panel 2

SPE Online Education: Oil and Natural Gas Technology Symposium: Day 1

SPE TrainingJanuary, 2023

The Oil and Natural Gas Technology Symposium: Focus on Sustainability, held virtually on 6–7 April 2021, created an opportunity for open dialog between the oil and gas industry and policymakers. Panel 2 shares that the oil and gas industry is a high-technology industry. Meeting future energy challenges at scale will require technology solutions that will rely on engineering capability and creativity from existing systems and companies. Change at scale requires technology and implementing organizations at scale.

SPE Training

day 1, natural gas technology symposium, panel 2, spe online education, speaker

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas (1.00)

Technology: Information Technology (0.45)

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SPE Online Education: Oil and Natural Gas Technology Symposium: Day 1

SPE TrainingDecember, 2022

The Oil and Natural Gas Technology Symposium: Focus on Sustainability, held virtually on 6–7 April 2021, created an opportunity for open dialog between the oil and gas industry and policymakers. Panel 2 shares that the oil and gas industry is a high-technology industry. Meeting future energy challenges at scale will require technology solutions that will rely on engineering capability and creativity from existing systems and companies. Change at scale requires technology and implementing organizations at scale.

SPE Training

day 1, natural gas technology symposium, panel 2, spe online education, speaker

Genre: Instructional Material > Online (0.40)

Industry:

Energy > Oil & Gas (1.00)
Education > Educational Setting > Online (1.00)
Education > Educational Technology > Educational Software > Computer Based Training (0.85)

Technology: Information Technology > Enterprise Applications > Human Resources > Learning Management (0.40)

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Effect of Artificial Discontinuities on Blast Induced Vibrations in Open Pit Mines

OnePetroOctober, 2011

ABSTRACT In the case of blast induced vibrations it is very common that mine managers come across with complaints from local residents. This may lead to decrease or total cessation in the production. Therefore, there are a lot of studies that focus on eliminating the effects of blast induced vibrations. The first method that comes to mind for the elimination of blast induced vibrations is to reduce the amount of explosive. However, decrease in the amount of the explosive leads to a decrease in the pre-planned production. Studies apart from this focus on pre-split, barrier holes, and trench methods. While some of these researchers claim that blast induced vibrations are largely eliminated by the help of these methods, some others claim that they have no positive influence on the issue. It can be said that there does not exist a common agreement on the effects of these methods on the elimination of blast induced vibrations. In this study, the effect of artificial discontinuities on blast induced vibrations was investigated. To this end, 3 different panels in Seyitömer Coal Mine in Turkey were formed, and a total of 395 vibration records were taken in front of and behind the discontinuities from different places pertaining to 150 blasts. Analysis of data has revealed that a decrease in PPV of up to 80% has been detected right behind the barrier holes.

OnePetro

ISRM

ISRM-12CONGRESS-2011-230

12th ISRM Congress

artificial discontinuity, barrier hole, blast induced vibration, blast-induced vibration, discontinuity, discontinuity line, dumlupinar university, elimination, evaluation, kutahya, metals & mining, Mining Engineering Department, panel 1, panel 2, particle velocity, seyitomer coal enterprise, University, vibration

Country: Asia > Middle East > Turkey (0.40)

Genre: Research Report (0.34)

Industry: Materials > Metals & Mining (1.00)

Technology: Information Technology (0.35)

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Analysis Of LWD Acoustic Data Validates Its Accuracy

Tang, Xiaoming (Baker Hughes, Inc.) | Lilly, David (Baker Hughes, Inc.) | Petpisit, Kiattisak (Baker Hughes, Inc.)

OnePetroJune, 2007

Abstract With world-wide application of LWD acoustic technology, it becomes important to assess the data accuracy and quantify the errors in the LWD acoustic velocity measurements. We use a linear-regression analysis to estimate the velocity/slowness error for both wireline and LWD array acoustic tools. The analysis indicates that the measurement errors from earlier LWD tools are approximately two to three times larger than the errors from wireline measurements, due to the presence of drilling noise and the tool wave interference in the LWD conditions. The analysis is also performed for a 9.5-in. LWD tool that has recently been developed for holes ranging from 12 in. to 20 in. The error analyses on the data from the 9.5-in. tool show that the estimated slowness errors are about the same order as those from wireline measurements, demonstrating that "wireline quality" of acoustic measurements can be achieved with LWD technology. Introduction The past decade witnessed a rapid development of LWD acoustic technology to address exploration and formation evaluation needs for various formations and hole sizes. A 9.5-in. tool has recently been developed for holes ranging from 12 in. to 20 in., suited for compressional and shear velocity measurements in unconsolidated sediments of deepwater reservoirs. The application in these hole sizes is predominantly for seismic calibration and tie-back. The velocity data are also used for pore pressure prediction and formation evaluation. Because of the important applications, the accuracy of the LWD velocity data has always been a major concern since the inception of the technology. Acoustic measurements in the "while-drilling" environment have two apparent complexities when compared with the wireline measurements. The first is various drilling-related acoustic noises that contaminate the measured acoustic data. The second is the design of an acoustic isolator to effectively isolate acoustic tool waves while maintaining sufficient tool strength for the drilling. Because of the complexities, LWD acoustic measurements are commonly believed to be less accurate compared to their wireline counterparts. Oftentimes following LWD measurements, wireline acoustic data are acquired as a benchmark to check the quality and accuracy of the LWD data. To assess the accuracy and quality of the acoustic measurements, we analyze errors in the acoustic slowness/velocity log curves for both wireline and LWD acoustic tools. The results are compared between LWD and wireline measurements to show how the presence of tool waves and drilling noise degrades the data accuracy. Data and analysis results will also be compared for the early LWD tool and the newly developed 9.5-in. tool. The comparison demonstrates that the improvement made on the new tool significantly improves the data quality and reduces the error of the velocity measurement. The estimated error is about the same order as that from wireline measurements, demonstrating that "wireline quality" of acoustic measurements can be achieved with LWD technology. Acoustic Tool System Overview The new 9.5-in. acoustic LWD logging system architecture is shown in Figure 1. There are three main sections to the system, a) multipole-acoustic transmitter, b) acoustic isolator, and c) multipoleacoustic receiver array.

OnePetro

SPWLA

SPWLA-2007-B

SPWLA 48th Annual Logging Symposium

Country: North America > United States (0.68)

Genre: Research Report > Experimental Study (0.34)

Geophysics: Geophysics > Seismic Surveying > Seismic Processing (0.70)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)

SPE Disciplines:

Well Drilling > Drilling Measurement, Data Acquisition and Automation > Logging while drilling (1.00)
Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Formation Evaluation & Management > Open hole/cased hole log analysis (1.00)

Technology: Information Technology > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning > Statistical Learning > Regression (0.55)

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Interaction between two adjacent panels at WIPP

Patchet, S.J. (Westinghouse Government Environmental Services LLC) | Carrasco, R.C. (Westinghouse Government Environmental Services LLC) | Salari, M.R. (RockSol Consulting Group, Inc.) | Saeb, S. (RockSol Consulting Group, Inc.) | Francke, C.T. (RockSol Consulting Group, Inc.)

OnePetroJuly, 2001

ABSTRACT: The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), a Department of Energy (DOE) facility located in southeastern New Mexico near Carlsbad, is the first nuclear waste repository certified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The first waste disposal panel, Panel 1, was completed in 1988, and Panel 2 was completed in 2000. Although the geometry of Pand 2 is identical to that of Panel 1, the pattern of creep behavior of Panel 2 is anticipated to differ from that of Panel I because of its proximity to the first panel. Early in situ monitoring results appear to match a conceptual model of excavation performance. Two three-dimensional numerical models are being used to assess the interaction between Panel I and Panel 2 and have produced initial results. INTRODUCTION Three-dimensional numerical modeling of WIPP disposal panels has been performed to simulate the effect of mining a second waste disposal panel adjacent to an existing panel. The timing and geometry of the models were selected to simulate the effect of mining Panel 2 on Panel 1. The primary goals of the modeling were to quantify the potential increases in displacement rates and shear strain that contribute to fracturing in the old panel (Panel 1), and to estimate the long-term displacement rates in the new panel (panel 2). 1.1 Background The work presented here was completed for the United States Department of Energy (DOE), which was authorized by Public Law 96-164 to provide a research and development facility for demonstrating the safe permanent disposal of transuranic (TRU) wastes from national defense activities and programs of the United States exempted from regulations by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), located in southeastern New Mexico near Carlsbad, an underground repository for disposal of TRU wastes located 650 meters deep in a bedded halite formation. In its final configuration, WIPP will include eight panels of seven waste disposal rooms each. The rooms are about 90 meters long, 10 meters wide, and four meters high. They are separated by 30 meter wide pillars. The panels are separated by 60 meter wide barrier pillars. The excavation of Panel 1 rooms and access drffis was completed in 1988 and took about two years (DOE, 1992). Panel 2 excavation was completed in October 2000 and took about one year. Panel I required more extensive ground control maintenance than was originally planned, primarily because of the eleven-year delay in waste receipt. In general, the geomechanical performance of Panel 1 met all design requirements.

OnePetro

ARMA

ARMA-01-0517

DC Rocks 2001, The 38th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS)

Country: North America > United States > New Mexico (0.45)

Geologic Time: Phanerozoic > Paleozoic > Cambrian (0.46)

Industry:

Government > Regional Government > North America Government > United States Government (1.00)
Energy (1.00)

SPE Disciplines:

Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > Environment (1.00)
Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (0.88)
Health, Safety, Environment & Sustainability > HSSE & Social Responsibility Management > HSSE standards, regulations and codes (0.54)
Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization > Reservoir geomechanics (0.47)

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Field Test of Waterwall Corrosion in a CFB Waste Boiler

Norell, Mats (Chalmers University of Technology) | Andersson, Petter (Chalmers University of Technology)

OnePetroMarch, 2000

ABSTRACT A field-test was done in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler burning refuse derived fuel (RDF). The corrosion of alloys ranging from carbon steel (CS) to a nickel based superalloy was tested in panels in the waterwall for 738h. The metal temperatures were kept at about 300°C and 338°C, controlled by separate oil cooling systems. The flue gas composition in the boundary layer at the test panels was on average 27 ppm HC1, 2.6 ppm SO2, 5% 02, 13% CO2 and 2% CO. The corrosion rates were consistently estimated from the weight loss per length unit, and by a profilometry method developed for the test. TP310 (UNS $31008) had the lowest corrosion rates at both temperatures (176 and 284 ~m/1000h). The highest corrosion rate at 300°C was 264 ktm/1000h for Alloy 625 (UNS N06625). This was due to the pitting corrosion of Alloy 625 that occurred at both temperatures. At 338°C the highest rates were 823~m/1000h for the CS and 400 pm/1000h for TP304L (UNS $30403). Analyzed outer deposits mainly consisted of KC1, NaC! and CaSO4. A layer with mainly potassium oxide was found within the Fe203 on CS. For Alloy 28 (UNS N08028) and Alloy 625 a layer of KC1 was found in connection to Cr-Ni-Fe oxide. INTRODUCTION Waste combustion as a source for steam and electricity production was introduced in the 1950's. When corrosion problems first appeared in the waterwall section the solution was to have a refractory surface near the combustion area. Later, the strive for a more efficient use of the heat content in the waste has directed the development towards waterwalls with metal tubes at higher temperatures. This calls for alloys with improved corrosion resistance. Candidate materials range from carbon steel - still used in many boilers - to nickel-base superalloys. Austenitic corrosion resistant alloys have been used in waste combustion, in composite tubes produced by coextrusion, or as spray coatings. Corrosion in waste boilers is primarily attributed to chlorine attack. The principal suggested mechanisms for the chlorine attack includes: Corrosion from chlorine in gases, deposit induced corrosion, molted salt attack, and dew point corrosion. Early work on high temperature corrosion from chlorine in the flue gases dealt with the combustion of carbon with a high chlorine content 1. Chlorine containing fuel can form HC1 in the combustion gas. Gaseous HCI can react directly with the metal oxide, forming chloride ~. In waste boilers the deposits mainly consists of oxides, chlorides and sulfates of alkali and metals. The deposits are formed by reactions between the tubes and the environment, by gas condensation, or by impact of particles. Solid alkali chlorides deposited on the tubes can promote high temperature corrosion. A mechanism has been suggested where chlorides and sulfates in the deposit produce chlorine that reacts with the alloy oxide forming chlorides 2' 3.4 Hot corrosion can be caused by low temperature eutectic melts. Lead and zinc are often found in deposits formed in waste combustion 5, 6, 7. Chlorides of these elements and alkali can form eutectics with melting points below 300°C 6' 8. In laboratory experiments, mixtures of KC1 and NaCI with FeCI2 were found to be corrosive at 260°C 6. Dew point corrosion may occur in humid atmospheres at low temperature when the boiler is not operating. Rapid aqueous corrosion can then be enhanced by chloride ions. Increased corrosion rates have been observed at probe temperatures below 75°C in refuse combustion 9. The above mechanisms all relate to waste combustion in any boiler. In CFB boilers erosion-corrosion may also occur, especially near the bed. The corrosion mechanisms are commonly studied in laboratory experiments. In boilers, the corros

OnePetro

NACE

NACE-00236

CORROSION 2000

Country: North America > United States > Texas (0.28)

Industry: Energy > Oil & Gas > Upstream (1.00)

SPE Disciplines:

Well Completion > Well Integrity > Subsurface corrosion (tubing, casing, completion equipment, conductor) (1.00)
Reservoir Description and Dynamics (1.00)
Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Pipelines, Flowlines and Risers > Materials and corrosion (1.00)

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Subsidence experience at Twentymile Coal Company

Mills, R. (Twentymile Coal Company) | Archibeque, S. (Twentymile Coal Company) | Dowling, G. (Twentymile Coal Company) | Breeds, C.D. (Sub Terra Incorporated)

OnePetroJune, 1999

ABSTRACT: Twentymile Coal Company used the National Coal Board model for predicting maximum subsidence and angle of draw resulting from its longwall mining. Predictions were verified by installation of a monitoring network over selected longwall panels. These data are used in subsidence planning for the railroad entering the mine. INTRODUCTION The Twentymile Mine is located approximately 20 miles southwest of Steamboat Springs in northwest Colorado. The mine was opened in 1983 and has been operated by Twentymile Coal Company, a subsidiary of Cyprus Amax Coal Company, as a longwall mine since 1989. The initial longwall mining district, and fu'st nine panels, were retreated from 1989 to 1996 and the mined face was widened from 640-ft to 840-ft for the last four panels (Buchan, 1999). During this time, coal extraction has affected county roads; a 1-mile section of the Twentymile Sandstone cliff located above one of the county roads; a creek and its alluvial valley floor (AVF); three sets of powerlines using lattice girder and H-frame pole structures and rated at 340, 240, and 135 kV; and the railroad that transports coal from the mine. This paper describes Twentymile Coal Company's approach to monitoring and predicting mine subsidence and summary results from undermining the Energy Spur railroad.

OnePetro

ARMA

ARMA-99-0455

Vail Rocks 1999, The 37th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS)

deformation, differential gradient, displacement, extraction, maximum strain, Maximum Subsidence, metals & mining, panel 1, panel 2, prediction, Reservoir Characterization, subsidence, Subsidence Engineer Handbook, subsidence experience, subsidence workshop, Twentymile Coal Company, underground mining

Country:

Europe > United Kingdom (0.89)
North America > United States > Colorado (0.25)
Europe > Middle East > Cyprus (0.25)
North America > United States > Virginia (0.16)

Industry: Materials > Metals & Mining > Coal (1.00)

SPE Disciplines: Reservoir Description and Dynamics > Reservoir Characterization (0.67)

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Responses of a Barge-Mounted Platform In Waves And Currents

Hong, S.Y. (Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering) | Choi, Y.R. (Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering) | Kim, D.J. (Texas A&M University) | Kim, M.H. (Texas A&M University)

OnePetroMay, 1998

ABSTRACT The forces on and responses of a barge mounted platform (BMP) in waves and currents are investigated using various boundary element methods. A higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM) is developed in the frequency domain using a zero-forward-speed free-surface. Green function and the results are compared with an independently developed constant panel method (CPM). The accuracy and convergence rate of the two methods are systematically compared. A time-domain higher-order boundary element method (THOBEM) is also developed to estimate wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients, wave run-up, and mean drift forces in waves and uniform currents. The zero-current case of THOBEM agrees well with the frequency-domain results. The computed results are compared with experiments. The influence of neighboring boundaries, such as quays, is also studied. The responses of a BMP in the installation site of the South Sea of Korea are presented. INTRODUCTION For the utilization of ocean space and development of ocean resources, a BMP (barge-mounted platforms) project has been launched in Korea and a full-scale construction is planned near the Koje Island of the South Sea in the coming years (Chung & Chung, 1996). The main purpose of the BMP project is to develop key technologies for the design and construction of a floating-barge system for various kinds of purposes, such as desalination plants, waste-treatment plants, and floating ports. One of the most important design considerations of the proposed BMP is the ability to predict the responses and mooring-line forces of the system in a design sea condition. The prediction of wave run-up is also important to provide proper deck clearance. The wave forces, run-up, mean drift forces, and platform responses may be appreciably influenced by the presence of neighboring structures and sea currents. To assess the performance of the platform in various kinds of sea environments, three different boundary element methods have been developed and the computed results are systematically compared.

OnePetro

ISOPE

ISOPE-I-98-261

The Eighth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference

boundary element method, coefficient, convergence, drift force, element 1, element 2, element 3, exciting force, experiment, higher-order boundary element method, hydrodynamic coefficient, mass coefficient, mean drift force, panel 1, panel 2, quay, subsea system, Thobem, water management, wave force

Country: North America > United States (0.28)

Industry: Water & Waste Management > Water Management > Water Supplies & Services (0.54)

SPE Disciplines: Facilities Design, Construction and Operation > Offshore Facilities and Subsea Systems (0.49)

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Precursory Pressure Anomalies Prior To Coal Mine Failures

Brady, B.T. (U.S. Bureau of Mines) | Hanna, K. (U.S. Bureau of Mines)

OnePetroJune, 1993

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The world mining industry has progressed from a labor intensive industry to one that is highly mechanized with automated longwall mining systems during the past several decades. This trend has resulted in underground coal mines becoming safer and more productive. Current operations are producing 8,000 to 10,000 tons per shift. Longwall mining systems producing 40,000 to 50,000 tons per day are expected in the near future [ 1]. The Bureau of Mines in its mission to help the mining industry keep pace with the technological advancement in mining and the associated ground stability problems has designed and is conducting research to implement a ground control monitoring system (GCMS) to evaluate rock mass behavior in real time and to provide rapid warning of potentially unstable rock mass [1]. The GCMS is an attempt to provide the mine operator a method to rapidly assess precursors to ground stability and to take actions to protect in a timely manner mine personnel and equipment. This paper presents evidence that precursory pressure information was observed prior to several catastrophic mine failures and that the time duration of the pressure anomaly may be a direct measure of the size of the impending failure, that is, the longer the anomaly persists, the greater the dimensions of the failure.\ EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE AND INSTRUMENTATION PLAN The GCMS is currently operating at a longwall mine in western Colorado. The mine was developed within the Wadge Seam. Detailed mine design procedures can be found in ß references [1,4]. Data are transmitted from the GCMS via a telephone line to an 800-channel central control system located at the Bureau's Denver Research Center, 241 km from the mine. The complete system is composed of commercially available equipment and is permissible in coal mines. Figure 1 illustrates the essential components of the GCMS. The central control station consists of a computer network using a main control computer coupled with various independent operating computers. The network supports a variety of data management, engineering analysis, and graphics software packages. The network also provides an instantaneous view of continuously updated engineering data and mine information [1-3]. The instrumentation plan was developed to characterize ground behavior during mining of the longwall panels using the fully automated, minewide monitoring system and remote data processing techniques. Figure 2 shows the layout of the longwall panels and instrumentation site locations. Six sites, two in the headgate and two in the tailgate of Panel 1, and two in the headgate of Panel 2 were instrumented to provide cross-sectional pressure profiles at locations near the start-up rooms and the fault zone. In addition, both legs of eight shields, shields during mining [1]. Pressure transducers were used to monitor shield leg pressures and ground pressure in the roof and pillars of the gateroads and in the panels. Each transducer is connected to a lrunk line through an accessor, which allows two-way communication between the sensor and the central computer station. The field data obtained are transmitted over a dedicated telephone line at 6 sec intervals and is available underground, at the mine surface, and at the Bureau's Denver Research Center.

OnePetro

ARMA

ARMA-93-0407

The 34th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS)

bump, catastrophic failure, denver research center, gcm, instrumented shield, Longwall Mining, management system, metals & mining, panel 2, pillar, precursor, pressure anomaly, pressure change, pressure increase, shield, tailgate, telephone line, West Virginia University

Country: North America > United States > Colorado (0.50)

Industry: Materials > Metals & Mining > Coal (0.82)

SPE Disciplines: Data Science & Engineering Analytics > Information Management and Systems (1.00)

Technology: Information Technology (1.00)

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Comparative study of western US longwall panel entry systems

Haramy, Khamis Y. (Bureau of Mines, Denver Research Center) | Kneisley, Richard O. (Bureau of Mines, Denver Research Center)

OnePetroJune, 1989

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT: This paper summarizes ground control studies of longwall panel entry systems in two Western U.S. coal mines. Presented are comparisons of in situ pressure change measurements and assessments of chain pillar and entry behavior under a wide range of cover. Results indicate that no one entry system design is universally applicable, and that site-specific factors need to be considered for panel entry design. Relationships between overburden depth, face advance, and magnitude and location of the forward abutment are discussed for western operations. In addition, analysis indicates that use of yield pillars may reduce or eliminate some stress-related problems that plague longwall panel entry design. 1 INTRODUCTION The objective of this research is improved understanding of longwall mine stability problems under various conditions. The ability to deal with structural stability problems in longwall mining and associated risks to mine personnel is highly dependent on understanding stress redistribution during different stages of mining. Many factors contribute to high-stress concentrations, such as mine design, mining sequence, and site stratigraphy and its reaction to variable loading during distinct stages of mining. As geological conditions, physical properties, and mining practices and face support capabilities may vary from mine to mine, it is difficult to determine a single generic stress pattern that would be applicable to all coal mines. This report briefly describes hydraulic borehole pressure cell measurements made in two Western U.S. longwall operations as part of previous and ongoing Bureau studies (1-5). This summary presents data from mines representing the wide ranges of depth in the Western United States. While field investigations usually include a wide variety of tests and in situ measurements, this paper utilizes pressure cell changes and concentrates on forward and side abutment pressures and entry behavior, with an emphasis on longwall-induced load transfer onto chain pillars. Pressure change data from longwall mines with two and three entries are presented from instrument sites at overburden depths ranging from 450 (137 m) to 2,000 ft (608 m). 2 MINE SITES DESCRIPTION This study summarizes data from two longwall coal mines typifying the wide range of Western U.S. mining conditions. Mine A, under relatively shallow cover, 450-750 ft (137-228 m), utilizes both two and three-entry longwall panel systems. The main roof in mine A is composed of variably thick sandstone units, and the immediate roof is sandy shale or siltstone. Approximately 1 ft (0.3m) of carbonaceous shale overlying up to 20 ft (6 m) of sandstone comprised the immediate floor. Mine B, under relatively deep cover, up to 2,500 ft (760 m), historically experienced coal bumps due to rapid changes in overburden depth and the presence of a strong, thick sandstone roof member. Longwall mining at this mine utilizes two-entry systems with yielding chain pillars. Immediate roof strata consists primarily of a regularly caving sandstone member. The floor consists mostly of sandstone, shale, and coal. In both mines the seam heights are comparable; other pertinent study site geometries and properties are shown in tables 1 and 2.

OnePetro

ARMA

ARMA-89-0125

The 30th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics (USRMS)