiments are considered in this paper and all the flocculated asphaltenes will be referrred to as precipitated asphaltenes. Modelling approaches Several approaches for modelling asphaltene precipitation have been reported in the petroleum literature: Solubility model The first important approach in modelling asphaltene precipitation in petroleum engineering is due to Hirschberg et al [5]. Vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations with a cubic equation of state were first applied to split the mixture into a vapor and a liquid phase. The liquid was then divided into three components: asphaltene, resin and a component for the remaining oil and solvent. P. 375^
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...SPE 81570 Asphaltene Remedial Technology Using Advanced Deasphalted Oil Saad F. Alkafeef, SPE, College of Technological Studies,... Ali D. AL-Shammari, SPE, Kuwait Oil Company. Copyright 2003, Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc. asphaltene particles disaggregation, and it was found that This paper was prepared for presentation at the SP...publication review by Editorial Committees of the Society of The numerous problems associated with asphaltene deposition Petroleum Engineers. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of t...
...moved by a distillation process, and most efficient solvent-extracting option for recovering higher asphaltene was precipitated by n-pentane. value products from the residues' feedstock. The deasphalted Removin...e, respectively, the stability ASTM 2892-78 distillation of crude petroleum. This and solubility of asphaltene in petroleum oil. The development distillation unit has been designed by the manufacturers to of DA...a new tool toward the prevention of provide the routine attainment of precise and reproducible data asphaltene deposition in production facilities. for crude oil allocation purposes. If the crude oil contains ...
...re volume) sandstone core samples to examine the effect on rock injected, respectively. The rate of asphaltene dispersion permeability of DAO products. The tests were carried out on presented by the slope of th... of intermediate slugs passed through the core samples. All core samples are DAO injected to remove asphaltene from the core sample at flushed first with toluene to remove oil residues if any, until 0.05ml/min ...kly. The test The core flood test starts by introducing untreated Marrat concluded that the squeeze treatment method using any of crude oil into the core sample at a continuous constant flow DAO products formu...
Abstract It is well recognised among the scientific community that resin molecules play a crucial role in the stability of colloidal asphaltene particles in petroleum oils. The de-stabilization of asphaltene/resin interaction under the influence of any change in the thermodynamic parameters can cause asphaltene to precipitate. This may significantly add to petroleum field problems such as in-situ permeability reduction, as well as by contributing to serious plugging problems in the production facilities. The latter is the case in West Kuwait Marrat deep wells. One of the remedial technologies that is used in the oil industry is to increase the concentration of the resins' chemical potential by developing synthetic resins to enhance the stability of asphaltene in the oil phase. This method sometimes can be ineffective due to the difficulty in predicting the resin chemical structure that is compatible with the asphaltene chemical structure. The objective of this paper is to introduce a method that is capable of increasing the concentration of resins in their natural state, including increasing oil's aromatic power solvency. The latter is an excellent solvent for well cleaning. The stability of asphaltene was investigated using three different types of de-asphalted oils (DAO) derived from West Kuwait Marrat oil. The first DAO had only the asphaltene fraction removed; the second had the fractions of C5 to C9 removed, and asphaltene; the third had C5 to C15 fractions and asphaltene removed. The oil fractions were removed by a distillation process and asphaltene precipitated by n-pentane. The results have shown that the resin concentration in Marrat oil was increased in volume by removing more oil fractions. It was observed that asphaltene stabilization is strongly influenced by the resin concentration. The influence of the aromatic power solvency has also been examined on asphaltene particles disaggregation, and it was found that disaggregation kinetic rates increase with increasing the aromatic concentration in DAO. No formation damage was observed by all DAO products during core flooding tests. Introduction The numerous problems associated with asphaltene deposition generate large costs to the petroleum industry worldwide. The asphaltene phenomenon seriously reduces well productivity, plugging well tubing and flow lines. The main objective for the oil producers is to minimize asphaltene precipitation to avoid any extra cost to the production operation. Petroleum oils were found to be colloidal solutions in which asphaltenes were the dispersed colloids. The colloidal nature of petroleum oil was first recognized by Nellesteyn, who proposed that petroleum oil contains three principal fractions: oils as dispersed phase, resins as protective bodies and asphaltenes as dispersed colloids. The precipitation of asphaltenes depends on the colloidal stability of these complex systems. The stability of a colloid dispersion is defined as its resistance to flocculation or coagulation. The degree of the "resistance" is used as a measure of the dispersion stability. Asphaltene colloidal dispersion in petroleum reservoirs is considered physically stable if free from any changes in physical properties. However, the degree of asphaltene stability mainly depends on the chemical potential of the resin concentration in the oil phase, thus promoting what is called a steric effect to prevent asphaltene particles from aggregation. The stability of asphaltene has been studied systematically by using a variety of asphaltene stabilizers, i.e. an amphiphile. The asphaltene stabilizer or inhibitor is supposed to act in a similar way to the natural state of resins by peptizing asphaltene particles and keeping them in solution. This type of chemical process depends on the interactions between asphaltene and resin molecules, which is difficult to investigate due to their structural complexity. The performance of this method has its limitations due to the differences of asphatene chemical structure from reservoir to reservoir.
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...SPE-192784-MS Asphaltene Precipitation: A Review on Remediation Techniques and Prevention Strategies Abdulaziz Al-Qasim, Amer Al-Anazi, A...arge efforts have been made to develop advanced and smart technologies that can predict and prevent asphaltene precipitation. In the history of ...asphaltene deposition science, two schools of thought have emerged to predict the phase behavior of ...
...h deeper zones usually have higher fractions of the heavy components. In the case of heavy crude or asphaltene, it is advisable to produce first the top zones of the reservoir, which generally have less tendenc...y to heavy-particle deposition. Intervention techniques A very important aspect of preventing asphaltene precipitation and deposition is maintaining an appropriate wellbore condition, and utilizing a monitoring system ...rance engineers is stimulating the wells periodically to improve the productivity index (PI) with a treatment program that should include: (1) acid for stimulation and (2) xylene and mutual solvent for dissolv...
...8 SPE-192784-MS Environmentally Friendly Techniques for Asphaltene Removal Another technique that has been explored for ...asphaltene removal is utilizing laser energy. Experimental studies indicated that ...asphaltene particles become disrupted after exposure to laser energy. The higher the laser intensity, the best...
Abstract In the last few years, large efforts have been made to develop advanced and smart technologies that can predict and prevent asphaltene precipitation. In the history of asphaltene deposition science, two schools of thought have emerged to predict the phase behavior of asphaltene. One school uses colloidal science techniques, believing that asphaltene exists in oil at a colloidal state. The other school adopts thermodynamic methods, believing that the asphaltene occurs in oil in a true liquid state. The main drawdowns of asphaltene deposition in some reservoirs that are prone to asphaltene precipitation are the alteration of reservoir rock's wettability, and the plugging of the formation, flowlines and separation facilities. Different production strategies have been developed to eliminate or reduce the asphaltene precipitation. As asphaltene properties are dependent on its composition, as well as the reservoir temperature and pressure, thermodynamic and kinetic control strategies are utilized to control the pressure and temperature of the system or the conditions of solid formation. Common intervention techniques include stimulating the well periodically using a mixture of acid, xylene, and mutual solvent. Advancement in the asphaltene flocculation-inhibitor treatments allows it to be used in treating the asphaltene in the reservoir without damaging the formation. There are some limitations and environmental restrictions on the current conventional intervention techniques associated with using low flash-point chemicals. These limitations can be resolved by using environmentally friendly techniques, such as laser energy to disturb asphaltene particles. This paper will discuss the asphaltene precipitation and deposition phenomena, preventive and detection techniques, and intervention methods and their limitations, providing a comprehensive overview on the current practice in asphaltene remediation and prevention.
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...IPTC 14147 Modelling of Asphaltene Precipitation and Deposition during WAG Application Ahmad Khanifar, Birol Demiral, University Technology PETRONA...e Librarian, IPTC, P.O. Box 833836, Richardson, TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 1-972-952-9435 Abstract Asphaltene precipitation and deposition from reservoir fluids during oil production life is a serious problem that can cause... plugging in the formation, wellbore and production facilities. Precipitation and deposition may occur during primary production, during the displacement of reservoir oil by Co ...
...2 IPTC 14147 State of Asphaltene in Petroleum The real solution and colloidal solution approaches are essentially the only two physi...cal models available for description of asphaltene in crude oil [7, 11, 16-18]. The first approach is the solubility or real model which considers the...ssumes that asphaltenes dissolve in crude oil completely and form a uniform solution, in other word asphaltene dissolve in crude oil like other smaller hydrocarbons. The models of this type can be grouped into ...
...IPTC 14147 3 Fluid Modeling There are many models of asphaltene precipitation that are presented and proposed for fluid modeling. One of them is the pure solid model that is ado...pted to represent asphaltene behavior, while phase behavior of oil and gas is modeled with one of equation of states. The ...precipitation of ...
Abstract Asphaltene precipitation and deposition from reservoir fluids during oil production life is a serious problem that can cause plugging in the formation, wellbore and production facilities. Precipitation and deposition may occur during primary production, during the displacement of reservoir oil by Co2, hydrocarbon gas or WAG application. This paper describes the modelling of asphaltene precipitation and deposition in the reservoir porous media. This model is based on fluid properties of typical reservoir oil that includes asphaltene precipitation data. The pure solid model is used to model asphaltene precipitation. The fluid model part is based on the representation of the precipitated asphaltene as a pure dense phase and division of the heaviest components of oil sample into non-precipitating and precipitating components. The fluid properties data are validated and matched with equations of state. Then, it is tried to tune the equations of state based model that represent the asphaltene as pure component solid. This paper also, mentions the concept of asphaltene modeling and its related parameters by using a compositional simulation model. After tuning the equation of state (EOS) by analyzing the oil properties data and setting the asphaltene control parameters, the simulation model was built by incorporation of the equation of state for asphaltic oil properties and the other asphaltene parameters into the compositional simulation model. The model enables the simulation of asphaltene precipitation, flocculation, and deposition including adsorption, plugging, and entrainment under natural depletion and WAG application recovery processes. The model is used to investigate the effects of asphaltene on reservoir performance parameters, including wells oil production, wells bottomhole pressure, reservoir recovery factor and average reservoir pressure, also it can be used to study formation damage including reduction in porosity and permeability in each block and changes in oil viscosity and rock wettability during different recovery scenarios. Introduction Heavy organic components such as asphaltenes, resins, and waxes exist in crude oils in various quantities and forms [1–3]. Such compounds could separate out of the crude oil solution due to various mechanisms and deposit, causing fouling in reservoir, wells, pipelines and oil production and processing facilities [3]. Depositions of the heavy organics present in crude oil happen due to various causes depending on their molecular nature. Paraffin wax can deposit and form solid crystals due, mostly, to lowering of temperature. Resins are not known to deposit on their own, but they deposit together with asphaltenes [3]. Asphaltenes are arbitrarily defined as a solubility class of petroleum that is insoluble in light alkanes such as n-heptane or n-pentane but soluble in toluene or dichloromethane [4, 5]. The reasons for the asphaltenes deposition can be many factors including variations of temperature, pressure, pH, composition, flow regime, wall effect and electro kinetic phenomena [3, 6]. There are many papers that have addressed asphaltene problems during primary recovery or CO2 injection as secondary recovery stage [7–10]. Formation damage due to asphaltene deposition in the oil industry is an issue for many fields that cause reduction in production and shutting of some of the wells and a severe detrimental effect on the economics of oil recovery [1–3]. Once the asphaltene deposition occurs, it causes severe permeability and porosity reduction and wettability alteration, changing relative permeability in the reservoir and, in the severe cases plugging the wellbore and surface facilities [11–14]. It is clear that the approach taken by most operators is a remedial solution rather than preventive. The remedial measures such as chemical treatment and workover operations are disruptive and expensive [15]. Thus, the probability asphaltene precipitation and deposition occurring during any EOR techniques, its effects on reservoir performance, and preventive measures should be anticipated at earliest stages of each project. This anticipation can be reached through better understanding of the mechanisms up front that initiate such problems [10].
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