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Search Saudi Aramco: Rock mechanical properties
...IPTC-22309-MS Frequency Dependent Rock Mechanical Properties for Geomechanical Applications Shujath Ali Syed and Guodong Jin, Baker Hughes; Shouxiang Mark Ma, ...ncluding wellbore stability evaluation, sanding assessment, and hydraulic fracturing design require rock mechanical properties (e.g. Young's modulus) as inputs. Significant discrepancy exists for the same property measured wit...n the applications. This paper presents the development of a prediction model enabling to determine mechanical properties consistently at any applied frequency. To build the prediction model, we first conducted measuremen...
...onal static vs dynamic correlations for various geomechanically applications. Introduction Static rock mechanical properties are required as input in many applications, including in-situ stress determination, optimum mud win...racturing design, and drilling operation optimization. They are commonly determined from laboratory mechanical testing on subsurface core samples, which are only available in cored wells at discrete depths. ...Rock mechanical properties obtained from such ...
...udy is to determine methods for effectively bridging the gap between the laboratory measured static rock elastic ...properties and that of log derived dynamic elastic ...properties, by considering the effects of frequency and strain amplitude. Additionally, Young's Modulus obtain...
Abstract Geomechanical applications including wellbore stability evaluation, sanding assessment, and hydraulic fracturing design require rock mechanical properties (e.g. Young's modulus) as inputs. Significant discrepancy exists for the same property measured with various techniques due to different loading frequency and deformation amplitude applied, potentially resulting in added uncertainties in the applications. This paper presents the development of a prediction model enabling to determine mechanical properties consistently at any applied frequency. To build the prediction model, we first conducted measurements of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio on sandstone samples over a wide frequency range from laboratory standard triaxial tests (~10 Hz), downhole logging (~20 KHz), to laboratory ultrasonic measurement (~1 MHz). These data provide a better understanding of frequency-dependent rock mechanical properties. Rock samples having different porosities and permeabilities are selected for investigating their effects on frequency-dependent acoustic wave velocities. Static measurements of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are also conducted to complete the measurements spectrum from static to dynamic frequencies. From the experimental data, the prediction model is developed to correlate rock elastic properties with measurement frequencies, which is further used to determine mechanical properties at any desired frequency for various geomechanically applications. As expected, the measured Young's modulus increases as the applied frequency increases, which is mainly due to the stiffening mechanism of the rock. The dispersion analysis of the results indicated a higher degree of stiffening for the higher porosity samples. The prediction model of Young's modulus vs the frequency was built and used to calculate the Young's modulus at the logging frequency from the available ultrasonic measurements. The predicted Young's modulus is compared well with the actual values obtained from acoustic logging data. On the opposite, Young's modulus at the ultrasonic frequency was calculated from the logging data using the prediction model and compared well with the measured Young's modulus at the ultrasonic frequency. Good agreement between the predicted and measured Young's moduli demonstrates the effectiveness of the prediction model, and its capability to derive the desired Young's modulus, such as the static, from the dynamic values measured from downhole logging data. The prediction model was developed from a physics based approach to derive the desired rock mechanical properties from their dynamic values measured at the logging or any other frequency, which potentially makes it unnecessary to develop traditional static vs dynamic correlations for various geomechanically applications.
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Central North Sea > Central Graben > PL 018 > Block 2/4 > Greater Ekofisk Field > Ekofisk Field > Tor Formation (0.99)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Central North Sea > Central Graben > PL 018 > Block 2/4 > Greater Ekofisk Field > Ekofisk Field > Ekofisk Formation (0.99)
...tion cannot be fractured successfully by fluid injection due to high in-situ stresses (Sone, 2012). Mechanical properties such as Young's modulus (E), Poisson's ratio ( ) , ...rock strength, and the variation of in-situ stresses are required to provide quantitative analyses of we...llbore stability and optimize hydraulic fracturing design. Rock mechanics data can be estimated from wireline logs such as sonic and density logs; these log measur...
...etween s-wave and p-wave velocity (a) for reservoir B and (b) For reservoir C Carbonates Impact of Rock Properties on Operations Characterization of ...rock mechanical properties is essential to understand how carbonate formation should be drilled and completed. Some parts of c... to optimize future drilling and completion strategies and to predict the geomechanical behavior of rock as the reservoir is produced and pressure declines. The ...
...using Mohr-Coulomb criterion for different values of UCS (Hamid et al., 2014) Conclusion A set of rock physics and ...mechanical properties correlations has been developed for carbonate B and C formations. carbonate B correlation shows for...mation heterogeneities for most of the physical and mechanical properties while carbonate C correlations show a regular trend. Reliable values of ...
Abstract Among many challenges encountered during drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations in carbonate reservoirs, wellbore stability related issues while drilling and variability and unpredictability of the outcome of hydraulic fracturing are the most significant ones. Accurate characterizations of the mechanical properties are essential to understand how the carbonate reservoirs respond to these issues. Static mechanical properties can be obtained directly in the laboratories from triaxial tests on core samples, while dynamic properties can be calculated from wireline measurements such as acoustic wave velocities and bulk density of the formation. Core plug samples from Field-A producing carbonate B and C reservoirs were tested for acoustic and mechanical properties using triaxial method. Laboratory studies on the elastic and deformational properties of carbonate B show that this formation exhibits wide range of elastic properties due to heterogeneity, while the trend in carbonate C is much clearer. This study enabled the generation of empirical correlations among different properties, such as density and P-wave velocity, P and S-wave velocities, P-wave velocities to static and dynamic moduli and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS). The correlations show a good agreement with available correlations that are commonly used in the industry for carbonate C. The developed equations will improve and enhance hydraulic fracture and wellbore stability models that are related to geomechanics in the carbonate reservoir. The equations compute the mechanical properties for any well within the study area using measured geophysical log data such as density and compressional and shear sonic logs. The derived correlations are implemented in actual cases and are presented in this paper.
- North America > United States (0.94)
- Europe (0.70)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (0.29)
- Asia > Middle East > Qatar (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Carbonate Rock (0.32)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.34)
Maximizing the Use of Rock Mechanical Data through Empirical Correlation and Data-Driven Analytics
Khan, Khaqan (Saudi Aramco) | Almarri, Misfer (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Qahtani, Adel (Saudi Aramco) | Syed, Shujath Ali (Baker Hughes, a GE Company) | Negara, Ardiansyah (Baker Hughes, a GE Company) | Jin, Guodong (Baker Hughes, a GE Company)
...SPE-195140-MS Maximizing the Use of Rock Mechanical Data through Empirical Correlation and Data-Driven Analytics Khaqan Khan, Misfer Almarri, and Adel...ay not be copied. The abstract must contain conspicuous acknowledgment of SPE copyright. Abstract Rock mechanical properties are required as an input in many petroleum engineering applications, such as borehole stability ana...prediction. Their determination is commonly from various laboratory testing performed on subsurface rock samples. Due to the scarcity of reservoir samples and test cost, ...
...dical-CT scans were performed on these samples to quantify the samples condition and quality before mechanical tests. Depending on the availability of samples at each depth, either UCS, SST or MST tests are con...heir medical-CT images. Sample preparation All samples (cylindrical in shape) were prepared for the mechanical testing following the ASTM standard D4543 with very few exceptions. Depending on the whole core siz...son's ratio (υ) were calculated at 50% of the peak stress. Petrophysical measurements Petrophysical properties of each tested sample were measured using various experimental techniques. Bulk density is calculat...
...4 SPE-195140-MS Figure 1--Illustration of simultaneous measurement of static and dynamic elastic properties during a ...rock mechanical testing. Validating measured UCS data using published empirical correlations Static ...rock mechanical properties cannot be measured directly from downhole tools. The empirical correlations built from laboratory e...
Abstract Rock mechanical properties are required as an input in many petroleum engineering applications, such as borehole stability analysis, hydraulic fracturing design, and sand production prediction. Their determination is commonly from various laboratory testing performed on subsurface rock samples. Due to the scarcity of reservoir samples and test cost, rock mechanical data are always very limited. Therefore, empirical correlations are very often used to estimate the mechanical properties from downhole logging measurements. Alternatively, the data-driven analytics techniques have been developed for predicting rock properties from other formation properties that can be determined directly from logs. This paper presents a study of developing correlation equations and data-driven models that are used to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) from logging data. Various rock mechanical tests including UCS, single- and multi-stage triaxial tests are performed on sandstone samples from three wells in one region. UCS values are obtained either from the UCS testing directly or from the Mohr-Coulomb failure analysis indirectly. Rock properties, such as mineralogy, porosity, grain and bulk density, ultrasonic wave velocities, are measured for each tested sample, which are used to build the correlations and data-driven analytical models for predicting UCS. Results shows that the empirical correlations are not universal and often cannot be used without some modifications, while the data-driven model is more generalized in application. In addition, data quality is very crucial for building correlations or predictive models.
- Europe (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (0.46)
- North America > United States > Colorado (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.49)
- North America > United States > Colorado > Piceance Basin > Williams Fork Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.91)
Rock Mechanical Characterization of Shale-Drilling Fluid Interactions to Mitigate Borehole Instability Problems
Alqam, Mohammad (Saudi Aramco) | Amanullah, Md (UITC) | Algarni, Salem (Saudi Aramco) | Almakrami, Adnan (Saudi Aramco)
...SPE-213376-MS Rock Mechanical Characterization of Shale-Drilling Fluid Interactions to Mitigate Borehole Instability Problems Mo...f them using water-based muds. The physio-chemical interaction of water-based drilling muds and the rock formations along with their micro and macro scale ...mechanical degradation are some of the root causes for instantaneous and time dependent borehole instability p...
...embrane generating capacity (Tan et al. 2002) and mud pressure penetration, petrographic aspects of rock-fluid interactions (Amanullah et al. 1993), etc. These experimental results are used for chemical t...ts are also used to design superior and high performance water-based muds, evaluate the strength of rock-fluid interactions and provide technical guidelines for trouble free drilling operations. Root caus...active water molecules of the mud systems interact with the water loving clays of shale and the mud rock matrix. Due to the high-water affinity of the clays of the shale formations, the water phase of non...
...rilling operation. This highlights the importance of the evaluation of the geomechanical aspects of rock-fluid interactions for safe and trouble-free drilling operation. Review of published literatures sh...ows the abundance of publications related to physio-chemical and mineralogical aspects of rock-fluid interactions to control borehole instability problems, design superior water-based drilling m... time and the operational cost. Only limited studies were conducted by the industry to evaluate the rock mechanical aspect of shale-drilling fluid interactions (Amanullah et al. 1992, Modi and Hale 1993, Lal 1999) t...
Abstract Borehole instability is one of the biggest problems faced by the oil and gas industry when drilling shale formations, mudrocks, marl, or a combination of them using water-based muds. The physio-chemical interaction of water-based drilling muds and the rock formations along with their micro and macro scale mechanical degradation are some of the root causes for instantaneous and time dependent borehole instability problems. Though there are comprehensive studies of physio-chemical aspect of shale-drilling fluid interactions, only a few studies are available, that describe the rock mechanical aspect of shale-drilling fluid interactions. Hence, there is a need for a compressive study of the rock-mechanical aspect of shale-drilling mud interactions. This R&D will concentrate on the testing and evaluation of the geo-mechanical aspect of shale-drilling fluid interactions by conducting rock mechanical testing of original shale cores, water saturated shale cores and two water-based muds saturated shale cores for comparative assessment of the rock-fluid interactions effect on the mechanical properties of reactive shales/mudocks. This paper describes the rock mechanical diagnostic signatures of rock-fluid interactions that were related to instantaneous and time dependent borehole instability problems. This study will provide a tool for field's engineers to predict the nature of the borehole instability problems and provide appropriate technical guidelines to the mud engineers and drilling fluid consultants to reduce the probability and the likelihood of creating instantaneous and time dependent borehole instability problems.
- Asia > Middle East (0.94)
- Europe (0.68)
Microstructural and Rock Mechanical Study on Selected Core Plugs Samples from Unconventional Formation
Al-Badairy, Hameed (Saudi Aramco) | Alqam, Mohammad (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Nakhli, Ayman (Saudi Aramco)
...SPE-187984-MS Microstructural and Rock Mechanical Study on Selected Core Plugs Samples from Unconventional Formation Hameed Al-Badairy, Mohammad Alqa...mely low permeability. In this paper, an integrated approach was applied to investigate the role of rock mechanical properties. Also, samples were selected for microstructural and mineralogical characterizations using advanced...s. The outcome of this study is to develop practical empirical correlations to assist in predicting rock mechanical properties. The ultimate objective is to establish formation dependent correlations that relate ...
...this study, the microstructural characterizations and compositional microanalysis were coupled with rock mechanics testing of selected core plugs focusing on investigating the role of ...rock mechanics, stressdependent permeability and a characterization study for tight gas formation. The k...f shale gas formation. Experimental An integrated approach was applied to investigate the role of rock mechanical properties. Also, samples were selected for mineralogical characterization and for identification of the clay ...
...SPE-187984-MS 5 Measurements of rock mechanical properties were performed on samples from a tight gas formation. Multistage tests were performed on the sample...s in a dry state to measure the static and dynamic properties. Also, the ultrasonic compressional and shear velocities were measured on each sample under triaxia...l loading. Velocities were also used to compute dynamic properties of the ...
Abstract Tight gas is the general term applied to low permeability, low deliverability, and low porosity gas-producing formations. Future potential for gas production lies among others in tight gas reservoirs. Gas wells in these reservoirs are economically marginal and they cannot be developed using conventional technologies. These reservoirs must be hydraulically fractured to produce because of the natural ineffective reservoir drainage, which is due to extremely low permeability. In this paper, an integrated approach was applied to investigate the role of rock mechanical properties. Also, samples were selected for microstructural and mineralogical characterizations using advanced microscopy and spectroscopy analytical techniques. Additionally, ultrasonic compressional and shear velocities were measured on each sample and dynamic Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio were obtained. The acquired topographical images showed the presence of nanoscale pores and micro-cracks in most of the examined core samples. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) general area analyses revealed that the examined formations were composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum and magnesium as the major elements with appreciable amounts of potassium, calcium, iron and carbon. EDS spot mode analyses revealed the presence of white particles that were found to be iron-rich compounds. The outcome of this study is to develop practical empirical correlations to assist in predicting rock mechanical properties. The ultimate objective is to establish formation dependent correlations that relate mechanical properties, such as rock strength, to a log measured physical property such as sonic velocity. The mechanical properties are critical input for many field problems, such as wellbore stability, sand production control, fracturing, casing design and perforation. The final outcome of this project will result in tremendous reduction of testing time and cost.
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Modeling > Velocity Modeling (0.35)
- Well Drilling > Wellbore Design > Wellbore integrity (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Unconventional and Complex Reservoirs (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
Improved Characterization of Carbonate Rock Properties: A Multiphysics Integrated Approach
Kraishan, Ghazi M. (Saudi Aramco) | Ma, Shouxiang Mark (Saudi Aramco) | Dyshlyuk, Evgeny (Schlumberger) | Al-Ofi, Salah M. (Schlumberger) | Valori, Andrea (Schlumberger) | Abdallah, Wael (Schlumberger) | Crary, Steve (Schlumberger)
... on Dunham classification (Dunham, 1962), Ameen et al. (2009) used acoustic measurements to predict mechanical properties of carbonates from the same reservoir. In this study, we adapt a similar approach to characterize a...d upper zone samples are mixed between grainstones and packstones. Figure 2--Correlation charts of rock samples ...mechanical properties versus matrix porosity at 4000 psi confining pressure. The upper zone is dominated by macro inter-p...
...6 SPE-181539-MS Table 2--Comparison of the median values of rock mechanical parameters according to ...rock texture (Ameen et al. 2009). Mud-Lean ...Rock property Crystalline Grainstone Packstone Packstone Vp (m/s) 5,344 4,127 4,256 4,374 Vs (m/s) 3,15...
...ion (APCAP). 5. Ameen, M., Smart, B., Sommerville, J., Hammilton, S. and Naji, N., 2009. Predicting Rock Mechanical Properties of Carbonates From Wireline Logs (A case study: Arab-D reservoir, Ghawar field, Saudi Arabia). Mari...tic Basics for Stratigraphic Traps. Geophysics. Vol. 39, 770-780. 18. Gregory, A., 1977. Aspects of Rock Physics from Laboratory and Log Data that are Important to Seismic Interpretation. In Seismic Strat...das, B., Zeybek, M., Loubens, R. N. and Chugunov, N., 2010. Determination of In Situ Two Phase Flow Properties Through Downhole Fluid Movement Monitoring. SPEREE, pp. 575-87...
Abstract Single subsurface measurement of formation properties cannot provide a complete assessment of the rock and fluid properties at reservoir conditions. The key to successful formation evaluation is through integration of data obtained with different physics, as demonstrated in this study of carbonate rock characterization. Carbonate formations are complex owing to their complicated pore structure resulting from different depositional environments and diagenesis. Derived rock petrophysical properties from multiphysics measurements of acoustics, resistivity, dielectric, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are compared with the "true" rock properties determined directly through core analyses at ambient and/or reservoir conditions. 20 core plugs were studied at both fully and partially saturated states. Results indicate that temperature is a major factor affecting the dielectric, NMR, and resistivity signals whereas pressure has less impact. Although, the selected samples were carefully chosen to represent the dominant lithofacies and rock lithologies, the NMR 1D porosity profile exhibit a heterogeneous nature for some of the plugs. After inversion of the dielectric data, the cementation factor and saturation exponent were obtained from both dielectric and resistivity experiments. In addition, the inverted shallow resistivity (Rxo) from dielectric agrees well with Rxo obtained from the resistivity measurement, demonstrating measurement consistency. Integration of the multiphysics measurements enables improved characterization of carbonate rocks. The integration procedure is based on a mathematical algorithm comparing variability in the input parameters. The added value of the current work is shown when integrating and calibrating these results with logs. It enhances the petrophysical interpretation, reduces the uncertainty in some of the petrophysical parameters, and increases understanding toward better field development strategies.
- North America (0.93)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province (0.46)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Carbonate Rock (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (1.00)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Europe > Norway > North Sea > Northern North Sea > North Viking Graben > PL 190 > Brent Group > Tarbert Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Lower Fadhili Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff D Formation (0.99)
- (5 more...)
Integration of Petrophysical and Geomechanical Properties for Enhanced Fracture Design
Al-Kharraa, Hamad (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Ameer, Ahmed (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Qahtani, Faris (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Sultan, Ali (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Abbad, Mustafa (Saudi Aramco) | Al-Obaid, Osama (Saudi Aramco)
...SPE-178032-MS Integration of Petrophysical and Geomechanical Properties for Enhanced Fracture Design Hamad Al-Kharraa, Ahmed Al-Ameer, Faris Al-Qahtani, Ali Al-Sultan, Mu...l and geomechanical models are built using advanced well logging, special core analysis (SCAL), and rock mechanical properties. Within the petrophysical evaluation, special care must be taken when transferring the dynamic valu...
...eomechanical analysis is essential to optimize the CQ with both vertical and lateral wellbores. The Mechanical Earth Model (MEM) that was used in this study included ...mechanical properties such as elastic constants (Youngs's and Poisson's), and ...rock strength data (unconfined compressive strength). Log data, particularly compressional, shear slowne...
...adient is built using the extrapolation method from the density log. 3. Pore Pressure Prediction 4. Rock strength Analysis: UCS, unconfined compressive strength, log values were constrained using Coates D...n calibrated with the static data from the core lab results as shown in Figure (5) . Table (1): Mechanical and Petrophysical ...rock properties Properties Value Permeability (nD) 403 Porosity (%) 9.8 TOC (%) 10.3 Net Pay (ft) 76 YME (Mpsi) 3.36 PR (v/v) ...
Abstract Shale reservoirs retain significant natural gas reserves, which are more challenging to recover than in conventional reservoirs. Production from these unconventional resources became economically feasible as a result of advances in both horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technologies. Stimulation technologies continue to improve through the combining of advanced logging, geomechanics, microseismic and frac fluids. This has led to further optimization of hydraulic fracture treatments and higher recovered unconventional reserves. Petrophysical and geomechanical models are built using advanced well logging, special core analysis (SCAL), and rock mechanical properties. Within the petrophysical evaluation, special care must be taken when transferring the dynamic values of Poisson’s ratio and Young modulus, obtained from acoustic data, to static values, to reduce the uncertainty of stress and fracture width estimations. Additionally, one of the key parameters in improving hydrocarbon production is choosing a suitable fluid type and associated chemicals to be used in reducing damage to the formation. Geomechanically, utilizing “Drilling-Induced Tensile Fractures” (DITFs) analysis is crucial to estimate fracture half-length, number of fracture stages, closure pressure of the frac and designing the appropriate pump rates. This paper presents a case study from a Saudi Arabian shale formation. The described workflow is designed to help optimize both reservoir characterization and design of hydraulic stimulation treatments. It will be shown that engineered completions are more effective and yield higher ultimate recoveries than geometric spaced completions. Simulating a hybrid fracture design comparing both geometrically spaced clusters and petrophysically engineered clusters showed a 38 percent increase in conductivity within the engineered design. Particular attention has been given to the effects of natural fractures on the stimulation both in size and direction of extension. Introduction Growing energy demand has forced the oil and gas industry to develop unconventional resources, including shale and tight sand reservoirs. Saudi Aramco has shown that reservoir potential for shale gas plays is promising. However, developing shale gas plays has many recognized challenges. High formation heterogeneity, clay laminations, types of clays will all play a major role in the petrophysical interpretation as well as Completion Quality (CQ or fracability) of the reservoirs. Any petrophysical interpretation should be processed using a deterministic method. This will yield a reservoir quality (RQ) quotient. Equally important is combing the geomechanical completion quality (CQ) with the petrophysical evaluation. These will both be necessary when working with ultra-low permeability rocks that require engineered stimulations. Combining the RQ and the CQ will allow us to better answer whether or not a stimulation treatment will be contained or propagate out of zone. After combing the RQ and CQ, advanced stimulation tools can then be used to incorporate that data and further improve the ultimate fracture design.
- North America > United States (1.00)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Mudrock > Shale (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Passive Seismic Surveying > Microseismic Surveying (0.34)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Middle East Government > Saudi Arabia Government (0.55)
Geomechanical Properties Estimation Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Prediction Tool
Alabbad, Mohammed (Saudi Aramco) | Alqam, Mohammad (Saudi Aramco) | Aljeshi, Hussain (Saudi Aramco)
...SPE-204672-MS Geomechanical Properties Estimation Utilizing Artificial Intelligence Prediction Tool Mohammed Alabbad, Mohammad Alqam, and...oney and time. Reliable fracturing and drilling designs are governed with decent and representative rock mechanical properties. Such ...properties are measured mainly by analyzing multiple previously cored wells in the same formation. The nature ...
...12 SPE-204672-MS Figure 9 shows the correlation coefficients plots for all five target properties (compressional velocity, 2 sheer velocities, Young modulus and poisons ratio) that was estimated fr...ll 5 parameters obtained from the model Conclusion ANN expert system was created from logging and mechanical core plugs data to estimate static/dynamic ...rock mechanical properties including compressional and shear velocities, Young Modulus and Poission ratio. The number of data ...
...e synthetic well logs, and eventually will be combined with our artificial neural network (ANN) geo-mechanical model. This will allow availability of full reservoir synthetic logs and geo-...mechanical properties; see Figure 1. Hence, a more informed decision-making process will be created (2) . Synthetic w...
Abstract Drilling and fracturing are considered to be one of the major costs in the oil and gas industry. Cost may reach tens of millions of dollars and improper design may lead to significant loss of money and time. Reliable fracturing and drilling designs are governed with decent and representative rock mechanical properties. Such properties are measured mainly by analyzing multiple previously cored wells in the same formation. The nature of the conducted tests on the collected plugs are destructive and samples cannot be restored after performing the rock mechanical testing. This may disable further evaluation on the same plugs. This study aims to build an artificial neural network (ANN) model that is capable of predicting the main rock mechanical properties, such as Poisson's ratio and compressive strength from already available lab and field measurements. The log data will be combined together with preliminary lab rock properties to build a smart model capable of predicting advance rock mechanical properties. Hence, the model will provide initial rock mechanical properties that are estimated almost immediately and without undergoing costly and timely rock mechanical laboratory tests. The study will also give an advantage to performing preliminary estimates of such parameters without the need for destructive mechanical core testing. The ultimate goal is to draw a full field geomechanical mapping with this tool rather than having localized scattered data. The AI tool will be trained utilizing representative sets of rock mechanical data with multiple feed-forward backpropagation learning techniques. The study will help in localizing future well location and optimizing multi-stage fracturing designs. These produced data are needed for upstream applications such as wellbore stability, sanding tendency, hydraulic fracturing, and horizontal/multi-lateral drilling.
- North America > United States (0.46)
- Asia > Middle East (0.46)
- Geophysics > Borehole Geophysics (1.00)
- Geophysics > Seismic Surveying (0.98)
- Well Drilling > Wellbore Design > Wellbore integrity (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (1.00)
- Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)
- Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems > Artificial intelligence (1.00)
...808-MS Increasing Stimulated Reservoir Volume SRV in Unconventional Reservoirs: Microstructural and Rock Mechanical Study Ayyaz Mustafa, Zeeshan Tariq, Abdulazeez Abdulraheem, and Mohamed Mahmoud, KFUPM; Ayman Al N...treatment mechanism. Results showed significant conductivity increase with new treatment technique. Rock samples were studied for mineralogical and microstructural characterizations using advanced spectro...scopy and microscopy analytical techniques. Moreover, on each rock specimen ultrasonic compressional (P-wave) and shear (S-wave) velocities were recorded and dynamic ...
...e research incorporated the integrated methodology in order to examine the effect of stimulation on rock mechanical properties. Advanced spectroscopy and macro and microscopy techniques were implemented for observing the chang...es in micro-scale features as a result of thermo-chemical stimulation. Elastic mechanical parameters (dynamic Poisson's ratio and Young's Modulus) were determined using measured shear and c...spersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), included aluminium, silicon, magnesium and oxygen present in the rock samples along with minor quantity of iron, calcium, carbon and potassium. Few iron-rich compunds we...
...velocity, m/s References Al-Badairy, H., Alqam, M., and Al-Nakhli, A. (2017). Microstructural and Rock Mechanical Study on Selected Core Plugs Samples from Unconventional Formation. SPE Annual Technical Symposium ...w and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, Barree RD, Gilbert JV, Conway M (2009) Stress and Rock Property Profiling for Unconventional Reservoir Stimulation. In: SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technolog...
Abstract The huge resources of unconventional hydrocarbon reserves across the world coupled with the growing oil value makes their contribution to be significantly important to the world economy. Oil producing companies can invest in unconventional hydrocarbon to cover local demand and save crude oil for exporting. Conversely, one of the foremost challenge that producers face in unconventional reservoirs is the need for large stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) to ensure economical production. This study describes a new stimulation technique to increase the stimulated reservoir volume using the chemical reactions along with hydraulic fracturing fluid. Reactive chemicals are used to generate the localized pressure and heat in tight formations to create additional micro fracturing, thus increase the fracture complexity. Created induced micro-fractures considerably increased the porosity, permeability, and ultimately the SRV. The synthetic sweetspots are created nearby a wellbore and fractured area by the help of new stimulation treatment mechanism. Results showed significant conductivity increase with new treatment technique. Rock samples were studied for mineralogical and microstructural characterizations using advanced spectroscopy and microscopy analytical techniques. Moreover, on each rock specimen ultrasonic compressional (P-wave) and shear (S-wave) velocities were recorded and dynamic Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus were determined. The obtained topographical images revealed the presence of micro-cracks and nanoscale pores in all studied core samples. The novelty of this study is to develop a novel fracturing technique to increase stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). The parameters studied in this research can be served as critical inputs for many field applications such as wellbore stability, casing design and perforation, sand production control, and fracturing.
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia (0.46)
- North America > United States > New Mexico (0.29)
- North America > United States > Texas (0.28)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock (0.34)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yeso Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Yates Formation (0.99)
- North America > United States > Texas > Permian Basin > Wolfcamp Formation (0.99)
- (23 more...)
...SPE 68194 A Mathematical Algorithm for Modeling Geomechanical Rock Properties of the Khuff and Pre-Khuff Reservoirs in Ghawar Field Mohammed Y. Al-Qahtani, SPE, Zillur Rahim, S...cid is used to react with Box 833836, Richardson, TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. the rock once a fracture is created by the viscous pad. The reaction of the acid etches the fracture walls a...nd matrix rock Abstract creating a conductive path from the reservoir to the wellbore. The Khuff and Pre-Khuff ar...
...he ratio of applied stress to the Jauf Formation longitudinal strain. It can be interpreted as the rock "stiffness," The Juaf formation is an early Devonian sandstone. It or a parameter expressing the re...sistance of the rock to deform consists of shallow marine sands, deposited over a broad shelf. under a given loading con...ratigraphic traps. The whereas wide fractures are created in low modulus formations. primary source rock for the Jauf reservoir is the basal hot shale Young's modulus can also be determined from logs or f...
...A MATHEMATICAL ALGORITHM FOR MODELING GEOMECHANICAL ROCK PROPERTIES OF SPE 68194 THE KHUFF AND PRE-KHUFF RESERVOIRS IN GHAWAR FIELD 3 1.0E 07 Cohesive Strength (S ...he normal (uniaxial) stress required to 0.0E 00 cause failure by crushing an unconfined sample of rock. This 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 can be determined from a uniaxial compressive ...rock test. Porosity S Figure 2 Young's Modulus vs. Porosity (Pre-Khuff Reservoir). o UCS 0.289 Ve...
Abstract The Khuff and Pre-Khuff are deep gas condensate reservoirs under active tectonic stress environment. The reservoirs are under development using horizontal wells and vertical wells with hydraulic fracturing. Modeling geomechanical rock properties accurately is essential for ensuring a successful frac job design and execution. During the last two years, a large amount of additional lab and field information has become available. Integration of all the data was conducted for better estimation of in-situ geomechanical rock properties. This paper presents the results of a mathematical algorithm for calculating the geomechanical rock properties for the Khuff and Pre-Khuff reservoirs in the Ghawar field. The model is derived from the classical poroelastic model in addition to a tectonic strain component as proposed by Prats and Warpinski. The model was calibrated to lab data as well as to the results of several Microfrac and Minifrac field tests. The model was further improved by calibrating it with actual history-matched frac data. The algorithm describes a methodology for systematically calculating geomechanical rock properties and in-situ minimum horizontal stress magnitude from sonic shear and compression log data. The paper also describes a detailed history-matching algorithm for Minifrac and frac data using a 3-D frac simulator. The results show that the minimum in-situ stress in the Khuff and Pre-Khuff reservoirs is governed by the tectonic effect, which is Young's modulus dependent. Detailed analysis and well examples are presented. Introduction Well stimulation technology has proven to be successful in improving hydrocarbon recovery. Many wells are stimulated to increase productivity and recovery. Two types of well stimulation techniques are generally adopted, viz., hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing. The first type is used in sandstone reservoirs and high-conductivity proppants are used to keep open the fracture initiated and propagated mainly by the pad fluid pumped prior to proppants. The second type is used for carbonate reservoirs where acid is used to react with the rock once a fracture is created by the viscous pad. The reaction of the acid etches the fracture walls and matrix rock creating a conductive path from the reservoir to the wellbore. Saudi ARAMCO has initiated an acid fracturing program to treat the Khuff carbonates and Pre-Khuff sandstone reservoirs in the Ghawar field in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The fracture treatments conducted thus far have resulted in very encouraging gas rate and well productivity. In this paper, we discuss some of the main reservoir properties that impact fracture and production behavior, which are the geomechanical properties. We will provide a review of the mathematical models used to generate the data. We will also provide a systematic approach for calibrating and improving the model by integrating and history matching field data. Actual field examples will be provided to illustrate the process. Both reservoir properties, particularly the mechanical properties, and perforation placements dictate the geometry of the fracture and its effectiveness. Placement of perforations is controllable and should be based on accurate prediction of reservoir flow and geomechanical properties. Therefore, it becomes very important to accurately predict geomechanical properties. Reservoir Geology The focus of this paper is on the Khuff and Pre-Khuff Jauf reservoirs in Ghawar field. The structure map is presented in Fig. 1.
- Geology > Rock Type > Sedimentary Rock > Clastic Rock > Sandstone (1.00)
- Geology > Geological Subdiscipline > Geomechanics (1.00)
- Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)
- Government > Regional Government > Asia Government > Middle East Government > Saudi Arabia Government (0.88)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Lower Fadhili Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff D Formation (0.99)
- Asia > Middle East > Saudi Arabia > Eastern Province > Al-Ahsa Governorate > Arabian Basin > Widyan Basin > Ghawar Field > Khuff C Formation (0.99)
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